Okhwima munthu matenda

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro
• Chithandizo

Mu matenda okhwima a munthu, munthuyo ali ndi kukhwimitsa kwakukulu komwe kumatha kudziwonetsera mthupi lonse kapena m'miyendo yokha, mwachitsanzo. Izi zikakhudzidwa, munthuyo amatha kuyenda ngati msirikali chifukwa samatha kusuntha minofu ndi malo ake bwino.

Ichi ndi matenda omwe amadzichitira okha omwe nthawi zambiri amawonekera pakati pa 40 ndi 50 azaka zakubadwa ndipo amadziwikanso kuti Moersch-Woltmann syndrome kapena Chingerezi, Stiff-man syndrome. Pafupifupi 5% yamilandu imachitika muubwana kapena unyamata.

Matenda owopsa a munthu amatha kuwonekera m'njira zisanu ndi chimodzi:

1. Mawonekedwe apakale pomwe amakhudza dera lumbar ndi miyendo yokha;
2. Mawonekedwe osiyanitsidwa ndi gawo limodzi lokha lokhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kapena obwerera m'mbuyo;
3. Kawirikawiri mawonekedwe pamene kuuma kumachitika mthupi lonse chifukwa cha encephalomyelitis;
4. Pakakhala kusokonezeka kwa kayendetsedwe kake;
5. Ndi dystonia ndi generalized parkinsonism ndi
6. Ndi cholowa cha spastic paraparesis.

Nthawi zambiri munthu amene ali ndi matendawa samangokhala ndi matendawa, komanso amakhala ndi matenda ena amthupi okha monga mtundu wa 1 shuga, matenda a chithokomiro kapena vitiligo, mwachitsanzo.

Matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa ndimankhwala omwe dokotala akuwawonetsani koma chithandizochi chitha kudya nthawi.

Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za matenda okhwima a munthu ndizovuta ndipo zimaphatikizapo:

• Kupitilira kwa minyewa yopitilira yomwe imakhala ndi mapangano ang'onoang'ono muminyewa ina popanda munthu wokhoza kuwongolera, ndi
• Kuuma kovuta m'minyewa yomwe imatha kupangitsa kuti ulusi wam'mimba, minyewa, komanso mafupa kuthyoka.

Chifukwa cha zizindikilozi munthuyo amatha kukhala ndi hyperlordosis komanso kupweteka kwa msana, makamaka pomwe minofu yakumbuyo imakhudzidwa ndipo imatha kugwa pafupipafupi chifukwa amalephera kuyenda moyenera.

Kuuma kwakukulu kwa minofu nthawi zambiri kumachitika pakakhala nthawi yakupsinjika ngati ntchito yatsopano kapena kugwira ntchito pagulu, ndipo kuuma kwa minofu sikuchitika tulo ndi zolakwika m'manja ndi miyendo ndizofala chifukwa chakupezeka kwa ma spasms awa, ngati matenda samachiritsidwa.

Ngakhale kuwonjezeka kwa kamvekedwe ka minofu m'malo omwe akhudzidwa, ma tendon reflexes ndi abwinobwino chifukwa chake matendawa amatha kupangidwa ndi kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumayang'ana ma antibodies ndi electromyography. Ma X-ray, ma MRIs ndi ma CT akuyeneranso kulamulidwa kuti asatengere matenda ena.

Chithandizo

Chithandizo cha munthu wolimba chimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala monga baclofen, vecuronium, immunoglobulin, gabapentin ndi diazepam akuwonetsedwa ndi neurologist. Nthawi zina, pamafunika kukhala ku ICU kuti mutsimikizire magwiridwe antchito am'mapapo ndi mtima panthawi yamatenda ndipo nthawi yothandizira imatha kusiyanasiyana kwa milungu ingapo miyezi.

Kuikidwa magazi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (rituximab) amathanso kuwonetsedwa ndikukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Anthu ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi matendawa amachiritsidwa akalandira chithandizo.