Silicosis: ndi chiyani komanso momwe zimachitikira

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za silicosis
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Silicosis ndi matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kutulutsa mpweya wa silika, nthawi zambiri chifukwa chantchito, yomwe imayambitsa kutsokomola, malungo komanso kupuma movutikira. Silicosis imatha kugawidwa molingana ndi nthawi yowonekera pa silika komanso nthawi yomwe matenda amawonekera:

• Matenda a silicosis, yotchedwanso simple nodular silicosis, yomwe imafala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amakumana ndi silika yaying'ono tsiku lililonse, ndipo zizindikilo zimatha kuonekera patatha zaka 10 mpaka 20 zikuwonetsedwa;
• Kuthamanga kwa silicosis, yotchedwanso subacute silicosis, yomwe zizindikilo zake zimayamba kuonekera patatha zaka 5 mpaka 10 chiyambire kuwonekera, chizindikiro chodziwika kwambiri ndikutupa ndi kufafaniza kwa pulmonary alveoli, yomwe imatha kusintha mosavuta matendawa;
• Pachimake kapena mofulumira silicosis, omwe ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri omwe matendawa amatha kuwonekera patatha miyezi ingapo atakumana ndi fumbi la silika, ndipo amatha kusintha msanga kupumira ndikupangitsa kufa.

Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri kwa anthu omwe nthawi zonse amakhala ndi fumbi la silika, lomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la mchenga, monga mgodi, anthu omwe amagwira ntchito yomanga ma tunnel ndi osema miyala ya mchenga ndi miyala.

Zizindikiro za silicosis

Silika ufa ndiwowopsa kwambiri m'thupi, chifukwa chake, kuwonetsedwa nthawi zonse ndi izi kumatha kubweretsa zizindikilo zingapo, monga:

• Malungo;
• Kupweteka pachifuwa;
• Youma ndi chifuwa chachikulu;
• Kutuluka thukuta usiku;
• Mpweya wochepa chifukwa cha khama;
• Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya kupuma.

Pankhani ya matenda a silicosis, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa chokhala nthawi yayitali, pangakhale mapangidwe amkati mwa minofu m'mapapu, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa chizungulire komanso kufooka chifukwa chovuta kupangitsa mpweya kukhala wabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe ali ndi silicosis amatha kutenga matenda amtundu uliwonse, makamaka chifuwa chachikulu.

Kuzindikira kwa silicosis kumapangidwa ndi dokotala kapena wothandizira pantchito pofufuza zomwe zatulutsidwa, chifuwa cha X-ray ndi bronchoscopy, komwe ndi mayeso owunika omwe amayang'ana kuwunika kwa mayendedwe apandege, kuzindikira mtundu uliwonse wamasinthidwe. Mvetsetsani momwe bronchoscopy imagwirira ntchito.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha silicosis chimachitika ndi cholinga chothanirana ndi zizindikirazo, nthawi zambiri dokotala amakuwonetsani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti muchepetse chifuwa ndi mankhwala omwe amatha kupititsa patsogolo mlengalenga, kuthandizira kupuma. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati pali chizindikiro cha matenda, kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki, omwe akuwonetsedwa molingana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kungalimbikitsidwe.

Ndikofunikira kuti zida zodzitetezera zigwiritsidwe ntchito popewa kukhudzana ndi fumbi la silika ndikukula kwa matendawa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti anthu omwe akugwira ntchito kumalo awa azivala zikopa zamagoli ndi maski omwe amatha kusefa tinthu ta silika. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti njira zithandizire kuwongolera kupanga fumbi kuntchito.

Chithandizo cha silicosis chiyenera kutsatiridwa molamulidwa ndi adotolo kuti apewe zovuta zomwe zingachitike, monga Matenda Ophwanya Matenda Osiyanasiyana, m'mapapo mwanga emphysema, chifuwa chachikulu, ndi khansa yamapapo. Ngati pali kusintha kwa matenda kapena zovuta, adotolo amalimbikitsa kuti apange kumuika m'mapapo kuti wodwalayo akhale ndi moyo wabwino. Onani momwe kupangira m'mapapo kumachitikira ndi momwe post-operative ilili.