Mafupa

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro
• Zoyambitsa
• Njira zothandizira
• Zogwirizana
• Mtima kulephera
• Matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD)
• Edema ya m'mapapo
• Chiwonetsero

Chidule

Orthopnea ndi kupuma pang'ono kapena kupuma movutikira mukamagona. Amachokera ku mawu achi Greek akuti "ortho," omwe amatanthauza owongoka kapena owongoka, ndi "pnea," omwe amatanthauza "kupuma."

Ngati muli ndi chizindikirochi, kupuma kwanu kudzagwira ntchito mukamagona. Iyenera kusintha mukangokhala tsonga kapena kuyimirira.

Nthaŵi zambiri, matenda a mafupa ndi chizindikiro cha kulephera kwa mtima.

Orthopnea ndiyosiyana ndi dyspnea, yomwe imavutika kupuma nthawi yopanda zovuta. Ngati muli ndi dyspnea, mumamva ngati mulibe mpweya kapena mumavutika kupuma, mosasamala kanthu za zomwe mukuchita kapena malo omwe muli.

Kusiyana kwina pa chizindikiro ichi ndi monga:

• Platypnea. Matendawa amayambitsa kupuma movutikira mukaimirira.
• Trepopnea. Matendawa amayambitsa kupuma movutikira mukagona chammbali.

Zizindikiro

Orthopnea ndi chizindikiro. Mukumva kupuma movutikira mukamagona pansi. Kukhala pampando umodzi kapena umodzi pamapilo kumakuthandizani kupuma bwino.

Ndi mapilo angati omwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito omwe angauze dokotala za kuuma kwa mafupa anu. Mwachitsanzo, "mafupa atatu a mafupa" amatanthauza kuti orthopnea yanu ndi yolimba kwambiri.

Zoyambitsa

Orthopnea imayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mitsempha m'mapapu anu. Mukagona, magazi amatuluka m'miyendo yanu kubwerera kumtima kenako kumapapu anu. Mwa anthu athanzi, kugawa magazi kumeneku sikuyambitsa mavuto.

Koma ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima kapena kulephera kwa mtima, mtima wanu sungakhale wolimba kutulutsa magazi owonjezerawo kuchokera mumtima. Izi zitha kuwonjezera kukakamiza m'mitsempha ndi ma capillaries mkati mwa mapapu anu, ndikupangitsa kuti madzi azituluka m'mapapu. Madzi owonjezerawo ndi omwe amalephera kupuma.

Nthawi zina anthu omwe ali ndi matenda am'mapapo amapeza mafupa - makamaka mapapu awo akamatulutsa ntchofu. Zimakhala zovuta kuti mapapu anu athetse mamina mukamagona pansi.

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a orthopnea ndi izi:

• madzimadzi owonjezera m'mapapu (m'mapapo mwanga edema)
• chibayo chachikulu
• kunenepa kwambiri
• madzimadzi ozungulira mapapo (pleural effusion)
• madzi mumimba (ascites)
• zakufa zakufa

Njira zothandizira

Kuti muchepetse kupuma pang'ono, zithandizireni kulimbana ndi mapilo amodzi kapena angapo. Izi ziyenera kukuthandizani kupuma mosavuta. Mwinanso mungafunike oxygen yowonjezera, kaya kunyumba kapena kuchipatala.

Dokotala wanu atazindikira chifukwa cha matenda anu, mudzalandira chithandizo. Madokotala amachiza kulephera kwa mtima ndi mankhwala, opareshoni, ndi zida.

Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa mafupa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima ndi awa:

• Okodzetsa. Mankhwalawa amaletsa madzimadzi kukula mthupi lanu. Mankhwala monga furosemide (Lasix) amaletsa madzimadzi kukula m'mapapu anu.
• Angiotensin otembenuza enzyme (ACE) zoletsa. Mankhwalawa amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima wamanzere. Amathandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuletsa mtima kuti usamagwire ntchito molimbika. ACE inhibitors ndi monga captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), ndi lisinopril (Zestril).
• Beta-blockers amalimbikitsidwanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima. Kutengera kukula kwa mtima wanu, pali mankhwala ena omwe dokotala wanu angakupatseninso.

Ngati muli ndi Matenda Owononga Matenda Osiyanasiyana (COPD), dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala omwe amatsitsimutsa mpweya komanso amachepetsa kutupa m'mapapu. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• bronchodilators monga albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA), ipratropium (Atrovent), salmeterol (Serevent), ndi tiotropium (Spiriva)
• mankhwala osakaniza monga budesonide (Pulmicort Flexhaler, Uceris), fluticasone (Flovent HFA, Flonase)
• kuphatikiza kwa ma bronchodilators ndi ma inhaled steroids, monga formoterol ndi budesonide (Symbicort) ndi salmeterol ndi fluticasone (Advair)

Mwinanso mungafunike oxygen yowonjezera kuti ikuthandizeni kupuma mukamagona.

Zogwirizana

Orthopnea ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:

Mtima kulephera

Izi zimachitika pomwe mtima wanu sungathe kupopera magazi mthupi lanu lonse. Amatchedwanso congestive mtima kulephera. Nthawi zonse mukamagona, magazi ambiri amatuluka m'mapapu anu. Ngati mtima wanu wofooka sungakankhire magaziwo kunja kwa thupi lonse, kupsyinjika kumakula mkati mwa mapapu anu ndikupangitsa kupuma pang'ono.

Nthawi zambiri chizindikiro ichi sichimayamba mpaka maola angapo mutagona.

Matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD)

COPD ndichophatikiza cha matenda am'mapapo omwe amaphatikizapo emphysema ndi bronchitis yanthawi yayitali. Zimayambitsa kupuma pang'ono, kutsokomola, kupumira, komanso chifuwa. Mosiyana ndi kulephera kwa mtima, orthopnea yochokera ku COPD imayamba nthawi yomweyo mutagona.

Edema ya m'mapapo

Vutoli limayamba chifukwa chamadzimadzi ambiri m'mapapu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma. Kupuma pang'ono kumakulirakulira mukamagona pansi. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachokera ku kulephera kwa mtima.

Chiwonetsero

Maganizo anu amatengera chikhalidwe chomwe chikuyambitsa matenda anu a m'mimba, momwe matendawa alili oopsa, komanso momwe amathandizira. Mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena amatha kuthandizira kuthetsa mafupa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, monga kulephera kwa mtima ndi COPD.