Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Zizindikiro, Zoyambitsa, ndi Chithandizo

Zamkati

• PCOS ndi chiyani?
• Zimayambitsa chiyani?
• Chibadwa
• Kukaniza kwa insulin
• Kutupa
• Zizindikiro zodziwika za PCOS
• Momwe PCOS imakhudzira thupi lanu
• Kusabereka
• Matenda amadzimadzi
• Kugonana
• Khansa ya Endometrial
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Momwe PCOS imadziwira
• Mimba ndi PCOS
• Zakudya komanso malangizo amachitidwe othandizira PCOS
• Mankhwala ochiritsira
• Kulera
• Metformin
• Clomiphene
• Mankhwala ochotsa tsitsi
• Opaleshoni
• Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala
• Mfundo yofunika

Chiyambi

Matenda a Polycystic ovary (PCOS) ndimavuto omwe amakhudza mahomoni azimayi.

Amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS amatulutsa mahomoni achimuna okwera kuposa nthawi zonse. Kusamvana kwa mahomoni kumeneku kumawapangitsa kuti asadutse msambo ndipo zimawapangitsa kukhala zovuta kuti atenge mimba.

PCOS imayambitsanso kukula kwa nkhope ndi thupi, ndi dazi. Ndipo zitha kuthandizira pamavuto ataliatali monga matenda ashuga ndi matenda amtima.

Mapiritsi oletsa kubereka ndi mankhwala ashuga atha kuthandizira kukonza kusamvana kwa mahomoni ndikuwonjezera zizindikiritso.

Werengani kuti muwone zomwe zimayambitsa PCOS ndi zomwe zimakhudza thupi la mkazi.

PCOS ndi chiyani?

PCOS ndi vuto la mahomoni omwe amakhudza amayi pazaka zawo zobereka (zaka 15 mpaka 44). Pakati pa 2.2 ndi 26.7 peresenti ya azimayi azaka zino ali ndi PCOS (1,).

Amayi ambiri ali ndi PCOS koma samadziwa. Pakafukufuku wina, mpaka azimayi 70 pa 100 aliwonse omwe ali ndi PCOS anali asanazindikiridwe ().

PCOS imakhudza thumba losunga mazira la mkazi, ziwalo zoberekera zomwe zimatulutsa estrogen ndi progesterone - mahomoni omwe amayendetsa msambo. M`mimba mwake mumatulutsanso timadzi tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatchedwa ma androgen.

Thumba losunga mazira limatulutsa mazira kuti adzadzidwe ndi umuna wa mwamuna. Kutuluka kwa dzira mwezi uliwonse kumatchedwa ovulation.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ndi luteinizing hormone (LH) yoteteza ovulation. FSH imathandizira ovary kuti ipange follicle - thumba lomwe lili ndi dzira - kenako LH imapangitsa ovary kuti izitulutsa dzira lokhwima.

PCOS ndi "matenda," kapena gulu lazizindikiro zomwe zimakhudza thumba losunga mazira ndi ovulation. Makhalidwe ake atatu ndi awa:

• zotupa m'mimba mwake
• kuchuluka kwa mahomoni achimuna
• nthawi zosasinthasintha kapena zodumpha

Mu PCOS, matumba ambiri ang'onoang'ono, odzaza ndi madzi amakula mkati mwa mazira. Mawu oti "polycystic" amatanthauza "zotupa zambiri."

Masaka amenewa alidi follicles, iliyonse imakhala ndi dzira losakhwima. Mazirawo samakhwima mokwanira kuti ayambitse ovulation.

Kuperewera kwa ovulation kumasintha magawo a estrogen, progesterone, FSH, ndi LH. Estrogen ndi progesterone amakhala otsika kuposa masiku onse, pomwe mayendedwe a androgen ndiokwera kuposa masiku onse.

Mahomoni owonjezera amphongo amasokoneza msambo, chifukwa chake amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS amatenga nthawi zochepa kuposa masiku onse.

PCOS si mkhalidwe watsopano. Dokotala waku Italiya a Antonio Vallisneri adafotokoza zoyamba zawo mu 1721 ().

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) imakhudza pafupifupi 27% ya azimayi ali ndi zaka zobereka (4). Zimakhudzanso zotupa m'mimba mwake, mahomoni achimuna okwanira, komanso nyengo zosasinthasintha.

Zimayambitsa chiyani?

Madokotala sakudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa PCOS. Amakhulupirira kuti mahomoni achimuna ambiri amalepheretsa thumba losunga mazira kutulutsa mahomoni ndikupanga mazira mwachizolowezi.

Chibadwa, kukana kwa insulin, ndi kutupa zonse zimalumikizidwa ndikupanga mopitilira muyeso wa androgen.

Chibadwa

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti PCOS imayenda m'mabanja (5).

