Methotrexate, yankho lokha lokha lokha

Zamkati

• Mfundo zazikulu za methotrexate
• Machenjezo ofunikira
• Machenjezo a FDA
• Machenjezo ena
• Kodi methotrexate ndi chiyani?
• Chifukwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito
• Momwe imagwirira ntchito
• Zotsatira zoyipa za Methotrexate
• Zotsatira zofala kwambiri
• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Kumbukirani
• Methotrexate imatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena
• Mankhwala omwe simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi methotrexate
• Kuyanjana komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo
• Kuyanjana komwe kumapangitsa kuti mankhwala anu asamagwire bwino ntchito
• Machenjezo a Methotrexate
• Chenjezo la ziwengo
• Chenjezo logwirizana ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa
• Machenjezo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena
• Machenjezo kwa magulu ena
• Momwe mungatenge methotrexate
• Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mphamvu
• Mlingo wa psoriasis
• Mlingo wa nyamakazi ya nyamakazi
• Mlingo wa polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
• Tengani monga mwalamulidwa
• Zofunikira pakumwa methotrexate
• Zonse
• Yosungirako
• Zowonjezeranso
• Kuyenda
• Kudziyang'anira pawokha
• Kuwunika kuchipatala
• Kuzindikira kwa dzuwa
• Kupezeka
• Ndalama zobisika
• Chilolezo chisanachitike
• Kodi pali njira zina?

Mfundo zazikulu za methotrexate

1. Njira yothetsera jakisoni ya Methotrexate imapezeka ngati mankhwala wamba komanso ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mayina Amalonda: Rasuvo ndi Otrexup.
2. Methotrexate imabwera m'njira zinayi: yankho lodzipangira jakisoni, yankho la jakisoni wa IV, piritsi yamlomo, ndi yankho lamlomo. Pa njira yodzipangira jakisoni, mutha kuilandira kuchokera kwa omwe amakupatsani chithandizo chamankhwala, kapena inu kapena wothandizira akhoza kukupatsani kunyumba.
3. Njira yothetsera jakisoni ya Methotrexate imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza psoriasis. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, kuphatikizapo polyarticular ana idiopathic arthritis.

