Narcolepsy: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za matenda osokoneza bongo
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Narcolepsy ndi matenda osadziwika omwe amasintha tulo, momwe munthu amakhala ndi tulo tofa nato masana ndipo amatha kugona tulo nthawi iliyonse, kuphatikiza pokambirana kapena ngakhale kuyimitsidwa pakati pamsewu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a narcolepsy ndizokhudzana ndi kutayika kwa ma neuron mdera laubongo lotchedwa hypothalamus, lomwe limatulutsa chinthu chotchedwa hypocretin, chomwe ndi neurotransmitter yomwe imayang'anira kuyambitsa kudzuka ndi kudzuka, zomwe zimafanana ndi kukhala tcheru, kusunga anthu kuti agwirizane. Ndi kufa kwa ma neuron awa, pamakhala zochepa kapena zosapanga hypocretin ndipo chifukwa chake, anthu amatha kugona mosavuta.

Chithandizo cha matendawa chimayenera kuwonetsedwa ndi katswiri wa zamagulu, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amachita molunjika pazizindikiro, kuwongolera matendawa, nthawi zambiri kumawonetsedwa.

Zizindikiro za matenda osokoneza bongo

Chizindikiro choyamba komanso chachikulu chodwala matendawa ndi kugona tulo masana. Komabe, popeza chizindikirochi sichinafotokozeredwe, matendawa sanapangidwe, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa hypocretin, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonekera kwa zizindikilo zina, monga:

• Nthawi zogona kwambiri masana, pomwe munthu amatha kugona mosavuta kulikonse, mosasamala kanthu za ntchito yomwe akuchita;
• Kufooka kwa minofu, komwe kumatchedwanso cataplexy, komwe chifukwa cha kufooka kwa minofu, munthuyo amatha kugwa ndikulephera kuyankhula kapena kusuntha, ngakhale akudziwa. Cataplexy ndichizindikiro cha matendawa, komabe si aliyense amene ali nawo;
• Kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, amene akhoza Makutu kapena zithunzi;
• Kufa kwa thupi podzuka, komwe munthu samatha kusuntha kwa mphindi zochepa. Nthawi zambiri, tulo tofa nawo mbali mu narcolepsy timatha pakati pa 1 ndi 10 mphindi;
• Tulo tofa nato usiku, zomwe sizimasokoneza kugona kwa munthu tsiku lililonse.

Kuzindikira kwamankhwala osokoneza bongo kumapangidwa ndi neurologist komanso dokotala wogona malinga ndi kuwunika kwa zizindikilo zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi munthuyo. Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso monga polysomnography ndi mayesero angapo a latency amachitika kuti aphunzire zochitika zamaubongo komanso magawo ogona. Mlingo wa Hypocretin amawonetsedwanso kotero kuti ubale uliwonse ndi zizindikiritso umatsimikizika ndipo, chifukwa chake, matenda a narcolepsy amatha kutsimikiziridwa.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha narcolepsy chikuyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi neurologist ndipo chitha kuchitidwa ndi mankhwala, monga Provigil, Methylphenidate (Ritalin) kapena Dexedrine, omwe ali ndi ntchito yolimbikitsa ubongo wa odwala kuti akhalebe ogalamuka.

Mankhwala ena ochepetsa kupsinjika, monga Fluoxetine, Sertaline kapena Protriptyline, atha kuthandiza kuchepetsa magawo a cataplexy kapena hallucination. Njira ya Xyrem itha kuperekedwanso kwa odwala ena kuti agwiritse ntchito usiku.

Chithandizo chachilengedwe cha matenda osokoneza bongo ndikusintha moyo wanu ndikudya bwino, kupewa kudya kwambiri, kupuma pang'ono mukadya, kupewa kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera kugona.