Kodi mazira amafunika kukhala ndi firiji?

Zamkati

• Zonsezi ndi za Salmonella
• Refrigeration yofunikira ku United States
• Firiji siyofunikira ku Europe
• Ubwino wina ndi zoyipa za firiji
• Pro: Firiji imatha kuchulukitsa moyo wa alumali wa dzira
• Con: Mazira amatha kuyamwa zonunkhira mufiriji
• Con: Mazira sayenera kusungidwa pakhomo la furiji
• Con: Mazira ozizira sangakhale abwino kuphika
• Mfundo yofunika

Ngakhale ambiri aku America amasunga mazira mufiriji, azungu ambiri samasunga.

Izi ndichifukwa choti olamulira m'maiko ambiri aku Europe akuti kuzizira mazira sikofunikira. Koma ku United States, zimaonedwa ngati zosatetezeka kusunga mazira kutentha.

Mwakutero, mwina mungadzifunse za njira yabwino yosungira mazira.

Nkhaniyi ikukuwuzani ngati mazira amafunika kuti akhale m'firiji.

Zonsezi ndi za Salmonella

Salmonella ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amakhala m'matumbo a nyama zambiri zamagazi. Zimakhala zotetezeka bwino mukakhala m'matumbo a nyama koma zimatha kuyambitsa matenda akulu ngati ilowa.

Salmonella Matendawa amatha kuyambitsa zisonyezo zosasangalatsa monga kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba ndipo ndi owopsa - ngakhale kupha - okalamba, ana, komanso omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi ().

Magwero wamba a Salmonella Kuphulika ndi zipatso za nyemba, batala, nkhuku, ndi mazira. M'zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi 1980, mazira adatsimikiziridwa kuti amachititsa 77% ya Salmonella kuphulika ku United States (,).

Izi zidalimbikitsa kuyesayesa kuteteza dzira. Chiwerengero cha matendawa chatsika, ngakhale Salmonella Kuphulika kukuchitikabe ().

Dzira limatha kuipitsidwa ndi Salmonella kaya kunja, ngati mabakiteriya alowa mu chipolopolo, kapena mkati, ngati nkhukuyo imanyamula Salmonella ndipo mabakiteriya adasunthira dzira chipolopolo chisanapangidwe ().

Kusamalira, kusunga, ndi kuphika ndizofunikira popewa Salmonella Kuphulika kwa mazira oyipitsidwa.

Mwachitsanzo, kusunga mazira osakwana 40 ° F (4 ° C) kumayimitsa kukula kwa Salmonella, ndi kuphika mazira osachepera 160 ° F (71 ° C) amapha mabakiteriya aliwonse omwe alipo.

Monga Salmonella chithandizo chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi dziko - monga tafotokozera m'munsimu - kuziziritsa mazira kungakhale kofunikira m'malo ena koma osati ena.

Salmonella ndi bakiteriya yemwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa matenda obwera chifukwa cha chakudya. Momwe mayiko amasamalira mazira Salmonella Amasankha ngati amafunika kukhala m'firiji.

Refrigeration yofunikira ku United States

Ku United States, Salmonella amathandizidwa kwambiri kunja.

Mazira asanagulitsidwe, amatenga njira yolera yotseketsa. Amatsukidwa m'madzi otentha, sopo ndikupopera mankhwala opha tizilombo, omwe amapha mabakiteriya aliwonse pachikopa (,).

Mayiko ena ochepa, kuphatikiza Australia, Japan, ndi mayiko aku Scandinavia, amachitiranso mazira chimodzimodzi.

Njirayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri pakupha mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka pachimake. Komabe, sizichita chilichonse kupha mabakiteriya omwe angakhale atakhalapo mkati mwa dzira - zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadwalitsa anthu (,,).

Kuchapa kumatha kuchotsanso cuticle ya dzira, lomwe ndi locheperako pachikopa cha dzira lomwe limathandiza kuteteza.

Ngati cuticle itachotsedwa, mabakiteriya aliwonse omwe amakumana ndi dzira pambuyo pobereketsa amatha kulowa mosavuta mu chipolopolocho ndi kuipitsa dzira (,).

Ngakhale firiji siyipha mabakiteriya, imachepetsa chiopsezo chanu chodwala poletsa kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya. Zimalepheretsanso mabakiteriya kuti asalowe m'matumbo (,).

Komabe, pali chifukwa china chofunikira chomwe mazira amayenera kukhala mufiriji ku United States.

Pofuna kuchepetsa mabakiteriya, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) imafuna kuti mazira ogulitsa azisungidwa ndikusamutsidwa pansi pa 45 ° F (7 ° C).

Mazira akakhala mufiriji, amayenera kusungidwa m'firiji kuti asagundane ndi chipolopolo ngati atentha. Chinyezi chimenechi chimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya azilowa mosavuta.

Chifukwa chake, mazira aliwonse ogulitsa ku United States akuyenera kusungidwa mufiriji yanu.

Ku United States ndi mayiko ena ochepa, mazira amatsukidwa, kutsukidwa, ndikuikidwa mufiriji kuti achepetse mabakiteriya. Mazira m'mayikowa ayenera kukhalabe m'firiji kuti achepetse chiopsezo.