Machenjezo ofunikira

Machenjezo a FDA

• Mankhwalawa ali ndi machenjezo a bokosi lakuda. Awa ndi machenjezo ovuta kwambiri ochokera ku Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Machenjezo akuda akuchenjeza madokotala ndi odwala za zovuta zamankhwala zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa.
• Chenjezo la mavuto a chiwindi: Methotrexate imatha kuyambitsa matenda amtundu wa chiwindi (fibrosis ndi cirrhosis). Zowopsa zanu zimawonjezeka mukamamwa mankhwalawa.
• Chenjezo pamavuto am'mapapo: Methotrexate imatha kuyambitsa zilonda zam'mapapo (zilonda). Izi zimatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse mukamalandira chithandizo komanso mulingo uliwonse. Kuyimitsa chithandizo sikuyambitsa zilondazo. Itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuvutika kupuma, kupuma pang'ono, kupweteka pachifuwa, kapena chifuwa chouma mukamamwa mankhwalawa.
• Chenjezo la Lymphoma: Methotrexate imabweretsa chiopsezo cha malignant lymphoma (khansa ya chitetezo cha mthupi). Izi zitha kuwonongeka kapena sizingathe mukasiya kumwa mankhwalawa.
• Chenjezo la khungu: Methotrexate imatha kuyambitsa khungu lomwe lingathe kupha (kupha). Atha kapena sangapitirire mukasiya kumwa mankhwalawo. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zina mukamamwa mankhwalawa, itanani dokotala wanu kapena 911 nthawi yomweyo. Zizindikirozi zimaphatikizapo kufiira, kutupa, matuza, kapena khungu, khungu, malungo, maso ofiira kapena opunduka, kapena zilonda mkamwa, pakhosi, pamphuno, kapena m'maso.
• Chenjezo la matenda: Methotrexate imatha kupangitsa kuti thupi lanu lisathe kulimbana ndi matenda. Anthu omwe amamwa mankhwalawa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda akulu omwe angawopseze moyo. Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda sayenera kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito methotrexate mpaka matendawa atachiritsidwa.
• Chenjezo lovulaza: Mavuto ena azaumoyo amatha kupangitsa kuti thupi lanu lizitha kumwa mankhwalawa pang'onopang'ono. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti mankhwalawa akhazikike mthupi lanu ndikukhala pachiwopsezo cha zotsatirapo zake. Izi zikachitika, dokotala wanu akhoza kuchepetsa mlingo wanu kapena kusiya mankhwala anu. Musanayambe mankhwalawa, auzeni dokotala ngati muli ndi vuto la impso, ascites (madzimadzi m'mimba mwanu), kapena pleural effusion (madzimadzi ozungulira mapapu anu).
• Chenjezo la chotupa chotchedwa Tumor lysis syndrome: Ngati muli ndi chotupa chomwe chikukula mofulumira ndikutenga methotrexate, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotupa chotupa. Vutoli limatha kupha (kuyambitsa imfa). Itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zizindikilo za matendawa. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizira kuvuta mkodzo, kufooka kwa minofu kapena kukokana, kukhumudwa m'mimba kapena kusowa njala, kusanza, malo ogona, kapena kumva ulesi. Zimaphatikizaponso kupitirira, kapena kugunda kwamtima kapena kugunda kwamtima komwe sikumveka bwino.
• Chenjezo la mankhwala omwe amachulukitsa zotsatirapo zake: Mankhwala ena ndi mankhwala atha kukulitsa zovuta za methotrexate. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala othandizira ma radiation, omwe amakulitsa chiopsezo cha mafupa kapena minofu. Izi zimaphatikizaponso kugwiritsa ntchito ma anti-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti mukhale ndi mavuto m'mimba, m'mimba, kapena m'mafupa. Mavutowa amatha kupha (kuyambitsa imfa). Zitsanzo za NSAID zimaphatikizapo ibuprofen ndi naproxen.
• Chenjezo la mimba: Methotrexate imatha kuvulaza kapena kutha kutenga pakati. Ngati muli ndi psoriasis kapena nyamakazi ndipo muli ndi pakati, musagwiritse ntchito methotrexate konse. Mukakhala ndi pakati mukamamwa mankhwalawa, itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Mankhwalawa amathanso kukhudza umuna. Amuna ndi akazi onse ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolerera poyenera kulandira chithandizo.
• Chenjezo la mundawo m'mimba: Methotrexate imatha kuyambitsa kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri. Ikhozanso kuyambitsa ulcerative stomatitis, matenda opatsirana am'kamwa omwe amatupa, chingamu cha siponji, zilonda, ndi mano otayirira. Ngati zotsatirazi zichitika, dokotala akhoza kusokoneza chithandizo chanu ndi mankhwalawa.

Machenjezo ena

• Chenjezo lolakwika: Mankhwalawa ayenera kubayidwa kamodzi sabata iliyonse. Kutenga mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse kumatha kubweretsa imfa.
• Chizungulire ndi kutopa chenjezo: Mankhwalawa amatha kukupangitsani kukhala ozunguzika kapena kutopa. Osayendetsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina olemera mpaka mutadziwa kuti mutha kugwira bwino ntchito.
• Chenjezo la Anesthesia: Mankhwalawa amatha kuyanjana ndi anesthesia omwe ali ndi mankhwala otchedwa nitrous oxide. Ngati mudzakhala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimafunikira anesthesia, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito methotrexate.

Kodi methotrexate ndi chiyani?

Methotrexate ndi mankhwala akuchipatala. Zimabwera m'njira zinayi: yankho lodzipangira jakisoni, yankho la jakisoni wa IV, piritsi yamlomo, ndi yankho lamlomo.

Pa njira yodzipangira jakisoni, mutha kulandira jakisoni kuchokera kwa othandizira azaumoyo. Kapena, ngati wothandizira zaumoyo akuwona kuti ndinu okhoza, atha kukuphunzitsani kapena kukusamalirani kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa kunyumba.

Njira yothetsera jakisoni ya Methotrexate imapezeka ngati generic komanso ngati mankhwala omwe amadziwika ndi dzina Rasuvo ndipo Otrexup.

Njira yothetsera jakisoni ya Methotrexate itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira imodzi yophatikizira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungafunike kumwa mankhwala ena.

Chifukwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito

Njira yothetsera jakisoni ya Methotrexate imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza psoriasis. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, kuphatikizapo polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Momwe imagwirira ntchito

Methotrexate ndi gulu la mankhwala otchedwa antimetabolites, kapena folic acid antagonists. Gulu la mankhwala ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zofananira.

