Khansa ya Mphuno Yam'mimba

Zamkati

• Kodi chimayambitsa renal cell carcinoma ndi chiyani?
• Zizindikiro za aimpso cell carcinoma
• Kodi renal cell carcinoma imapezeka bwanji?
• Mankhwala a renal cell carcinoma
• Maonekedwe atatulukira RCC

Kodi renal cell carcinoma ndi chiyani?

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) amatchedwanso hypernephroma, renal adenocarcinoma, kapena khansa ya impso kapena impso. Ndi khansa ya impso yofala kwambiri yomwe imapezeka mwa akuluakulu.

Impso ndi ziwalo m'thupi lanu zomwe zimathandiza kutaya zinyalala komanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi. Pali timachubu ting'onoting'ono ta impso zotchedwa ma tubules. Izi zimathandiza kusefa magazi, kuthandizira kutulutsa zinyalala, komanso kuthandizira kupanga mkodzo. RCC imachitika pomwe maselo a khansa amayamba kukula mosasunthika m'kati mwa ma tubules a impso.

RCC ndi khansa yomwe ikukula mwachangu ndipo nthawi zambiri imafalikira m'mapapu ndi ziwalo zozungulira.

Kodi chimayambitsa renal cell carcinoma ndi chiyani?

Akatswiri azachipatala sakudziwa chifukwa chenicheni cha RCC. Amapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna azaka zapakati pa 50 ndi 70 koma amatha kupezeka mwa aliyense.

Pali zifukwa zina zoopsa za matendawa, kuphatikizapo:

• mbiri ya banja la RCC
• chithandizo cha dialysis
• matenda oopsa
• kunenepa kwambiri
• kusuta ndudu
• matenda a impso a polycystic (matenda obadwa nawo omwe amachititsa kuti ma cysts apange impso)
• Matenda a Von Hippel-Lindau (omwe amadziwika ndi zotupa ndi zotupa m'matumba osiyanasiyana)
• kuzunza kwamankhwala ena oyenera kapena owapatsa mankhwala monga nonsteroidal anti-yotupa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza nyamakazi, ndi mankhwala a malungo ndi kupweteka monga acetaminophen

Zizindikiro za aimpso cell carcinoma

RCC ikangoyamba kumene, odwala akhoza kukhala opanda chizindikiro. Matendawa akamakula, zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• chotupa m'mimba
• magazi mkodzo
• kuonda kosadziwika
• kusowa chilakolako
• kutopa
• mavuto a masomphenya
• kupweteka kosalekeza m'mbali
• Kukula kwambiri kwa tsitsi (mwa akazi)

Kodi renal cell carcinoma imapezeka bwanji?

Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti mutha kukhala ndi RCC, adzafunsa za mbiri yanu yazachipatala komanso yabanja. Kenako achita kuyezetsa thupi. Zotsatira zomwe zitha kuwonetsa RCC zimaphatikizira kutupa kapena zotupa m'mimba, kapena, mwa amuna, mitsempha yotukuka mu thumba la scrotal (varicocele).

Ngati mukukayikira kuti RCC, dokotala wanu adzaitanitsa mayeso angapo kuti adziwe bwinobwino. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu - kuyezetsa magazi kochitidwa mwakoka magazi m'manja mwanu ndikuwatumiza ku labu kuti akaunike
• Kujambula kwa CT - kuyesa komwe kumalola dokotala wanu kuyang'anitsitsa impso zanu kuti azindikire kukula kulikonse
• m'mimba ndi impso ultrasound - kuyesa komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde akumveka kuti apange chithunzi cha ziwalo zanu, kulola dokotala wanu kuti ayang'ane zotupa ndi mavuto mkati mwa mimba
• mkodzo kuyezetsa - mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire magazi mkodzo komanso kusanthula maselo mumkodzo kufunafuna umboni wa khansa
• kudandaula - kuchotsa kachidutswa kakang'ono ka impso, kochitidwa mwa kuyika singano mu chotupacho ndikutulutsa chotupa, chomwe chimatumizidwa ku labu yazachipatala kuti athetse kapena kutsimikizira kupezeka kwa khansa

