Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a jaundice mwa akulu komanso momwe angathandizire

Zamkati

• Zomwe zimayambitsa
• Momwe mungadziwire
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Jaundice imadziwika ndi mtundu wachikaso pakhungu, mamina ndi gawo loyera la maso, lotchedwa sclerae, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa bilirubin m'magazi, mtundu wachikaso womwe umadza chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo ofiira amwazi.

Matenda a jaundice mwa achikulire nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda omwe amakhudza chiwindi, monga chiwindi, kutsekeka kwamitsempha ya bile, monga mwala, kapena matenda omwe amawononga maselo ofiira, monga sickle cell anemia kapena spherocytosis, ya Mwachitsanzo. Mwa ana obadwa kumene, chifukwa chofala kwambiri ndi jaundice ya thupi, yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kukhwima kwa chiwindi. Onani zomwe zimayambitsa komanso momwe mungachiritse matenda a chikasu a khanda.

Chithandizo chimachitika molingana ndi chifukwa chake, ndipo chitha kuphatikizira chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana ndi maantibayotiki, kuchotsa ma ndulu pochita opareshoni kapena njira zothanirana ndi matenda a chiwindi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa

Bilirubin ndi mtundu wachikasu womwe umatuluka chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwama cell ofiira, kupukusidwa ndi kuchotsedwa ndi chiwindi, limodzi ndi bile, kudzera m'matumbo, ndowe ndi mkodzo. Jaundice imatha kuchitika pakakhala zosintha panthawi iliyonse yazopangazi mpaka kuthetsedwa.

Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa bilirubin m'magazi kumatha kuchitika pazifukwa zazikulu 4:

• Kuchuluka chiwonongeko cha maselo ofiira, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda amwazi monga sickle cell anemia, spherocytosis kapena ma hemolytic anemias, kapena matenda opatsirana monga malungo;
• Chiwindi chimasintha zomwe zimalepheretsa kutenga bilirubin m'magazi kapena kupukusira mtundu wa pigment, chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi, zoyipa zamankhwala ena, monga Rifampicin, kusala kudya kwakanthawi, uchidakwa, kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena matenda amtundu monga Gilbert's syndrome kapena Crigler-Najjar syndrome;
• Kusintha kwa madontho a bile mkati kapena kunja kwa chiwindi, chotchedwa cholestatic kapena obstundic jaundice, chomwe chimalepheretsa kuchotsedwa kwa bilirubin limodzi ndi ndulu, chifukwa chamiyala, kuchepa kapena zotupa m'matope a bile, matenda omwe amadzitchinjiriza monga primary biliary cholangitis, kapena matenda obadwa nawo monga syndrome Dubin -Johnson;
• Zochitika zina zomwe zimasokoneza magawo angapo am'magazi a bilirubin metabolism, monga matenda opatsirana, chiwindi cha chiwindi, hepatitis kapena neonatal jaundice.

Kuwonjezeka kwa bilirubin kumatha kukhala kwamitundu iwiri, yotchedwa bilirubin yosalunjika, yomwe ndi bilirubin yaulere, kapena bilirubin yowongoka, ikakhala kuti yasintha kale m'chiwindi, yotchedwa conjugation, kuti ichotsedwe limodzi ndi bile kudzera m'matumbo.

Momwe mungadziwire

Mtundu wachikasu pakhungu ndi zotupa mu jaundice nthawi zambiri zimawoneka milingo ya bilirubin m'magazi idutsa 3 mg / dL. Mvetsetsani momwe mungadziwire bilirubin yayikulu pakuyesa magazi.

Itha kutsatana ndi zizindikilo zina, monga mkodzo wamdima, wotchedwa choluria, kapena ndowe zoyera, zotchedwa fecal acolia, zomwe zimachitika makamaka pakakhala kuwonjezeka kwa bilirubin. Makhalidwe apamwamba a pigment iyi m'magazi amatha kukwiyitsa khungu, lomwe limayambitsa kuyabwa kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, zisonyezo zomwe zimayambitsa chifukwa cha jaundice zitha kukhalaponso, monga kupweteka m'mimba ndi kusanza kwa hepatitis, pallor ndi kutopa m'matenda omwe amawononga maselo ofiira a magazi kapena malungo ndi kuzizira pakagwidwa matenda, mwachitsanzo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Pofuna kuchiza matenda a jaundice, m'pofunika kuchiza matenda omwe adayambitsa kuyambika. Nthawi zambiri, chithandizochi chimayendetsedwa ndi gastroenterologist, hepatologist kapena hematologist, ndipo chingaphatikizepo njira zotsegulira ma ducts, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala olimbana ndi matenda, kusokonezedwa kwa mankhwala oopsa pachiwindi kapena ma immunosuppressants kuti athetse matenda omwe amachititsa hemolysis, mwachitsanzo.

Dokotala amathanso kuwongolera njira zodzitetezera, monga kumwa madzi ambiri ndikuchepetsa kumwa zakudya zamafuta kuti musavutike m'mimba. Pofuna kuwongolera kuyabwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha bilirubin yochulukirapo, mankhwala monga antihistamines kapena cholestyramine amatha kuwonetsedwa.