Methotrexate imagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana pachikhalidwe chilichonse chomwe chimagwira. Sizodziwika bwino momwe mankhwalawa amagwirira ntchito pochiza nyamakazi (RA). RA ndi matenda amthupi. Amakhulupirira kuti methotrexate imafooketsa chitetezo chanu chamthupi, chomwe chingathandize kuchepetsa kupweteka, kutupa, ndi kuuma kuchokera ku RA.

Pa psoriasis, methotrexate imachedwetsa momwe thupi lanu limakhalira mwachangu khungu lanu. Izi zimathandiza kuchiza zizindikiro za psoriasis, zomwe zimaphatikizapo khungu lowuma, loyabwa.

Zotsatira zoyipa za Methotrexate

Njira yothetsera jakisoni ya Methotrexate imatha kuyambitsa tulo. Osayendetsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina olemera mpaka mutadziwa kuti mutha kugwira bwino ntchito.

Methotrexate amathanso kuyambitsa zovuta zina.

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za methotrexate zitha kuphatikiza:

• nseru kapena kusanza
• kupweteka m'mimba kapena kukwiya
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kutayika tsitsi
• kutopa
• chizungulire
• kuzizira
• mutu
• zilonda m'mapapu anu
• zilonda mkamwa
• zilonda zopweteka pakhungu
• chifuwa
• malungo
• kuvulaza mosavuta
• chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda
• Kumva dzuwa
• zidzolo
• yothina kapena yothamanga mphuno ndi zilonda zapakhosi
• zotsatira zoyipa pakuyesa kwa chiwindi (zitha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi)
• magulu otsika a magazi

Ngati zotsatirazi ndizochepa, zimatha kutha masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo. Ngati ali ovuta kwambiri kapena osapita, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zovuta zina. Itanani 911 ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuwopseza moyo kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti mukukumana ndi vuto lachipatala. Zotsatira zoyipa komanso zizindikilo zake zimatha kukhala izi:

• Kutuluka magazi mosazolowereka. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • masanzi omwe ali ndi magazi kapena amawoneka ngati malo a khofi
  • kutsokomola magazi
  • magazi mu mpando wanu, kapena wakuda, chembetsani
  • Kutuluka magazi m'kamwa mwako
  • kutuluka kwachilendo kwachilendo
  • kuchulukitsa
• Mavuto a chiwindi. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • mkodzo wamtundu wakuda
  • kusanza
  • kupweteka m'mimba mwako
  • chikasu cha khungu lako kapena kuyera kwa maso ako
  • kutopa
  • kusowa njala
  • mipando yoyera
• Mavuto a impso. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • osakhoza kupatsira mkodzo
  • kuchepa pokodza
  • magazi mkodzo wanu
  • kulemera kwakukulu kapena mwadzidzidzi
• Mavuto apancreas. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba mwanu
  • kupweteka kwambiri msana
  • kukhumudwa m'mimba
  • kusanza
• Zilonda zam'mapapo (zilonda). Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • chifuwa chowuma chomwe sichimatulutsa phlegm
  • malungo
  • kupuma movutikira
• Lymphoma (khansa). Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • kutopa
  • malungo
  • kuzizira
  • kuonda
  • kusowa chilakolako
• Khungu zochita. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • zidzolo
  • kufiira
  • kutupa
  • matuza
  • khungu losenda
• Matenda. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • malungo
  • kuzizira
  • chikhure
  • chifuwa
  • khutu kapena ululu wa sinus
  • malovu kapena ntchofu zomwe zimakulira kuchuluka kapena mtundu wina kuposa wabwinobwino
  • ululu pokodza
  • zilonda mkamwa
  • mabala omwe sangapole
  • kuyabwa kumatako
• Kuwonongeka kwa mafupa ndi kupweteka
• Kuwonongeka kwa mafupa. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • maselo oyera oyera, omwe angayambitse matenda
  • maselo ofiira ofiira, omwe angayambitse kuchepa kwa magazi (ndi zizindikilo za kutopa, khungu lotumbululuka, kupuma movutikira, kapena kuthamanga kwa mtima)
  • kuchuluka kwa ma platelete, omwe angayambitse magazi

Chodzikanira: Cholinga chathu ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chaposachedwa. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwala amakhudza munthu aliyense mosiyanasiyana, sitingatsimikizire kuti izi zimaphatikizaponso zovuta zonse zomwe zingachitike. Izi sizilowa m'malo mwa upangiri wa zamankhwala. Nthawi zonse muzikambirana mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi othandizira azaumoyo omwe amadziwa mbiri yanu yazachipatala.