Zotheka kuti majini ambiri - osati amodzi okha - amathandizira kuti izi zitheke (6).

Kukaniza kwa insulin

Kufikira 70 peresenti ya azimayi omwe ali ndi PCOS amakhala ndi insulini yolimbana, kutanthauza kuti maselo awo sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito insulini moyenera ().

Insulini ndi timadzi timene timapangidwa ndi kapamba kuti tithandizire thupi kugwiritsa ntchito shuga wazakudya zamphamvu.

Maselo akamagwiritsa ntchito insulini moyenera, thupi limafunikira insulin. Mphunoyi imapangitsa insulini yambiri kulipirira. Insulini yowonjezera imayambitsa mazira ochuluka kuti apange mahomoni amphongo ambiri.

Kunenepa kwambiri ndiko chifukwa chachikulu cha kukana kwa insulin. Kunenepa kwambiri komanso kukana kwa insulin kumatha kukulitsa chiopsezo cha mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga (8).

Kutupa

Azimayi omwe ali ndi PCOS nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zotupa zambiri mthupi lawo. Kulemera kwambiri kumathandizanso kutupa. Kafukufuku adalumikiza kutupa kwakukulu ndi milingo yayikulu ya androgen ().

Madokotala sakudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa PCOS. Amakhulupirira kuti zimachokera kuzinthu monga majini, insulini kukana, komanso kuchuluka kwa kutupa mthupi.

Zizindikiro zodziwika za PCOS

Amayi ena amayamba kuwona zizindikilo mozungulira nthawi yawo yoyamba. Ena amangopeza kuti ali ndi PCOS atakhala olemera kwambiri kapena akhala ndi vuto lokhala ndi pakati.

Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za PCOS ndi izi:

• Nthawi zosasintha. Kuperewera kwa ovulation kumalepheretsa kutsekemera kwa chiberekero kutaya mwezi uliwonse. Amayi ena omwe ali ndi PCOS amakhala ochepera kasanu ndi kasanu pachaka ().
• Kutaya magazi kwambiri. Kulumikizana kwa chiberekero kumamangika kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake nthawi zomwe mumapeza zitha kukhala zolemetsa kuposa nthawi zonse.
• Kukula kwa tsitsi. Oposa 70 peresenti ya azimayi omwe ali ndi vutoli amakula tsitsi kumaso ndi matupi - kuphatikiza kumbuyo, pamimba, ndi pachifuwa (11). Kukula kwakukulu kwa tsitsi kumatchedwa hirsutism.
• Ziphuphu. Mahomoni achimuna amatha kupangitsa khungu kukhala lolemera kuposa masiku onse ndikupangitsa kutuluka m'malo monga nkhope, chifuwa, komanso kumbuyo kumbuyo.
• Kulemera. Azimayi 80 pa 100 aliwonse omwe ali ndi PCOS ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri (11).
• Dazi la amuna. Tsitsi lakumutu limayamba kuchepa ndikuthothoka.
• Mdima wa khungu. Magulu akhungu amatha kupanga matupi amtundu ngati omwe ali pakhosi, m'mimba, komanso pansi pa mabere.
• · Kupweteka mutu. Kusintha kwa mahomoni kumatha kubweretsa mutu mwa amayi ena.

PCOS ingasokoneze kusamba, kumabweretsa nthawi zochepa. Ziphuphu, kukula kwa tsitsi, kunenepa, komanso zigamba zakuda ndi zina mwazizindikiro za matendawa.

Momwe PCOS imakhudzira thupi lanu

Kukhala ndi mulingo woposa wabwinobwino wa androgen kumatha kukhudza kubereka kwanu komanso mbali zina za thanzi lanu.

Kusabereka

Kuti mukhale ndi pakati, muyenera kutulutsa mazira. Amayi omwe satulutsa mazira pafupipafupi samamasula mazira ochulukirapo kuti akhale ndi umuna. PCOS ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kusabereka kwa azimayi (12).

Matenda amadzimadzi

Azimayi 80 pa 100 aliwonse omwe ali ndi PCOS ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri (). Kunenepa kwambiri ndi PCOS kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha shuga wambiri wamagazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol chochepa cha HDL ("chabwino"), ndi cholesterol "L" yoyipa ya LDL ("yoyipa").

Pamodzi, izi zimatchedwa metabolic syndrome, ndipo zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda amtima, matenda ashuga, ndi sitiroko.

Kugonana

Vutoli limapumira mobwerezabwereza popuma usiku, zomwe zimasokoneza tulo.

Kugonana kumafala kwambiri mwa amayi omwe ali onenepa kwambiri - makamaka ngati ali ndi PCOS. Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la kugona ndi nthawi 5 mpaka 10 kuposa azimayi onenepa omwe ali ndi PCOS kuposa omwe alibe PCOS (14).

