Kodi macrocephaly, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo ndi chiyani?

Zamkati

• Zoyambitsa zazikulu
• Zizindikiro za macrocephaly
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Macrocephaly ndichizoloŵezi chosazolowereka chokhala ndi kukula kwa mutu wa mwana wokulirapo kuposa zachilendo zogonana komanso msinkhu ndipo womwe ungapezeke poyesa kukula kwa mutu, womwe umatchedwanso mutu wozungulira kapena CP, ndipo umakonza chiwembu pamagrafu ndikupita nawo poyesa kukambirana za ana, kuyambira kubadwa mpaka zaka 2 zakubadwa.

Nthawi zina, macrocephaly siyiyimira chiopsezo chaumoyo, kuwonedwa ngati yabwinobwino, komabe, nthawi zina, makamaka pamene kusungunuka kwa madzimadzi, CSF, kumawoneka, kumatha kuchedwa kukula kwa psychomotor, kukula kwaubongo, kuchepa kwamaganizidwe ndi kugwidwa.

Kuzindikira kwa macrocephaly kumapangidwa mwana akamakula, ndipo kuzungulira kwa mutu kumayeza nthawi iliyonse yoyendera ndi dokotala wa ana. Kuphatikiza apo, kutengera ubale wapakati pa CP, zaka, kugonana komanso kukula kwa mwanayo, adotolo atha kuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito amalingaliro kuti awone ngati pali zotupa, zotupa kapena kudzikundikira kwa CSF, kuwonetsa chithandizo choyenera kwambiri ngati kuli kofunikira.

Zoyambitsa zazikulu

Macrocephaly imatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zingapo, zomwe zambiri zimalumikizidwa ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amadzimadzi kapena zovuta. Komabe, panthawi yapakati mayi amathanso kukumana ndi zovuta zingapo zomwe zingasokoneze kukula kwa mwanayo ndikubweretsa macrocephaly. Chifukwa chake, zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa macrocephaly ndi izi:

• Matenda monga toxoplasmosis, rubella, syphilis ndi cytomegalovirus matenda;
• Matenda;
• Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha;
• Kukhalapo kwa zotupa, zotupa kapena zotupa zobadwa nazo;
• Poizoni wa lead;
• Matenda amadzimadzi monga lipidosis, histiocytosis ndi mucopolysaccharidosis;
• Neurofibromatosis;
• Tuberous sclerosis.

Kuphatikiza apo, macrocephaly imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda am'mafupa, makamaka pakati pa miyezi 6 ndi zaka 2, monga osteoporosis, hypophosphatemia, osteogenesis wopanda ungwiro ndi matenda, omwe ndi matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kusapezeka kwa vitamini D, womwe ndi vitamini yemwe amachititsa mayamwidwe calcium mu matumbo ndi mafunsidwe m'mafupa. Dziwani zambiri za ma rickets.

Zizindikiro za macrocephaly

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha macrocephaly ndi mutu wokulirapo kuposa wazaka zakubadwa ndi kugonana, komabe zizindikilo zina zitha kuwonekeranso kutengera chifukwa cha macrocephaly, zazikuluzikulu ndizo:

• Kuchedwa mu chitukuko cha psychomotor;
• Kulemala kwakuthupi;
• Kufooka kwa malingaliro;
• Kupweteka;
• Hemiparesis, yomwe imafooka minofu kapena kufooka mbali imodzi;
• Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a chigaza;
• Kusintha kwamitsempha;
• Mutu;
• Kusintha kwamaganizidwe.

Kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro kapena zizindikilozi kumatha kuwonetsa macrocephaly, ndipo ndikofunikira kupita kwa dokotala wa ana kuti akayeze CP. Kuphatikiza pakuyeza CP ndikukhudzana ndi kukula kwa mwanayo, kugonana ndi msinkhu wake, dokotala wa ana amawonanso zizindikilo, chifukwa zina zimangokhudza mtundu wina wa macrocephaly, ndipo amatha kuyamba kulandira chithandizo mwachangu. Katswiri wa ana atha kufunsanso kuyeserera koyeserera, monga ma computed tomography, radiography ndi maginito amvekedwe.

Macrocephaly amatha kudziwika ngakhale munthawi yobadwa kudzera mu ntchito ya obstetric ultrasound, pomwe CP imayesedwa, ndipo mwanjira imeneyi ndizotheka kutsogolera azimayi ndi mabanja awo adakali koyambirira.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Macrocephaly ikakhala yamthupi, ndiye kuti, pomwe sizikuyimira chiopsezo ku thanzi la mwanayo, sikoyenera kuyambitsa chithandizo chamankhwala, kukula kwa mwana kumangotsatira limodzi. Komabe, hydrocephalus, yomwe imachulukitsa madzi m'mutu, ikuwonekeranso, kuchitidwa opaleshoni kumafunika kukhetsa madziwo. Mvetsetsani momwe mankhwala a hydrocephalus amachitikira.

Kuphatikiza pa chithandizochi chimasiyana malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa macrocephaly, zimathanso kusintha malinga ndi zizindikilo zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mwanayo, chifukwa chake, kulimbikitsidwa kwa psychotherapy, physiotherapy ndi njira zolankhulira zitha kulimbikitsidwa. Kusintha kwa zakudya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena kumatha kuwonetsedwa, makamaka mwana akakomoka.