Kumbukirani

• Kutaya madzi m'thupi (kutsika kwamadzimadzi mthupi lanu) kumatha kukulitsa zovuta zamankhwalawa. Onetsetsani kuti mumamwa madzi okwanira musanamwe mankhwalawa.
• Methotrexate imatha kuyambitsa zilonda mkamwa. Kutenga folic acid supplement kungachepetse izi. Zingathandizenso kuchepetsa mavuto ena a impso kapena chiwindi kuchokera ku methotrexate. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuwuzani zambiri.

Methotrexate imatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena

Njira yothetsera jakisoni ya Methotrexate imatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala, mavitamini, kapena zitsamba zomwe mwina mukumwa. Kulumikizana ndi pamene chinthu chimasintha momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito. Izi zitha kukhala zowononga kapena kuletsa mankhwalawa kuti asagwire ntchito bwino.

Pofuna kupewa kuyanjana, dokotala ayenera kuyang'anira mankhwala anu onse mosamala. Onetsetsani kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse, mavitamini, kapena zitsamba zomwe mukumwa. Kuti mudziwe momwe mankhwalawa angagwirizane ndi china chake chomwe mumatenga, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Zitsanzo za mankhwala omwe angayambitse kuyanjana ndi methotrexate alembedwa pansipa.

Mankhwala omwe simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi methotrexate

Musamamwe mankhwalawa ndi methotrexate. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito methotrexate, mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa mavuto m'thupi lanu. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• Katemera wamoyo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito methotrexate, katemera wamoyo amakhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda. Katemerayu amathanso kugwira ntchito. (Katemera wamoyo, monga FluMist, ndi katemera omwe amakhala ndi ma virus ochepa, koma ofooka.)

Kuyanjana komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo

Kuchuluka mavuto obwera chifukwa cha mankhwala ena: Kutenga methotrexate ndi mankhwala ena kumadzetsa chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo za mankhwalawa. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• Mankhwala ena a mphumu monga theophylline. Zowonjezera zoyipa za theophylline zitha kuphatikizira kugunda kwamtima mwachangu.

Zowonjezera zoyipa kuchokera ku methotrexate: Kutenga methotrexate ndi mankhwala ena kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu ku methotrexate. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa methotrexate mthupi lanu kumatha kuchuluka. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• Mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs) monga ibuprofen, naproxen, aspirin, diclofenac, etodolac, kapena ketoprofen. Zowonjezera zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza kutuluka magazi, mavuto am'mafupa, kapena mavuto akulu am'mimba. Mavutowa amatha kupha (kuyambitsa imfa).
• Kulanda mankhwala monga phenytoin. Zowonjezera zoyipa zimatha kuphatikizira m'mimba, tsitsi, kutopa, kufooka, komanso chizungulire.
• Gout mankhwala monga probenecid. Zowonjezera zoyipa zimatha kuphatikizira m'mimba, tsitsi, kutopa, kufooka, komanso chizungulire.
• Maantibayotiki monga mankhwala a penicillin, omwe amaphatikizapo amoxicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin, ndi nafcillin. Zowonjezera zoyipa zimatha kuphatikizira m'mimba, tsitsi, kutopa, kufooka, komanso chizungulire.
• Proton pump inhibitors monga omeprazole, pantoprazole, kapena esomeprazole. Zowonjezera zoyipa zimatha kuphatikizira m'mimba, tsitsi, kutopa, kufooka, komanso chizungulire.
• Mankhwala apakhungu monga ma retinoid. Zowonjezera zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza mavuto a chiwindi.
• Mankhwala opatsirana pambuyo pake monga azathioprine. Zowonjezera zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza mavuto a chiwindi.
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga sulfasalazine. Zowonjezera zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza mavuto a chiwindi.
• Maantibayotiki monga trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole. Zowonjezera zowonjezerapo zingaphatikizepo kuwonongeka kwa mafupa.
• Nitrous oxide, mankhwala oletsa dzanzi. Zowonjezera zowonjezerapo zimatha kukhala ndi zilonda mkamwa, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, komanso kuchepa kwama cell amwazi omwe angapangitse chiopsezo chanu chotenga kachilombo.

Kuyanjana komwe kumapangitsa kuti mankhwala anu asamagwire bwino ntchito

Pamene methotrexate sagwira ntchito: Methotrexate ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala ena, sizingagwire bwino ntchito pochiza matenda anu. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa methotrexate mthupi lanu kumatha kutsika. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• Maantibayotiki monga tetracycline, chloramphenicol, kapena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mabakiteriya m'matumbo mwanu (monga vancomycin). Dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha mlingo wanu wa methotrexate.