Khansa ya Endometrial

Pakati pa kuyamwa, chiberekero chimayala. Ngati simutulutsa dzira mwezi uliwonse, mzere ukhoza kukulirakulira.

Chingwe cholimba cha chiberekero chitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ya endometrial (15).

Matenda okhumudwa

Kusintha kwa mahomoni komanso zizindikilo monga kukula kwa tsitsi losafunikira kumatha kukukhudzani. Ambiri omwe ali ndi PCOS amatha kukhala ndi nkhawa komanso nkhawa (16).

Kusamvana kwa mahomoni kumatha kukhudza thanzi la mkazi m'njira zambiri. PCOS ikhoza kuonjezera chiopsezo cha kusabereka, matenda amadzimadzi, kugona tulo, khansa ya endometrial, ndi kukhumudwa.

Momwe PCOS imadziwira

Madokotala amadziwika kuti ali ndi PCOS mwa amayi omwe ali ndi zizindikiro ziwiri ():

• milingo yayikulu ya androgen
• kusamba kosasamba nthawi zonse
• zotupa m'mimba mwake

Dokotala wanu akuyeneranso kufunsa ngati mwakhala ndi zizindikiro monga ziphuphu, kukula kwa tsitsi ndi thupi, komanso kunenepa.

A m'chiuno mayeso mutha kuyang'ana zovuta zilizonse ndi mazira anu kapena ziwalo zina zoberekera zanu. Mukamayesa izi, dokotala wanu amalowetsa zala zanu kumaliseche kwanu ndikufufuza zophuka zilizonse m'mimba mwanu.

Kuyesa magazi fufuzani kuchuluka kwa mahomoni achimuna kuposa akazi onse. Muthanso kuyesa magazi kuti muwone cholesterol, insulini, ndi milingo ya triglyceride kuti muwone kuwopsa kwanu kwa matenda ena a mtima ndi matenda ashuga.

An akupanga imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde akumveka kuti ayang'ane ma follicles osazolowereka ndi mavuto ena m'mimba mwanu ndi chiberekero.

Madokotala amatenga PCOS ngati azimayi ali ndi zizindikiro zosachepera ziwiri mwazikulu - milingo yayikulu ya androgen, nthawi zosasinthasintha, ndi zotupa m'mimba mwake. Kuyezetsa magazi m'thupi, kuyezetsa magazi, ndi ultrasound kungatsimikizire matendawa.

Mimba ndi PCOS

PCOS imasokoneza msambo komanso zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutenga pakati. Pakati pa 70 ndi 80 peresenti ya azimayi omwe ali ndi PCOS amakhala ndi zovuta zobereka ().

Matendawa amathanso kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta zapakati.

Azimayi omwe ali ndi PCOS ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri kuposa azimayi omwe alibe vuto lobereka mwana wawo asanakwane. Amakhalanso pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga padera, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso matenda ashuga (19).

Komabe, amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS amatha kutenga pakati pogwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimapangitsa kuti ovulation ayambe kuyenda bwino. Kuchepetsa thupi ndikuchepetsa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukupangitsani kukhala ndi pakati.

PCOS itha kukupangitsani kukhala kovuta kutenga pakati, ndipo kumatha kuonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi zovuta pathupi komanso padera. Kuchepetsa thupi ndi mankhwala ena kungakuthandizeni kukhala ndi pakati.

Zakudya komanso malangizo amachitidwe othandizira PCOS

Chithandizo cha PCOS nthawi zambiri chimayamba ndikusintha kwa moyo monga kuchepa thupi, zakudya, ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kutaya 5 mpaka 10 peresenti yolemera thupi lanu kumatha kuthandizira kusintha msambo ndikuthandizira kusintha kwa PCOS (11,). Kuchepetsa thupi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi, kuchepetsa insulin, komanso kuchepetsa matenda amtima ndi matenda ashuga.

Zakudya zilizonse zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse thupi zitha kuthandiza matenda anu. Komabe, zakudya zina zitha kukhala ndi zabwino kuposa zina.

Kafukufuku woyerekeza zakudya za PCOS apeza kuti zakudya zopatsa mphamvu ndizothandiza kuti muchepetse thupi komanso kuti muchepetse insulin. Zakudya zochepa za glycemic index (low-GI) zomwe zimapatsa chakudya chambiri kuchokera ku zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu zonse zimathandizira kuyendetsa msambo bwino kuposa kudya pafupipafupi (21).

Kafukufuku wowerengeka apeza kuti mphindi 30 zolimbitsa thupi pang'ono osachepera masiku atatu pasabata zitha kuthandiza azimayi omwe ali ndi PCOS kuonda. Kuchepetsa thupi ndikulimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso kuti ovulation ayambe kuchuluka komanso insulin (22).

