Kumvetsetsa Khansa ya m'mawere m'mapapo

Zamkati

• Momwe khansa ya m'mawere imafalikira m'mapapu
• Zizindikiro za metastasis yamapapu
• Kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere
• Kuchiza khansa ya m'mawere
• Chemotherapy
• Mankhwala ochiritsira mahomoni
• Njira zochiritsira khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2
• Mafunde
• Zizindikiro zothetsa
• Chiwonetsero
• Njira zochepetsera chiopsezo

Chidule

Khansara ya m'mawere imanena za khansa ya m'mawere yomwe imafalikira mopitilira dera lanu kapena dera lanu kuchokera kumalo akutali. Amatchedwanso siteji 4 khansa ya m'mawere.

Ngakhale imafalikira kulikonse, khansa ya m'mawere imafalikira m'mafupa pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere, akuti Metastatic Breast Cancer Network.

Malo ena ofala ndi mapapo, chiwindi, ndi ubongo. Kaya imafalikira pati, imaganiziridwabe kuti khansa ya m'mawere ndipo imachitidwa motero. Pafupifupi 6 mpaka 10 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mawere ku United States imapezeka pa siteji 4.

Nthawi zina, chithandizo choyambirira cha khansa ya m'mawere koyambirira sichimachotsa maselo onse a khansa. Pakhoza kukhala maselo a khansa yaying'ono kwambiri otsalira, kulola kuti khansa ifalikire.

Nthawi zambiri, metastasis imachitika mankhwala akamaliza. Izi zimatchedwa kubwereza. Kubwerezabwereza kumatha kuchitika patangopita miyezi ingapo kumaliza mankhwala kapena zaka zambiri pambuyo pake.

Padakali pano palibe mankhwala ochiritsira khansa ya m'mawere, koma imachiritsidwa. Amayi ena adzakhala ndi moyo zaka zambiri atapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere yapa 4.

Momwe khansa ya m'mawere imafalikira m'mapapu

Khansa ya m'mawere imayamba m'mawere. Pamene maselo abwinobwino amagawika ndikuchulukana, amapanga chotupa. Chotupacho chikamakula, maselo a khansa amatha kuchoka pachotupa choyambirira ndikupita kumaloko akutali kapena kulowa minyewa yapafupi.

Maselo a khansa amatha kulowa m'magazi kapena kusamukira ku ma lymph node pafupi ndi mkono kapena pafupi ndi kolala. Mukakhala m'magazi kapena ma lymph, ma cell a khansa amatha kuyenda mthupi lanu ndikufika kumalimba kapena minofu yakutali.

Maselo a khansa akangofika m'mapapu, amatha kuyamba kupanga chotupa chimodzi kapena zingapo zatsopano. Ndizotheka kuti khansa ya m'mawere ifalikire m'malo ambiri nthawi imodzi.

Zizindikiro za metastasis yamapapu

Zizindikiro za khansa m'mapapo zitha kuphatikiza:

• chifuwa chosatha
• kupweteka pachifuwa
• kupuma movutikira
• matenda obwerezabwereza pachifuwa
• kusowa chilakolako
• kuonda
• kutsokomola magazi
• kupweteka kwa chifuwa
• kulemera pachifuwa
• madzimadzi pakati pakhoma pachifuwa ndi mapapo

Mwina simungakhale ndi zizindikilo zoyambirira. Ngakhale mutatero, mwina mungaganize kuti ndi chimfine kapena chimfine. Ngati mudalandirapo khansa ya m'mawere, musanyalanyaze izi.

Kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere

Matendawa angayambe ndi kuyesa thupi, kugwira ntchito magazi, ndi X-ray pachifuwa. Mayeso ena azithunzi angafunike kuti mumve zambiri. Mayeso awa atha kukhala:

• Kujambula kwa CT
• Sakanizani PET
• MRI

Chidziwitso chingakhale chofunikira kuthandizira kudziwa ngati khansara ya m'mawere yakhala ikufalikira m'mapapu anu.

Kuchiza khansa ya m'mawere

Pochiza khansa ya m'mawere, cholinga ndikuthandizira kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa zizindikilo ndikukulitsa moyo wanu osapereka moyo wanu wabwino.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere chimadalira pazinthu zambiri, monga mtundu wa khansa ya m'mawere, mankhwala am'mbuyomu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Chinthu china chofunikira ndi kumene khansara yafalikira komanso ngati khansayo yafalikira m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy imatha kupha ma cell a khansa paliponse mthupi. Mankhwalawa amatha kuthandizira zotupa ndikuletsa zotupa zatsopano kuti zisapangidwe.