Chodzikanira: Cholinga chathu ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chaposachedwa. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwirizana mosiyanasiyana mwa munthu aliyense, sitingatsimikizire kuti izi zikuphatikizanso kuyanjana kotheka. Izi sizilowa m'malo mwa upangiri wa zamankhwala. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo momwe mungachitire ndi mankhwala, mavitamini, zitsamba ndi zowonjezera, komanso mankhwala omwe mumamwa.

Machenjezo a Methotrexate

Mankhwalawa amabwera ndi machenjezo angapo.

Chenjezo la ziwengo

Methotrexate imatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• kuvuta kupuma
• kutupa pakhosi kapena lilime
• ming'oma

Mukakhala ndi zizindikilozi, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipinda chadzidzidzi chapafupi.

Musatengerenso mankhwalawa ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto linalake. Kutenganso kumatha kukhala koopsa (kuyambitsa imfa).

Chenjezo logwirizana ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa

Pewani kumwa mowa mukamamwa methotrexate. Mowa umatha kuwonjezera zovuta za methotrexate pachiwindi. Izi zitha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kapena kukulitsa mavuto amchiwindi omwe muli nawo kale.

Machenjezo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi: Musagwiritse ntchito methotrexate ngati muli ndi mbiri ya mavuto a chiwindi, kuphatikizapo mavuto okhudzana ndi chiwindi. Mankhwalawa amatha kukulitsa chiwindi. Ngati dokotala wanu akupatsani mankhwalawa, amasankha kuchuluka kwanu malinga ndi thanzi lanu la chiwindi. Kutengera mtundu wa matenda a chiwindi, dokotala angaganize kuti simuyenera kumwa methotrexate.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka: Musagwiritse ntchito methotrexate ngati muli ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kapena matenda opatsirana. Mankhwalawa amatha kukulitsa mavutowa.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ma cell ochepa magazi: Izi zikuphatikiza kuchuluka kwama cell oyera, magazi ofiira, kapena ma platelets. Methotrexate imatha kukulitsa mphamvu yama cell anu otsika.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso: Ngati muli ndi mavuto a impso kapena mbiri ya matenda a impso, mwina simungathe kuchotsa mankhwalawa mthupi lanu. Izi zitha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa methotrexate mthupi lanu ndikupangitsa zovuta zina. Mankhwalawa amathanso kuyambitsa mavuto ndi impso zanu kapena kupangitsa impso zanu kulephera, zomwe zimapangitsa kufunikira kwa dialysis. Ngati dokotala wanu atakupatsani mankhwalawa, amasankha kuchuluka kwanu malinga ndi thanzi lanu la impso. Ngati impso yanu yawonongeka kwambiri, adokotala angaganize kuti simuyenera kumwa methotrexate.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba kapena ulcerative colitis: Musagwiritse ntchito methotrexate. Mankhwalawa amatha kukulitsa mavutowa powonjezera chiwopsezo cha zilonda (zilonda) m'mimba mwanu.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zotupa zomwe zikukula mofulumira: Methotrexate imatha kuyambitsa matenda a chotupa cha lysis. Izi zimatha kuchitika pambuyo pochiza khansa zina. Zingayambitse mavuto ndi ma elektrolyte anu, omwe angayambitse impso kapena imfa.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kapena ascites: Pleural effusion ndimadzi m'mapapo. Ascites ndimadzimadzi m'mimba mwanu. Methotrexate imatha kukhala mthupi lanu kwa nthawi yayitali ngati muli ndi mavuto azachipatala awa. Izi zitha kubweretsa zovuta zina.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi psoriasis yoyipa chifukwa chowunikira: Ngati mwakhala ndi psoriasis yomwe imakulirakulira chifukwa cha cheza cha ultraviolet (UV) kapena kuwala kwa dzuwa, methotrexate imatha kuyambitsanso izi.

Machenjezo kwa magulu ena

Kwa amayi apakati: Methotrexate imatha kuvulaza kwambiri pakati. Zitha kuchititsanso mavuto kubereka (zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutenga pakati). Anthu omwe ali ndi RA kapena psoriasis sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa panthawi yapakati.