Ngati mungapezeke kuti muli ndi RCC, mayeso ena adzachitika kuti mudziwe ngati khansayo yafalikira komanso komwe khansa yafalikira. Izi zimatchedwa staging. RCC yakonzedwa kuyambira gawo 1 mpaka gawo 4, kuti likule kwambiri. Kuyesa magawo kungaphatikizepo kuwunika kwa mafupa, kuwunika kwa PET, ndi X-ray pachifuwa.

Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi RCC ali ndi khansa yomwe yafalikira panthawi yodziwika.

Mankhwala a renal cell carcinoma

Pali mitundu isanu yamankhwala amtundu wa RCC. Chimodzi kapena zingapo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa yanu.

1. Opaleshoni Zitha kuphatikizira njira zosiyanasiyana. Pakati pa nephrectomy pang'ono, gawo la impso limachotsedwa. Pakati pa nephrectomy, impso zonse zimatha kuchotsedwa. Kutengera kuti matendawa afalikira pati, pamafunika opaleshoni yambiri kuti muchotse minofu, ma lymph node, ndi adrenal gland. Ichi ndi nephrectomy yopambana. Ngati impso zonse zichotsedwa, dialysis kapena kumuika ndikofunikira.
2. Thandizo la radiation zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray amphamvu kwambiri kupha ma cell a khansa. Poizoniyu atha kuperekedwa panja ndi makina kapena kuyikidwa mkati pogwiritsa ntchito njere kapena mawaya.
3. Chemotherapy amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kupha maselo a khansa. Itha kuperekedwa pakamwa kapena kudzera m'mitsempha, kutengera mankhwala omwe asankhidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawo adutse m'magazi ndikufikira ma cell a khansa omwe atha kufalikira mbali zina za thupi.
4. Thandizo la biologic, yotchedwanso kuti immunotherapy, imagwira ntchito ndi chitetezo cha mthupi lanu polimbana ndi khansa. Mavitamini kapena zinthu zopangidwa ndi thupi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza thupi lanu ku khansa.
5. Chithandizo chofuna ndi mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala a khansa. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi maselo ena a khansa popanda kuwononga maselo athanzi. Mankhwala ena amagwira ntchito pamitsempha yamagazi popewa magazi kutuluka chotupa, "kufa ndi njala" ndikuchepetsa.

Mayesero azachipatala ndi njira ina kwa odwala ena omwe ali ndi RCC. Mayesero azachipatala amayesa mankhwala atsopano kuti awone ngati ali othandiza kuthana ndi matendawa. Mukamayesa mlandu, mumayang'aniridwa kwambiri, ndipo mutha kusiya mayeserowo nthawi iliyonse. Lankhulani ndi gulu lanu lachipatala kuti muwone ngati kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi njira yabwino kwa inu.

Maonekedwe atatulukira RCC

Maganizo atapezeka ndi RCC zimadalira kwambiri ngati khansara yafalikira komanso kuti mankhwala ayambika bwanji posachedwa. Mwamsanga akagwidwa, mumakhala ndi mpata wokwanira wochira.

Ngati khansara yafalikira ku ziwalo zina, chiwerengerocho chimakhala chotsika kwambiri kuposa ngati chimagwidwa chisanayambike.

Malinga ndi National Cancer Institute, zaka zisanu zopulumuka za RCC ndizoposa 70 peresenti. Izi zikutanthauza kuti opitilira awiri mwa atatu mwa omwe amapezeka ndi RCC amakhala zaka zosachepera zisanu atawapeza.

Ngati khansayo yachiritsidwa kapena yathandizidwa, mungafunikire kukhala ndi zotsatira za matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zingaphatikizepo kugwidwa kwa impso.

Ngati kuthyola impso kwachitika, dialysis yayikulu imafunikira komanso chithandizo chamankhwala chamtsogolo.