Kukaniza kwa bakiteriya: ndi chiyani, chifukwa chiyani zimachitika komanso momwe mungapewere

Zamkati

• Momwe maantibayotiki amakana kuchitika
• Main kulimbana mabakiteriya
• Momwe mungapewere maantibayotiki kukana

Kulimbana ndi bakiteriya kumakhudza kuthekera kwa mabakiteriya kulimbana ndi mankhwala ena opha maantibayotiki chifukwa cha kusintha kwa njira zosinthira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki molakwika. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa chokana mabakiteriya, maantibayotiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza sagwiranso ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kulimbana ndi matenda kukhale kovuta komanso kodya nthawi, ndipo pakhoza kukhala kukulira kwachipatala cha munthuyo.

Maantibayotiki akagwira ntchito, mabakiteriya amatha kuchepa kapena kuthetsedwa m'thupi. Komabe, bakiteriya ikagonjetsedwa ndi maantibayotiki ena, amatha kufalikira mosasamala kanthu za kupezeka kwa maantibayotiki ndipo imatha kuyambitsa matenda ena ovuta kuchiza.

Nthawi zambiri, bakiteriya imagonjetsedwa ndi maantibayotiki amodzi, monga momwe ziliri ndi Enterococcus sp.Mwachitsanzo, komwe mitundu ina imagonjetsedwa ndi Vancomycin. Komabe, ndizotheka kukhala ndi bakiteriya wosagonjetsedwa ndi maantibayotiki angapo, otchedwa superbug kapena mabakiteriya ambiri, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi Klebsiella Wopanga carbapenemase, wotchedwanso KPC.

Momwe maantibayotiki amakana kuchitika

Kukana kwa maantibayotiki kumachitika makamaka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki molakwika, ndiye kuti, munthu akagwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki popanda malangizo achipatala kapena ngati samalandira chithandizo chonse, mwachitsanzo. Izi zitha kuthandizira kukulitsa njira zosinthira komanso kukana kwa mabakiteriya motsutsana ndi maantibayotiki omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito, kuti athe kukhalabe mthupi nthawi yayitali, kufalikira ndikufika m'magazi, kutulutsa sepsis.

Mabakiteriya osamva amatha kuchulukana mosavuta ndipo potero amapatsira majini awo osagwirizana ndi mibadwo ina. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotheka kuti kusintha kwatsopano kumachitika m'matenda amtundu wa mabakiteriyawa, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe ndi omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi mitundu ingapo yamankhwala. Mabakiteriya akagonjetsedwa kwambiri, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuchiza, popeza pali maantibayotiki ochepa omwe angachiritse matendawa.

Main kulimbana mabakiteriya

Mabakiteriya olimbana nawo amapezeka mosavuta kuchipatala chifukwa cha njira zomwe odwala amaperekera, zomwe ndizowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki ofunikira ndikofunikira, omwe ndi omwe amatsutsana ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza pathogenic, yomwe ingakonde kukana.

Kuphatikiza apo, mabakiteriya omwe amalimbana nawo nthawi zambiri amakhala okhudzana ndi chipatala chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki pafupipafupi, chitetezo chamthupi cha anthu komanso kutalikirana ndi opatsirana komanso ma antimicrobial chifukwa chokhala mchipatala kwanthawi yayitali.

Mwa mabakiteriya akuluakulu osagonjetsedwa ndi Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC), Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), yomwe imagonjetsedwa ndi Methicillin, Acinetobacter baumannii ndipo Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Imene imagonjetsedwa ndi ma carbapenem antibiotics. Dziwani mabakiteriya akuluakulu.

Momwe mungapewere maantibayotiki kukana

Kulimbana ndi maantibayotiki kumatha kupewedwa mosavuta kudzera muzinthu zosavuta, monga:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki pokhapokha povomerezedwa ndi achipatala;
• Nthawi ndi mlingo wa antibiotic ziyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi adotolo ndikugwiritsa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo ake, ngakhale pakutha kwa zizindikiro;
• Musasokoneze mankhwala opha maantibayotiki ngakhale atakhala kuti kulibenso zizindikiro zakupatsirana.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusamalira ukhondo wa m'manja, kutsuka chakudya musanaphike, kukhala ndi katemera mpaka pano ndikungolumikizana ndi anthu omwe ali mchipatala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoteteza, monga masks ndi zovala, mwachitsanzo.

Pofuna kupewa kulimbana ndi bakiteriya, ndikofunikanso kuti zipatala zifufuze mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka kwambiri mchipatala komanso malo ogona odwala ndikuzindikira kukhudzidwa ndi kukana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa.

Mukadziwika kuti ndi mabakiteriya ati omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi komanso mawonekedwe ake, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopewera matendawa mchipatala cha wodwalayo. Kupitiliza maphunziro ndi kuphunzitsa akatswiri azaumoyo omwe amapezeka pachipatala ndikofunikira kuti tipewe matenda opatsirana pogonana komanso kupangika kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Onani momwe mungapewere matenda opatsirana pogonana.