Ngati ndinu mayi wazaka zobereka, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso oyembekezera kuti muwonetsetse kuti mulibe pakati musanamwe mankhwalawa. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolerera panthawi yothandizira komanso kusamba kamodzi mukasiya mankhwala ndi mankhwalawa. Itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati:

• kuphonya nthawi
• ndikuganiza kuti kulera kwanu sikunayende
• khalani ndi pakati mukamamwa mankhwalawa

Ngati ndinu mwamuna, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolerera yothandiza panthawi yamankhwala anu komanso kwa miyezi itatu mutatha mankhwala anu.

Kwa amayi omwe akuyamwitsa: Methotrexate imadutsa mkaka wa m'mawere ndipo imatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina kwa mwana yemwe akuyamwitsa. Osamayamwa mukamamwa methotrexate. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira yabwino kwambiri yodyetsera mwana wanu.

Kwa okalamba: Mutha kukhala ndi mavuto ndi chiwindi, impso, kapena mafuta m'mafupa mukamamwa methotrexate. Mwinanso mumakhala ndi folic acid yochepa. Dokotala wanu ayenera kukuyang'anirani izi ndi zina zoyipa.

Kwa ana: Za psoriasis: Mankhwalawa sanaphunzirepo kwa ana omwe ali ndi psoriasis. Sichiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi vutoli kwa ana ochepera zaka 18.

Kwa polyarticular achinyamata idiopathic arthritis: Mankhwalawa adaphunziridwa kwa ana azaka zapakati pa 2-16 zaka ali ndi vutoli.

Momwe mungatenge methotrexate

Mlingo uliwonse wotheka ndi mitundu ya mankhwala sizingaphatikizidwe pano. Mlingo wanu, mawonekedwe a mankhwala, komanso kuchuluka kwa momwe mumamwa mankhwalawo zimadalira:

• zaka zanu
• matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa
• momwe matenda anu alili
• Matenda ena omwe muli nawo
• momwe mumachitira ndi mankhwala oyamba

Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mphamvu

Zowonjezera: methotrexate

• Mawonekedwe: subcutaneous jekeseni (botolo)
• Mphamvu:
  • 1 gm / 40 mL (25 mg / mL)
  • 50 mg / 2 ml
  • 100 mg / 4 mL
  • 200 mg / 8 mL
  • 250 mg / 10 ml

Mtundu: Otrexup

• Mawonekedwe: jakisoni wamagetsi (auto-injector)
• Mphamvu: 10 mg / 0.4 mL, 12.5 mg / 0.4 mL, 15 mg / 0.4 mL, 17.5 mg / 0.4 mL, 20 mg / 0.4 mL, 22.5 mg / 0.4 mL, 25 mg / 0.4 mL

Mtundu: Rasuvo

• Mawonekedwe: jakisoni wamagetsi (auto-injector)
• Mphamvu: 7.5 mg / 0.15 mL, 10 mg / 0.2 mL, 12.5 mg / 0.25 mL, 15 mg / 0.3 mL, 17.5 mg / 0.35 mL, 20 mg / 0.4 mL, 22.5 mg / 0.45 mL, 25 mg / 0.5 mL, 30 mg /0.6 mL

Mlingo wa psoriasis

Mlingo wa akulu (zaka 18-64 zaka)

• Mlingo woyambira: 10-25 mg kamodzi pa sabata.
• Kuchuluka kwakukulu: 30 mg kamodzi pa sabata.

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0-17 zaka)

Mankhwalawa sanakhazikitsidwe ngati otetezeka komanso othandiza kuchiritsa psoriasis m'badwo uno.

Mlingo waukulu (wazaka 65 kapena kupitirira)

Impso zanu sizigwira ntchito kale. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti thupi lanu lizigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pang'onopang'ono. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwamankhwala kumatha kukhala mthupi lanu kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chazovuta.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuyambitsani pamlingo wochepa kapena pulogalamu ina ya dosing. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuti mankhwalawa asakule kwambiri mthupi lanu.

Mlingo wa nyamakazi ya nyamakazi

Mlingo wa akulu (zaka 17-64 zaka)

• Mlingo woyambira: 7.5 mg kamodzi pa sabata.

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0-17 zaka)

Mankhwalawa saloledwa kuchiza RA mwa ana.

Mlingo waukulu (wazaka 65 kapena kupitirira)

Impso za anthu okalamba mwina sizigwira ntchito kale. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti thupi lanu lizigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pang'onopang'ono. Zotsatira zake, mankhwala ambiri amatha kukhala mthupi lanu kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chazovuta.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuyambitsani pamlingo wotsika kapena dongosolo lina la dosing. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuti mankhwalawa asakule kwambiri mthupi lanu.