Firiji siyofunikira ku Europe

Mayiko ambiri aku Europe samazizira mazira awo mufiriji, ngakhale adakumana nawo momwemo Salmonella mliri m'ma 1980.

Pomwe United States idakhazikitsa malamulo osamba mazira ndi kuzizira, mayiko ambiri ku Europe adasintha ukhondo komanso katemera wa nkhuku Salmonella popewa matenda koyambirira (,).

Mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu ku United Kingdom itapereka nkhuku ku nkhuku zonse zomwe zimayikira mazira motsutsana ndi mabakiteriya ambiri, kuchuluka kwa Salmonella milandu mdzikolo idatsika kwambiri mpaka zaka makumi anayi ().

Mosiyana ndi United States, kutsuka ndi kupha mazira ndikosaloledwa ku European Union. Komabe, Sweden ndi Netherlands ndizosiyana (14).

Ngakhale izi zingawoneke ngati zopanda ukhondo kwa anthu aku America, cuticle ya dzira ndi chipolopolo zimasiyidwa zopanda kuwonongeka, zikugwira ntchito ngati gawo lodzitchinjiriza ku mabakiteriya)

Kuphatikiza pa cuticle, azungu azungu amakhalanso ndi chitetezo chachilengedwe motsutsana ndi mabakiteriya, omwe amatha kuteteza dzira kwa milungu itatu (,).

Chifukwa chake, zimawoneka ngati zosafunikira kuziziritsa mazira m'malo ambiri ku Europe.

M'malo mwake, European Union ikulimbikitsa kuti mazira azisungidwa ozizira - koma osazizira mufiriji - m'masitolo akuluakulu kuti asatenthedwe ndikupanga madzi amadzimadzi mukamapita kwanu.

Chifukwa mazira ochokera ku European Union amasamalidwa mosiyana ndi aku U.S., ndibwino kuti mazira asachoke mufiriji kumayiko ambiri aku Europe bola ngati mukufuna kuwagwiritsa ntchito posachedwa.

M'mayiko ambiri aku Europe, Salmonella imayang'aniridwa ndi njira zodzitetezera monga katemera. Mafamu nthawi zambiri samaloledwa kutsuka mazira, chifukwa chake ma cuticles amakhalabe osasunthika, kupewetsa firiji.

Ubwino wina ndi zoyipa za firiji

Ngakhale simukufunika kuzizira mazira anu, mungafune kutero kutengera komwe muli.

Ngakhale kuti firiji ili ndi maubwino ena, ilinso ndi zovuta zina. M'munsimu muli zabwino ndi zoyipa za firiji ya dzira.

Pro: Firiji imatha kuchulukitsa moyo wa alumali wa dzira

Kusunga mazira anu mu furiji ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsera mabakiteriya.

Monga bonasi yowonjezerapo, imasunganso mazira atsopano kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa kuwasungira kutentha.

Ngakhale dzira latsopanolo losungidwa kutentha limayamba kutsika pakadutsa masiku ochepa ndipo liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa masabata 1-3, mazira omwe amasungidwa mufiriji amakhalabe abwino komanso osazola kwakanthawi kosachepera kawiri (,,).

Con: Mazira amatha kuyamwa zonunkhira mufiriji

Mazira amatha kuyamwa fungo labwino kuchokera kuzakudya zina mufiriji yanu, monga anyezi amene angodulidwa kumene.

Komabe, kusunga mazira mumakatoni awo ndikusindikiza zakudya zokhala ndi fungo lamphamvu muzotengera zopanda mpweya zitha kuletsa izi.

Con: Mazira sayenera kusungidwa pakhomo la furiji

Anthu ambiri amasunga mazira awo pakhomo la firiji.

Komabe, izi zitha kuwapangitsa kusinthasintha kutentha nthawi iliyonse mukatsegula furiji yanu, yomwe ingalimbikitse kukula kwa bakiteriya ndikuwononga mazira oteteza mazira ().

Chifukwa chake kusunga mazira pashelefu pafupi ndi kumbuyo kwa firiji ndibwino.

Con: Mazira ozizira sangakhale abwino kuphika

Pomaliza, ophika ena amati mazira otentha mchipinda ndi abwino kuphika. Mwakutero, ena amati kulola mazira afriji azitentha asanagwiritse ntchito.

Ngati izi ndi zofunika kwa inu, zimawoneka ngati zotetezeka kusiya mazira kutentha kwa maola awiri. Komabe, muyenera kukhala otsimikiza kuti muphike iwo kutentha kotentha ().

Firiji imasunga mazira atsopano kuposa kawiri kuposa momwe mazira amasungidwa kutentha. Komabe, amazisunga bwino kuti zisawononge kukoma ndi kutentha.

Mfundo yofunika

Kaya firiji ya dzira ndiyofunikira zimatengera komwe muli, kuyambira pamenepo Salmonella chithandizo chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi dziko.

Ku United States, mazira atsopano, ogulitsa amalowa mufiriji kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chakupha. Komabe, m'maiko ambiri ku Europe komanso padziko lonse lapansi, ndibwino kusunga mazira kutentha kwa milungu ingapo.

Ngati simukudziwa njira yabwino yosungira mazira anu, fufuzani ndi oyang'anira chitetezo chakudya kwanuko kuti muwone zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa.

Ngati simukudziwa, firiji ndiyo njira yotetezeka kwambiri.