Chemotherapy nthawi zambiri ndiyo njira yokhayo yothandizira khansa ya m'mawere yamafuta (ma receptor-hasi ndi HER2-negative). Chemotherapy imagwiritsidwanso ntchito limodzi ndi njira zochiritsira za HER2 za khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2.

Ngati mudakhalapo ndi chemotherapy, khansa yanu imatha kukhala yolimbana ndi mankhwalawa. Kuyesera mankhwala ena a chemotherapy kumatha kukhala othandiza kwambiri.

Mankhwala ochiritsira mahomoni

Omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere yokhala ndi mahomoni adzapindula ndi mankhwala omwe amaletsa estrogen ndi progesterone polimbikitsa kukula kwa khansa, monga tamoxifen kapena mankhwala ochokera mkalasi otchedwa aromatase inhibitors.

Mankhwala ena, monga palbociclib ndi fulvestrant, atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a estrogen-HER2-negative.

Njira zochiritsira khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2

Khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 itha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala othandizira monga:

• alireza
• chithu
• ado-trastuzumab emtansine
• lapatinib

Mafunde

Thandizo la radiation lingathandize kuwononga maselo a khansa m'deralo. Itha kuchepetsa zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mawere m'mapapu.

Zizindikiro zothetsa

Mwinanso mungafune chithandizo kuti muchepetse zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zotupa m'mapapo. Mutha kuchita izi ndi:

• kukhetsa madzi omwe amadzikundikira m'mapapu
• mankhwala a oxygen
• stent kuti mutsegule njira yanu
• mankhwala opweteka

Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amapezeka mwa mankhwala kuti athandize kutsuka kwanu komanso kuchepetsa kutsokomola. Ena amatha kuthandiza kutopa, kusowa njala, komanso kupweteka.

Mankhwalawa ali ndi zovuta zomwe zimasiyanasiyana kutengera munthu. Zili ndi inu ndi dokotala kuti muone ubwino ndi kuipa kwake ndikusankha mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Ngati zovuta zimayamba kusokoneza moyo wanu, mutha kusintha mapulani anu kapena musankhe njira inayake.

Ochita kafukufuku akuphunzira mitundu ingapo yazithandizo zatsopano, kuphatikiza:

• poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) zoletsa
• phosphoinositide-3 (PI-3) kinase inhibitors
• bevacizumab (Avastin)
• chithandizo chamankhwala
• kufalitsa maselo otupa ndi kufalitsa chotupa cha DNA

Ziyeso zamankhwala zochizira khansa ya m'mawere ikupitilira. Ngati mukufuna kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa kwamankhwala, funsani dokotala wanu kuti mumve zambiri.

Chiwonetsero

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti palibe mankhwala ofanana ndi khansa ya m'mimba. Pogwira ntchito limodzi ndi gulu lanu lazachipatala, mudzatha kusankha mankhwala okhudzana ndi zosowa zanu.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'matumbo amalimbikitsidwa m'magulu othandizira komwe amatha kuyankhula ndi ena omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mimba.

Palinso mabungwe adziko lonse komanso amderali omwe angakuthandizeni pa zosowa zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku, monga ntchito zapakhomo, kukuyendetsani kuchipatala, kapena kuthandizira ndalama.

Kuti mumve zambiri za zothandizira, imbani American Cancer Society 24/7 National Cancer Information Center ku 800-227-2345.

Njira zochepetsera chiopsezo

Zina mwaziwopsezo, monga kusintha kwa majini, jenda, komanso zaka, sizingayang'aniridwe. Koma pali zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse
• kumwa mowa pang'ono
• kukhala ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi
• kupewa kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri
• osasuta

Ngati mudapatsidwa chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere, zosankha zamtunduwu zitha kuthandiza kuti muchepetse kuyambiranso.

Malangizo pakuwunika khansa ya m'mawere amasiyana kutengera msinkhu wanu komanso zoopsa zanu. Funsani dokotala wanu za zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza khansa ya m'mawere.

Pezani chithandizo kuchokera kwa ena omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Tsitsani pulogalamu yaulere ya Healthline Pano.