Kodi mucormycosis, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Mitundu ya mucormycosis
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Chithandizo cha Mucormycosis

Mucormycosis, yomwe kale imadziwika kuti zygomycosis, ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza gulu la matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bowa wazam'magulu a Mucorales, makamaka ndi bowa Rhizopus spp. Matendawa samapatsirana kuchokera kwa munthu mmodzi kupita kwina ndipo amapezeka pafupipafupi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira kapena matenda ashuga osalamulirika.

Matendawa amachitika bowa akapuma, amapita molunjika m'mapapu, kapena akamalowa m'thupi kudzera pakucheka khungu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizindikilo zizioneka molingana ndi chiwalo chomwe chidapatsidwacho, ndipo pakhoza kukhala mutu wopweteka kwambiri, malungo , kutupa, kufiira pamaso ndikumatuluka kwambiri m'maso ndi mphuno. Mucormycosis ikafika muubongo, khunyu, kuvutika kuyankhula komanso kutaya chidziwitso kumatha kuchitika.

Kuzindikira kwa mucormycosis kumapangidwa ndi sing'anga kapena matenda opatsirana kudzera pakompyuta ya tomography ndi chikhalidwe cha mafangasi ndipo chithandizo chimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ojambulidwa kapena am'kamwa, monga Amphotericin B.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za mucormycosis zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kuchuluka kwa chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu ndi chiwalo chomwe chakhudzidwa ndi bowa, ndipo pakhoza kukhala:

• Mphuno: Ndi chiwalo chimodzi mwa ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa ndipo chimayambitsa kuwonekera kwa zizindikiro zofananira ndi sinusitis, monga mphuno yothinana, kupweteka m'masaya ndi phlegm wobiriwira, koma pakavuta kwambiri, kutupa pankhope, kutayika kwa minofu kuchokera kumwamba pakamwa kapena chichereŵechereŵe cha mphuno;
• Maso: mawonetseredwe a mucormycosis amatha kuwonekera pamavuto m'masomphenya monga kuvuta kuwona, kudzikundikira kwa kutulutsa kwachikaso ndi kutupa kuzungulira maso;
• Mapapo: bowa akafika m'chiwalo ichi, amatha kukhosomola ndi magazi kapena magazi, kupweteka pachifuwa komanso kupuma movutikira;
• Ubongo: chiwalo ichi chimakhudzidwa pamene mucormycosis imafalikira ndipo imatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo monga khunyu, kuvuta kuyankhula, kusintha misempha ya nkhope komanso kutaya chidziwitso;
• Khungu: Bowa wa Mucormycosis amatha kupatsira zigawo za khungu, ndipo zofiira, zolimba, zotupa, zilonda zopweteka zitha kuwonekera ndipo, nthawi zina, zimatha kukhala zotupa ndikupanga zilonda zowoneka zakuda.

Pazovuta kwambiri, munthu yemwe ali ndi mucormycosis atha kukhala ndi khungu lamtambo pakhungu ndi zala zofiirira ndipo izi zimachitika chifukwa chosowa mpweya wambiri womwe umayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa bowa m'mapapu. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati matendawa sakudziwika ndikuchiritsidwa, bowa amatha kufalikira mwachangu ku ziwalo zina, makamaka ngati munthuyo ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, kufikira impso ndi mtima ndikuyika moyo wa munthu pachiwopsezo.

Mitundu ya mucormycosis

Mucormycosis itha kugawidwa m'mitundu ingapo kutengera komwe kuli matenda a fungal, ndipo itha kukhala:

• Rhinocerebral mucormycosis, womwe ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa matendawa, ndipo milandu yambiri imachitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga. Mu mtundu uwu, bowa amapatsira mphuno, sinus, maso ndi pakamwa;
• Pulmonary mucormycosis, momwe bowa amafikira m'mapapu, ichi kukhala chiwonetsero chachiwiri chodziwika kwambiri;
• Kudula mucormycosis, yomwe imakhala ndi kufalikira kwa matenda a mafangasi m'mbali zina za khungu, zomwe zimatha kufikira minofu;
• M'mimba mucormycosis, momwe bowa limafikira m'mimba, kukhala kosowa kwambiri kuchitika.

Palinso mtundu wa mucormycosis, wotchedwa kufalitsa, womwe umakhala wosowa kwambiri ndipo umachitika bowa akasamukira kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana m'thupi, monga mtima, impso ndi ubongo.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Mucormycosis ndi gulu la matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bowa wazam'magazi a Mucorales, omwe amapezeka kwambiri Rhizopus spp., zomwe zimapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana m'chilengedwe, monga zomera, nthaka, zipatso ndi zinthu zowola.

Nthawi zambiri, bowa sizimayambitsa matenda, chifukwa amatha kulimbana ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Kukula kwa matenda kumachitika makamaka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chitetezo chamthupi, amakhala pafupipafupi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira chifukwa cha matenda monga kachilombo ka HIV, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mtundu wina wothandizira, monga mafupa kapena ziwalo, amakhalanso ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga mucormycosis.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Kuzindikira kwa mucormycosis kumapangidwa ndi sing'anga kapena matenda opatsirana poyesa mbiri yaumoyo wa munthuyo komanso kuwerengera tomography, komwe kumatsimikizira komwe matendawa alili komanso kukula kwake. Chikhalidwe cha Sputum chimachitidwanso, chomwe chimapangidwa pofufuza zinsinsi zam'mapapo kuti muzindikire bowa wokhudzana ndi matenda.

Nthawi zina, adokotala amatha kupemphanso kuyesedwa kwa ma molekyulu, monga PCR, kuti adziwe mtundu wa bowa ndipo, kutengera njira yomwe agwiritsa ntchito, kuchuluka komwe kulipo m'thupi, ndi kujambula kwa maginito kuti mufufuze ngati mucormycosis yafika Mwachitsanzo, kapangidwe kake kaubongo. Kuyezetsa kumeneku kuyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu, chifukwa kufulumira kwazindikiritso, pamakhala mwayi wambiri wothetsera matendawa.

Chithandizo cha Mucormycosis

Chithandizo cha mucormycosis chikuyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu, matenda akangodziwikiratu, kuti mwayi woti akuchiritse ukhale wokulirapo ndipo uyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi malingaliro a dokotala, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maantifungal mwachindunji mumitsempha, monga Amphotericin, mwina onetsani. B, kapena Posaconazole, mwachitsanzo. Ndikofunika kuti mankhwalawa agwiritsidwe ntchito molingana ndi malingaliro azachipatala ndikuti chithandizocho chiziimitsidwa ngakhale kulibenso zizindikiro zina.

Kuphatikiza apo, kutengera kukula kwa matendawa, adotolo amalimbikitsa kuti achite opaleshoni kuti achotse minofu ya necrotic yoyambitsidwa ndi bowa, yomwe imadziwika kuti kuchotsa. Chithandizo cha Hyperbaric chipinda chingalimbikitsidwenso, komabe, palibe maphunziro okwanira kuti atsimikizire kuti ndi othandiza. Dziwani zambiri za momwe chipinda cha hyperbaric chimagwirira ntchito.