Pemphigus: chimene chiri, mitundu ikuluikulu, zimayambitsa ndi mankhwala

Zamkati

• Zomwe zingayambitse pemphigus
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Pemphigus ndi matenda osowa m'thupi omwe amadziwika ndi mapangidwe a matuza ofewa, omwe amaphulika mosavuta ndipo samachiritsa. Nthawi zambiri, thovu limapezeka pakhungu, koma limakhudzanso mamina am'mimba, monga kulowa pakamwa, maso, mphuno, pakhosi komanso malo apamtima.

Kutengera mtundu ndi momwe zimayambira, pemphigus imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu ingapo, monga:

• Pemphigus vulgaris: ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri, momwe matuza amawonekera pakhungu ndi pakamwa. Zotupa zimayambitsa kupweteka ndipo zimatha kutha, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala mawanga akuda omwe amakhala miyezi ingapo;
• Wopanda pemphigus: thovu lolimba komanso lakuya limatuluka lomwe silimatuluka mosavuta, ndipo limafikira achikulire pafupipafupi. Dziwani zambiri zamtundu wa pemphigus;
• Pemphigus wamasamba: ndi mtundu wabwino wa pemphigus vulgaris, womwe umadziwika ndi zotupa m'mimba, mkwapu kapena malo apamtima;
• Pemphigus foliaceus: ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri m'malo otentha, wodziwika ndi mawonekedwe a mabala kapena zotupa, zomwe sizopweteka, zomwe zimawonekera koyamba kumaso ndi khungu, koma zomwe zimatha kufikira pachifuwa ndi malo ena;

• Pemphigus erythematosus: ndi mtundu wabwino wa pemphigus foliaceus, womwe umadziwika ndi matuza okhwima pamutu ndi nkhope, omwe amatha kusokonezeka ndi seborrheic dermatitis kapena lupus erythematosus;

  
  
• Paraneoplastic pemphigus: Ndiwo mtundu wosowa kwambiri, chifukwa umalumikizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya khansa monga ma lymphomas kapena leukemias.

Ngakhale ndizofala kwambiri kwa akulu ndi okalamba, pemphigus imatha kuwonekera pamisinkhu iliyonse. Matendawa sakhala opatsirana ndipo ali ndi mankhwala, koma mankhwala ake, opangidwa ndi corticosteroid ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, operekedwa ndi dermatologist, amatha miyezi ingapo kapena zaka zingapo kuti matendawa alandiridwe.

Zomwe zingayambitse pemphigus

Pemphigus amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti thupi lipange ma antibodies omwe amalimbana ndi maselo athanzi pakhungu ndi mamina. Ngakhale zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kumeneku sizikudziwika, zimadziwika kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena othamanga magazi kumatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo, zomwe zimazimiririka mankhwalawo akamalizidwa.

Chifukwa chake, pemphigus siyopatsirana, chifukwa siyimayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo kapena bakiteriya. Komabe, ngati zilonda zamatuza zitenga kachilomboka, ndizotheka kupatsira mabakiteriyawa kwa munthu wina yemwe amakumana ndi mabalawo, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa khungu.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Kuchiza kwa pemphigus kumachitika nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe dokotala watiuza, monga:

• Corticosteroids, monga Prednisone kapena Hydrocortisone: amagwiritsidwa ntchito pemphigus ochepetsetsa kuti athetse matenda. Mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupitilira sabata limodzi motsatizana;
• Odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana, monga Azathioprine kapena Mycophenolate: amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kuchititsa kuti chisalimbane ndi maselo athanzi. Komabe, pochepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, pali mwayi waukulu wopatsirana ndipo, chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta kwambiri;
• Maantibayotiki, antifungal kapena antiviral: amagwiritsidwa ntchito mtundu wina wa matenda ukapezeka m'mabala omwe mabelita amatuluka.

Mankhwalawa amachitika kunyumba ndipo amatha miyezi ingapo kapena zaka, kutengera thupi la wodwalayo komanso mtundu wa pemphigus.

Milandu yowopsa kwambiri, momwe matenda am'matumbo amachitika, mwachitsanzo, kungakhale kofunikira kukhala mchipatala masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo, kupanga mankhwala mwachindunji mumtsempha ndikupanga chithandizo choyenera cha mabala omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.