Mlingo wa polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 2-16 zaka)

• Mlingo woyambira: 10 mg pa mita yolowezedwa (m2) ya thupi, kamodzi pamlungu.

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0-1 chaka)

Mankhwalawa sanatsimikizidwe kuti ndiotetezeka komanso othandiza kwa ana ochepera zaka 2.

Chodzikanira: Cholinga chathu ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chaposachedwa. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhudza munthu aliyense mosiyanasiyana, sitingatsimikizire kuti mndandandawu umaphatikizira miyezo yonse yotheka. Izi sizilowa m'malo mwa upangiri wa zamankhwala. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala za mlingo woyenera kwa inu.

Tengani monga mwalamulidwa

Methotrexate imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira kwakanthawi kochepa kapena kwakanthawi. Kutalika kwa chithandizo chanu kumadalira momwe akuchiritsirirani. Mankhwalawa amabwera ndi zoopsa zazikulu ngati simutenga monga mwauzidwa.

Mukasiya kumwa mankhwala mwadzidzidzi kapena osamwa konse: Mutha kukhala ndi mavuto omwe amadalira matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa.

• Za RA kapena JIA: Zizindikiro zanu, monga kutupa ndi kupweteka, sizingathe kutha kapena kuwonjezeka.
• Kwa psoriasis: Zizindikiro zanu sizingasinthe. Zizindikirozi zimatha kuphatikizira kuyabwa, kupweteka, zigamba zofiira pakhungu, kapena siliva kapena zigawo zoyera za khungu lamankhwala.

Ngati mwaphonya Mlingo kapena osamwa mankhwalawo panthawi yake: Mankhwala anu mwina sagwira ntchito kapena akhoza kusiya kugwira ntchito kwathunthu. Kuti mankhwalawa agwire bwino ntchito, kuchuluka kwake kumayenera kukhala mthupi lanu nthawi zonse.

Ngati mutenga zochuluka kwambiri: Mutha kukhala ndimankhwala owopsa mthupi lanu. Kuchulukitsitsa kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto omwe akuphatikizapo:

• kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi ndi matenda, okhala ndi zizindikiro monga malungo, kuzizira, chifuwa, kupweteka kwa thupi, kupweteka mukakodza, kapena zigamba zoyera pakhosi panu
• maselo ofiira ofiira komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, okhala ndi zizindikilo monga kutopa kwambiri, khungu lotumbululuka, kugunda kwamtima, kapena kupuma pang'ono
• kuchuluka kwa ma platelete ndi magazi osazolowereka, monga magazi omwe sangayime, kutsokomola magazi, kusanza magazi, kapena magazi mumkodzo kapena m'mipando yanu
• zilonda mkamwa
• zovuta zoyipa m'mimba, monga kupweteka, nseru, kapena kusanza

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwalawa mopitirira muyeso, itanani dokotala wanu kapena malo oletsa poyizoni kwanuko. Ngati matenda anu akukulira, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi pomwepo.

Zomwe muyenera kuchita mukaphonya mlingo: Tengani mlingo wanu mukangokumbukira. Ngati mukukumbukira kutangotsala maola ochepa kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwala, tengani mlingo umodzi wokha. Osayesa konse kutenga mwa kumwa miyezo iwiri nthawi imodzi. Izi zitha kubweretsa zovuta zoyipa.

Momwe mungadziwire ngati mankhwalawa akugwira ntchito: Mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zakusintha. Amadalira momwe akuchiritsira.

• Za RA kapena JIA: Muyenera kupweteka pang'ono ndi kutupa. Anthu nthawi zambiri amawona kusintha kwa masabata 3-6 atayamba mankhwalawa.
• Kwa psoriasis: Muyenera kukhala ndi khungu louma lochepa.

Zofunikira pakumwa methotrexate

Pitirizani kuganizira izi ngati dokotala akukupatsani methotrexate.

Zonse

• Tengani mankhwalawa panthawi yomwe dokotala akukulangizani.

Yosungirako

• Sungani njira yothetsera jakisoni wa methotrexate kutentha kwapakati, pakati pa 59 ° F mpaka 86 ° F (15 ° C mpaka 30 ° C).
• Sungani mankhwalawa kutali ndi kuwala.
• Musasunge mankhwalawa m'malo onyowa kapena onyowa, monga mabafa.

Zowonjezeranso

Mankhwala a mankhwalawa amakonzanso. Simuyenera kusowa mankhwala atsopano kuti mudzazidwenso. Dokotala wanu adzalemba kuchuluka kwa mafuta obwezerezedwanso pamankhwala anu.

