Kodi Matenda a Multiple Sclerosis Ndi Otani?

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Njira zatsopano zosinthira matenda
• Mankhwala oyesera
• Njira zoyendetsedwa ndi deta kuti athe kulandira chithandizo
• Kupita patsogolo pakufufuza zamtundu
• Kafukufuku wamatumbo microbiome
• Kutenga

Chidule

Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a multiple sclerosis (MS). Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, mankhwala atsopano akupezeka kuti athandize kuchepetsa kukula kwa matendawa ndikuwongolera zizindikiritso zake.

Ochita kafukufuku akupitiliza kupanga mankhwala atsopano ndikuphunzira zambiri pazomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

Werengani kuti mumve zina mwazomwe zachitika posachedwapa ndi njira zabwino zofufuzira.

Njira zatsopano zosinthira matenda

Mankhwala osinthira matenda (DMTs) ndiwo gulu lalikulu la mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza MS. Mpaka pano, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yavomereza ma DMTs opitilira khumi ndi awiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya MS.

Posachedwa, a FDA avomereza:

• Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus). Imagwira mitundu yobwerezabwereza ya MS ndi MS yopita patsogolo MS (PPMS). Izi ndizovomerezeka kuti zichiritse PPMS ndipo ndi yokhayo yovomerezeka pamitundu yonse inayi ya MS.
• Fingolimod (Gilenya). Mankhwalawa amathandizira ana a MS. Adavomerezedwa kale kwa akulu. Mu 2018, idakhala DMT yoyamba kuvomerezedwa.
• Cladribine (Mavenclad). Amavomerezedwa kuti athetse MS (RRMS) yobwerezabwereza komanso MS yotsatira yopita patsogolo ya MS (SPMS).
• Siponimod (Mayzent). Amavomerezedwa kuchiza RRMS, Active SPMS, ndi matenda opatsirana kuchipatala (CIS). M'mayeso azachipatala a gawo lachitatu, zidachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kubwereranso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi Active SPMS. Poyerekeza ndi placebo, idachepetsa kubwereranso pakati.
• Diroximel fumarate (Kuchuluka). Mankhwalawa amavomerezedwa kuti athetse RRMS, Active SPMS, ndi CIS. Ndi ofanana ndi dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera), DMT yakale. Komabe, zimayambitsa zovuta zochepa m'mimba.
• Ozanimod (Zeposia). Mankhwalawa amavomerezedwa kuti athetse CIS, RRMS, ndi SPMS yogwira ntchito. Ndi DMT yatsopano kwambiri yoti iwonjezedwe pamsika ndipo FDA idavomerezedwa mu Marichi 2020.

Ngakhale chithandizo chatsopano chavomerezedwa, mankhwala ena achotsedwa m'mashelefu a mankhwala.

Mu Marichi 2018, daclizumab (Zinbryta) adachotsedwa m'misika padziko lonse lapansi. Mankhwalawa salinso ochiza MS.

Mankhwala oyesera

Mankhwala ena angapo akugwira ntchito kudzera paapaipi yofufuzira. Kafukufuku waposachedwa, ena mwa mankhwalawa asonyeza lonjezo lakuchiza MS.

Mwachitsanzo:

• Zotsatira zakuyesa kwatsopano kwachiwiri kwa zamankhwala zikusonyeza kuti ibudilast itha kuthandizira kuchepetsa kupunduka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za mankhwalawa, wopanga akukonzekera kuyesa gawo lazachipatala lachitatu.
• Zotsatira za kafukufuku wocheperako wofalitsidwa mu 2017 zikusonyeza kuti clemastine fumarate itha kuthandiza kubwezeretsa zokutira zoteteza kuzungulira mitsempha mwa anthu omwe abwereranso ndi MS. Antihistamine yapakamwa imapezeka pakadali pano koma osati pamlingo wogwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa matenda. Kafufuzidwe kafukufuku amafunika kuti aphunzire zaubwino wake komanso zoopsa zake pochiza MS.

Awa ndi ochepa chabe azithandizo zomwe zikuphunziridwa pano. Kuti mudziwe zamayesero azachipatala aposachedwa komanso amtsogolo a MS, pitani ku ClinicalTrials.gov.

Njira zoyendetsedwa ndi deta kuti athe kulandira chithandizo

Tithokoze pakupanga mankhwala atsopano a MS, anthu ali ndi njira zambiri zokuthandizira posankha chithandizo chamankhwala.

Pofuna kuwongolera zisankho zawo, asayansi akugwiritsa ntchito nkhokwe zazikulu ndi zowerengera kuti athe kupeza njira zamankhwala zamankhwala osiyanasiyana, inatero Multiple Sclerosis Association of America.

Pomaliza, kafukufukuyu atha kuthandiza odwala ndi madotolo kuti adziwe mankhwala omwe angawathandize.

Kupita patsogolo pakufufuza zamtundu

Kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zimayambitsa MS, ma genetic ndi asayansi ena akuphatikiza ma genome amunthu kuti adziwe.

Mamembala a International MS Genetics Consortium apeza mitundu yoposa 200 yokhudzana ndi majini yokhudzana ndi MS. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku waposachedwa adazindikira majini anayi atsopano olumikizidwa ndi vutoli.

Potsirizira pake, zotsatira ngati izi zitha kuthandiza asayansi kupanga njira zatsopano ndi zida zolosera, kupewa, ndi kuchiza MS.

Kafukufuku wamatumbo microbiome

M'zaka zaposachedwa, asayansi ayambanso kuphunzira momwe mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono titha kugwira ndikukula kwa MS. Gulu la mabakiteriya limatchedwa gut gut microbiome.

Si mabakiteriya onse omwe ndi owopsa. M'malo mwake, mabakiteriya ambiri "ochezeka" amakhala m'matupi mwathu ndikuthandizira kuwongolera chitetezo chathu.

Mabakiteriya atatsala pang'ono kutha, zimatha kubweretsa kutupa. Izi zitha kuthandizira kukulitsa matenda amthupi okha, kuphatikiza MS.

Kufufuza m'matumbo microbiome kungathandize asayansi kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake anthu amapangira MS. Zitha kupanganso njira zatsopano zamankhwala, kuphatikiza zakudya ndi njira zina zochiritsira.

Kutenga

Asayansi akupitilizabe kuzindikira zatsopano pazomwe zimawopsa komanso zomwe zimayambitsa MS komanso njira zamankhwala zothandizira.

Mankhwala atsopano avomerezedwa m'zaka zaposachedwa. Ena awonetsa lonjezo m'mayesero azachipatala.

Kupititsa patsogolo uku kukuthandizira kukonza thanzi la anthu ambiri omwe amakhala ndi vutoli kwinaku akulimbikitsa chiyembekezo choti atha kuchiritsidwa.