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kopindulitsa kwambiri mukaphatikiza zakudya zabwino. Kudya kuphatikiza masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakuthandizani kuti muchepetse kunenepa kuposa kuchitapo kanthu kokha, ndipo kumachepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda ashuga ndi matenda amtima ().

Pali umboni wina wosonyeza kuti kutema mphini kumatha kuthandizira kukonza PCOS, koma kafukufuku wina amafunika ().

Chithandizo cha PCOS chimayamba ndi kusintha kwa moyo monga zakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuchepetsa 5 mpaka 10 peresenti ya thupi lanu ngati mukulemera kwambiri kumatha kuthandizira kukonza zizindikilo zanu.

Mankhwala ochiritsira

Mapiritsi oletsa kubereka ndi mankhwala ena atha kuthandizira kuthana ndi msambo ndikuchiza zisonyezo za PCOS monga kukula kwa tsitsi ndi ziphuphu.

Kulera

Kutenga estrogen ndi progestin tsiku lililonse kumatha kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, kuwongolera ovulation, kuchepetsa zizindikilo monga kukula kwa tsitsi, komanso kuteteza khansa ya endometrial. Mahomoniwa amabwera mu mapiritsi, chigamba, kapena mphete ya amayi.

Metformin

Metformin (Glucophage, Fortamet) ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda amtundu wa 2. Imathandizanso PCOS pakukweza ma insulin.

Kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti kutenga metformin posintha zakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kuchepa thupi, kumachepetsa shuga wamagazi, ndikubwezeretsanso msambo bwino kuposa kusintha kwa zakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi nokha (25).

Clomiphene

Clomiphene (Clomid) ndi mankhwala obereketsa omwe angathandize amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS kutenga pakati. Komabe, zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha mapasa ndi kubadwa kwina kosiyanasiyana (26).

Mankhwala ochotsa tsitsi

Mankhwala ochepa angathandize kuchotsa tsitsi losafunikira kapena kuletsa kukula. Kirimu wa Eflornithine (Vaniqa) ndi mankhwala omwe amachedwetsa kukula kwa tsitsi. Kuchotsa tsitsi kwa laser ndi electrolysis kumatha kuchotsa tsitsi losafunikira pamaso ndi thupi lanu.

Opaleshoni

Opaleshoni itha kukhala njira yosinthira chonde ngati mankhwala ena sakugwira ntchito. Ovarian pobowola ndi njira yomwe imapanga timabowo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi laser kapena sing'anga yotenthetsera singano kuti ibwezeretse ovulation.

Mapiritsi oletsa kubereka ndi mankhwala a shuga metformin amatha kuthandiza kubweretsanso msambo. Clomiphene ndi opareshoni zimathandizira kubereka kwa amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS. Mankhwala ochotsa tsitsi amatha kuchotsa azimayi osafunika.

Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala

Onani dokotala wanu ngati:

• Mwasowa nthawi ndipo simuli ndi pakati.
• Muli ndi zizindikiro za PCOS, monga kukula kwa tsitsi pankhope panu ndi thupi lanu.
• Mwakhala mukuyesera kutenga pakati kwa miyezi yopitilira 12 koma simunachite bwino.
• Muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga, monga ludzu kwambiri kapena njala, kusawona bwino, kapena kuwonda kosadziwika.

Ngati muli ndi PCOS, konzekerani kuyendera pafupipafupi ndi dokotala wanu wamkulu. Mufunika kuyesedwa pafupipafupi kuti muwone ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zovuta zina zomwe zingachitike.

Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi PCOS yanu ndipo mulibe kale endocrinologist, mutha kuwona madotolo m'dera lanu kudzera pazida za Healthline FindCare.

Onani dokotala wanu ngati mwadumpha nthawi kapena muli ndi zizindikiro zina za PCOS monga kukula kwa tsitsi pankhope panu kapena thupi lanu. Onaninso dokotala ngati mwakhala mukuyesera kutenga pakati kwa miyezi 12 kapena kupitilira apo osapambana.

Mfundo yofunika

PCOS ikhoza kusokoneza mayendedwe azimayi kusamba ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutenga pakati. Mulingo wokwera wama mahomoni amphongo umayambitsanso zizindikilo zosafunikira monga kukula kwa tsitsi kumaso ndi thupi.

Njira zamoyo ndizo mankhwala oyamba omwe madokotala amalimbikitsira PCOS, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito bwino. Kuchepetsa thupi kumatha kuthana ndi zovuta za PCOS ndikuthandizira kukhala ndi pakati. Zakudya zolimbitsa thupi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi njira ziwiri zothandiza kuti muchepetse kunenepa.

Mankhwala ndi njira yosinthira ngati kusintha kwamachitidwe sikugwira ntchito. Mapiritsi oletsa kubereka ndi metformin amatha kubwezeretsa nthawi zonse kusamba ndikuchepetsa zizindikiritso za PCOS.