Kuyenda

Mukamayenda ndi mankhwala anu:

• Nthawi zonse muzinyamula mankhwala anu. Mukamauluka, musayikenso m'thumba lofufuzidwa. Sungani m'thumba lanu.
• Osadandaula za makina a X-ray pabwalo la ndege. Sangathe kuvulaza mankhwala anu.
• Mungafunike kuwonetsa ogwira ntchito ku eyapoti chizindikiro cha mankhwala anu. Nthawi zonse muzinyamula chidebe choyambirira cholembedwa ndi mankhwala.
• Musayike mankhwalawa m'galimoto yamagolovu amgalimoto yanu kapena siyani m'galimoto. Onetsetsani kuti musachite izi nyengo ikatentha kapena kuzizira kwambiri.

Kudziyang'anira pawokha

Ngati mukufuna kudzipangira jakisoni wa methotrexate, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akuwonetsani inu kapena amene akukusamalirani momwe mungachitire. Simuyenera kubaya jakisoni wamankhwala mpaka mutaphunzitsidwa njira yoyenera. Onetsetsani kuti muli omasuka ndi njirayi, ndipo musaiwale kufunsa wothandizira zaumoyo wanu mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.

Pa jakisoni aliyense, mufunika:

• gauze
• mipira ya thonje
• mowa amafufuta
• bandeji
• chipangizo chophunzitsira (choperekedwa ndi dokotala wanu)

Kuwunika kuchipatala

Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyesa panthawi ya chithandizo kuti muwonetsetse kuti mankhwalawo sakuvulaza thupi lanu. Mayesowa atha kuphatikizira kuyesa magazi ndi x-ray, ndipo atha kuwunika izi:

• magulu a maselo a magazi
• milingo yamapulatifomu
• chiwindi chimagwira
• milingo yama albin yamagazi
• ntchito ya impso
• ntchito yamapapu
• mulingo wa methotrexate mthupi lanu
• kuchuluka kwa calcium, phosphate, potaziyamu, ndi uric acid m'magazi anu (amatha kuzindikira zotupa za lysis)

Kuzindikira kwa dzuwa

Methotrexate imatha kupangitsa khungu lanu kukhala lowala kwambiri padzuwa. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chowotcha dzuwa. Pewani dzuwa ngati mungathe. Ngati simungathe, onetsetsani kuti muvale zovala zoteteza ndikugwiritsa ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa.

Kupezeka

Osati mankhwala aliwonse omwe amakhala ndi mankhwalawa. Mukadzaza mankhwala anu, onetsetsani kuti mwayitanitsa patsogolo kuti mutsimikizire kuti mankhwala omwe muli nawo ali nawo.

Ndalama zobisika

• Mungafunike kuyezetsa magazi mukamalandira mankhwala a methotrexate. Mtengo wa mayeserowa udalira kutengera kwanu inshuwaransi.
• Muyenera kugula zinthu zotsatirazi kuti mudzipangire nokha mankhwalawa:
  • gauze
  • mipira ya thonje
  • mowa amafufuta
  • mabandeji

Chilolezo chisanachitike

Makampani ambiri a inshuwaransi amafuna chilolezo choyambirira cha mankhwalawa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti dokotala wanu adzafunika kuvomerezedwa ndi kampani yanu ya inshuwaransi kampani yanu ya inshuwaransi isanakulipireni mankhwalawo.

Kodi pali njira zina?

Palinso mankhwala ena omwe amapezeka kuti athetse vuto lanu. Ena akhoza kukuyenererani kuposa ena. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena omwe angakuthandizeni.

Chodzikanira:Nkhani Zamankhwala Masiku Ano yachita khama kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti zidziwitso zonse ndizolondola, zomveka bwino, komanso zatsopano. Komabe, nkhaniyi sikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chidziwitso ndi ukadaulo wa akatswiri pazachipatala. Muyenera kufunsa adotolo kapena akatswiri azaumoyo musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse. Zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zili pano zitha kusintha ndipo sizingapangidwe kuti zigwiritse ntchito, mayendedwe, zodzitetezera, machenjezo, kulumikizana ndi mankhwala, kusokonezeka, kapena zovuta zina.Kusapezeka kwa machenjezo kapena zidziwitso za mankhwala omwe apatsidwa sikuwonetsa kuti kuphatikiza mankhwala kapena mankhwalawa ndiwotetezeka, ogwira ntchito, komanso oyenera kwa odwala onse kapena ntchito zina zilizonse.