Zowopsa Zazovuta Zam'mitsempha Yamtendere (CAD)

Zamkati

• Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zingayambitse CAD?
• Zowopsa zomwe simungathe kuzilamulira
• Zaka ndi jenda
• Mtundu
• Mbiri ya banja
• Zowopsa zomwe mutha kuwongolera
• Kusuta
• Mafuta osadziwika a cholesterol
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Kusagwira ntchito
• Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa kwambiri
• Matenda a shuga
• Zomwe zimayambitsa zoopsa
• Momwe mungachepetse chiopsezo cha CAD

Chidule

Matenda a mtima ndi omwe amafa kwambiri amuna ndi akazi. Mitsempha ya Coronary (CAD) ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wamatenda amtima.

Malinga ndi a, anthu opitilira 370,000 amamwalira ndi CAD chaka chilichonse ku United States. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha CAD ndikumangirira m'mitsempha yamitsempha.

Zinthu zambiri zimakulitsa chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi CAD. Mutha kuwongolera zina mwa izi. Werengani kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zingayambitse CAD?

Zowopsa zomwe simungathe kuzilamulira

Ndikofunika kudziwa zoopsa zomwe simungathe kuzilamulira, chifukwa mutha kuwunika zotsatira zake.

Zaka ndi jenda

Kuopsa kwanu kwa CAD kumawonjezeka mukamakula. Izi ndichifukwa choti chikwangwani chimakula pakapita nthawi. Malinga ndi malowa, chiopsezo cha azimayi chikuwonjezeka ali ndi zaka 55. Chiwopsezo cha abambo chikuwonjezeka azaka 45.

CAD ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wamatenda amtima mwa amuna ndi akazi ku United States. Azungu azaka zapakati pa 35 ndi 44 ali pachiwopsezo chofa 6 CAD kuposa azungu azaka zomwezo, malinga ndi kuwunika kwa 2016. Kusiyana kumakhala kochepa pakati pa anthu omwe si azungu.

Kuchuluka kwaimfa pakati pa azimayi kumawonjezeka atatha kusamba. Chiwopsezo cha amayi chofa kuchokera ku CAD ndi chofanana kapena chachikulu kuposa chiopsezo chomwecho kwa mwamuna wazaka 75.

Matenda ena amtima pamitsempha yamitsempha yamtima nthawi zambiri amapezeka anthu akamakalamba. Vutoli limadziwika kuti ndi oposa 80% achikulire azaka zopitilira 80, malinga ndi a.

Zosintha zomwe zimachitika m'thupi mukamakula zimapanga zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda amtima ayambe kukula. Mwachitsanzo, makoma osanjikiza amitsempha yamtambo amatha mwapang'onopang’ono kukhala ndi malo olimba okhala ndi magazi osazolowereka omwe amakopa zolembapo ndikupangitsa kuuma kwa mitsempha.

Mtundu

Ku United States, matenda amtima ndi omwe amafala kwambiri m'mafuko ambiri. Malinga ndi, matenda amtima ndi wachiwiri kwa khansa chifukwa choyambitsa imfa pakati pa:

• Amwenye Achimereka
• Nzika za Alaska
• Anthu aku Asia-America
• Anthu Akuzilumba za Pacific

Chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima ndichokwera kwambiri m'mitundu ina kuposa ena. Malinga ndi US Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health (OMH), amuna ndi akazi aku Africa-America ku United States anali ndi mwayi wokwanira kufa ndi matenda a mtima 30, kuphatikiza CAD, kuposa amuna ndi akazi azungu omwe si Achipanishi. mu 2010.

Amuna ndi akazi oyera omwe si Achipanishi ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chomwalira ndi matenda amtima kuposa Amwenye aku America ndi Amwenye a Alaska, malinga ndi OMH.

Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima m'mitundu ina kumakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso matenda ashuga. Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima.

Mbiri ya banja

Matenda amtima atha kuyenda m'banja. Malinga ndi World Heart Federation, chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima chikuwonjezeka ngati wachibale wapafupi ali ndi matenda amtima. Chiwopsezo chanu chikuwonjezekanso ngati abambo anu kapena mchimwene wanu adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda amtima asanakwanitse zaka 55, kapena ngati amayi anu kapena mlongo wanu amupeza matenda asanakwanitse zaka 65.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati makolo anu onse anali ndi vuto la matenda a mtima asanakwanitse zaka 55, izi zikuwonjezeranso chiopsezo chanu chodwala matenda amtima. Muthanso kukhala ndi chiyembekezo chodzakulitsa mtundu wa 1 kapena 2 wa matenda ashuga, kapena matenda ena kapena machitidwe omwe amachulukitsa chiopsezo cha CAD.

Zowopsa zomwe mutha kuwongolera

Zowopsa zambiri za CAD zimatha kuwongoleredwa. Malinga ndi American Heart Association (AHA), mutha kusintha zinthu zazikulu zisanu ndi chimodzi:

Kusuta

Ngakhale mulibe zoopsa zina, kusuta fodya choyamba kapena chokha, kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha CAD. Ngati mukukhala pachiwopsezo, chiwopsezo chanu cha CAD chimakwera kwambiri. Ndizoopsa makamaka kusuta ngati banja lanu lidadwala mtima kapena ngati mumamwa mapiritsi ena oletsa kubereka.

Mafuta osadziwika a cholesterol

Mafuta otsika kwambiri a lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol komanso low-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ndi zinthu zomwe zitha kuwonetsa chiwopsezo chachikulu cha CAD. LDL nthawi zina amatchedwa "cholesterol" choyipa. HDL nthawi zina amatchedwa cholesterol "chabwino".

Kutalika kwa LDL ndi kuchepa kwa HDL kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhazikitsa zipika m'mitsempha yanu. Palinso zoopsa zina ngati imodzi mwazi zikuphatikizidwa ndi mulingo wapamwamba wa triglyceride.

Pali malangizo atsopano a kolesterolini kwa akulu okhudzana ndi zomwe zimawoneka kuti ndizovomerezeka komanso zodziwika bwino za cholesterol kuchokera ku American College of Cardiology ndi American Heart Association. Upangiri watsopanowu umaphatikizaponso njira yotsatira yothandizira pomwe mafuta a cholesterol amakhala achilendo. Chithandizo chimaganizira ngati muli ndi matenda amtima kapena zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima.

Dokotala wanu azitha kuwona kuchuluka kwama cholesterol anu m'magazi anu kuti awone ngati ali okwera kwambiri kapena otsika. Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la cholesterol, dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kuti mupange dongosolo labwino lothandizira.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi

Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndiyeso ya kupsinjika kwa mitsempha yamagazi magazi akamayenda kudzera mwa iwo mogwirizana ndi kuyenda kwa mtima kopopa kapena kupumula. Popita nthawi, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi, kumatha kupangitsa kuti minofu ya mtima ikule komanso kuti isayende bwino.

Yesetsani kuti magazi anu azithamanga kwambiri pansi pa 120/80 mmHg. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi chiwerengero chapamwamba kwambiri. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa diastolic ndiye nambala yapansi.

Gawo 1 kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatchedwa systolic magazi opitilira 130 mmHg, diastolic magazi kupitirira 80 mmHg, kapena onse awiri. Ngati muli ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, AHA ikukulimbikitsani kuti muyambe kusintha zina ndi zina pamoyo wanu zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa:

• Kuchepetsa thupi ngati mukulemera kwambiri ndikukhala wathanzi.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa mowa womwe mumamwa.
• Idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi.
• Osasuta fodya.
• Muthane ndi mavuto athanzi.

Ngati kusintha kwa moyo wanu sikukuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi pazoyenera, inu ndi dokotala mungakonde kukambirana za mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kusagwira ntchito

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha CAD mwa:

• kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kukweza cholesterol cha HDL
• kulimbitsa mtima wanu kuti ugwire bwino ntchito

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso kuti mukhale wathanzi komanso muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda ena, monga kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda ashuga, omwe angayambitse CAD.

Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa kwambiri

Kulemera kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri kumawonjezera ngozi yanu ya CAD modabwitsa. Kulemera kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena matenda a shuga. Zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi komanso zizolowezi zolimbitsa thupi.

Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa nthawi zambiri kumatanthauzidwa potengera kuchuluka kwa thupi (BMI). BMI yanu, yolemera kutalika, iyenera kukhala pakati pa 18.5 ndi 24.9. BMI ya 25 kapena kupitilira apo, makamaka ngati muli ndi kunenepa kwambiri pakatikati, kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha CAD.

Malinga ndi malangizo ochokera ku AHA, azimayi ayenera kukhala ndi chiuno chosakwana masentimita 35. Amuna ayenera kukhala ndi chiuno chosakwanira mainchesi 40.

BMI yanu sikuti nthawi zonse imakhala chisonyezo changwiro, koma itha kukhala yothandiza. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kapena kuyankhula ndi dokotala za momwe kulemera kwanu komanso thanzi lanu lingakhudzire chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi CAD.

Matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi omwe thupi lanu silingagwiritse ntchito insulini moyenera kapena silimatha kupanga insulin yokwanira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale shuga wambiri m'magazi anu. Zowopsa zina za CAD nthawi zambiri zimatsagana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, kuphatikiza kunenepa kwambiri komanso cholesterol.

Magazi anu osala magazi azikhala ochepera 100 mg / dL. Hemoglobin yanu A1c (HbA1c) iyenera kukhala yochepera 5.7 peresenti. HbA1C ndiyeso ya kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi m'miyezi iwiri kapena itatu isanachitike. Ngati shuga lanu lamagazi kapena HbA1c wanu ndiwokwera kuposa mikhalidweyo, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala matenda ashuga kapena mwina muli ndi matenda ashuga. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi CAD.

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, kambiranani ndi adokotala ndikutsatira malangizo awo kuti asunge shuga m'magazi anu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa zoopsa

Makhalidwe ena amathanso kukulitsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima, ngakhale atakhala kuti sanayikidwe pachiwopsezo. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mobwerezabwereza komanso osavomerezeka kumatha kubweretsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha mtima wosalimba, matenda amtima, kapena stroke. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a cocaine ndi amphetamines kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtima.

Kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa kumayambitsanso matenda a mtima. Ngati mumamwa kwambiri kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, lingalirani kukambirana ndi adotolo kapena othandizira azaumoyo zamankhwala kapena mapulogalamu amtundu wa detox kuti mupewe zovuta zomwe zingakhale zovuta.

Momwe mungachepetse chiopsezo cha CAD

Gawo loyamba ndikudziwa zoopsa zanu. Ngakhale mulibe mphamvu zowalamulira ena - monga zaka ndi majini - ndibwino kudziwa za iwo. Mutha kukambirana nawo ndi adotolo ndikuwunika momwe akuyendera.

Mutha kusintha zina. Nawa maupangiri:

• Funsani dokotala wanu kuti akuyang'anire kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwama cholesterol. Ngati ali kunja kwa mulingo woyenera, funsani adotolo anu malingaliro amomwe mungathandizire kuwachepetsa.
• Ngati mumasuta fodya, pangani dongosolo losiya kusuta.
• Ngati mukulemera kwambiri, kambiranani ndi dokotala pulogalamu yolemetsa.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, funsani dokotala kuti akuthandizeni pakupanga dongosolo loyendetsera magazi anu ashuga.

Kusamalira zoopsa zanu za CAD kungakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, wokangalika.