Zizindikiro zazikulu za autism
Zamkati
- Autism kuyesa pa intaneti
- Kodi ndi Autism?
- Zizindikiro za Autism mwa mwana
- 1. Zovuta pakulumikizana
- 2. Kuvuta kulankhulana
- 3. Khalidwe limasintha
- Zizindikiro za Autism mwa achinyamata ndi akulu
- Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
Zizindikiro zoyamba za autism nthawi zambiri zimadziwika mozungulira zaka ziwiri mpaka zitatu zakubadwa, nthawi yomwe mwana amakhala ndi mgwirizano ndi anthu komanso chilengedwe. Komabe, zizindikilo zina zimatha kukhala zofatsa kwambiri kotero kuti zimatha kutenga munthu kuti akule unyamata, kapena kuti akhale wamkulu, kuti adziwike.
Autism ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kusintha kwa kulumikizana, kucheza ndi machitidwe, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikilo monga zovuta pakulankhula, zotchinga pofotokozera malingaliro ndi malingaliro, komanso machitidwe osazolowereka, monga kusasangalala kucheza , kukhala osakhazikika kapena obwereza mayendedwe.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kukhala ndi zina mwazizindikirozi sikokwanira kutsimikizira kuti autism imapezeka, chifukwa mwina ndi mikhalidwe ya umunthu. Chifukwa chake, choyenera nthawi zonse kumakhala kufunsa adotolo kuti awunike mwatsatanetsatane.
Autism kuyesa pa intaneti
Ngati mukukayikira vuto la autism, onani mayeso athu, omwe angakuthandizeni kuzindikira zizindikilo zazikulu:
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Kodi ndi Autism?
Yambani mayeso
Kodi mwanayo amakonda kusewera, kulumpha pamiyendo panu ndikuwonetsa kuti mumakonda kucheza ndi akulu komanso ana ena? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo akuwoneka kuti akukonzekera gawo lina la choseweretsa, monga gudumu la woyendetsa ndipo akuyang'ana? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amakonda kusewera mobisa koma amaseka akamasewera ndikusaka mnzake? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro akusewera? Mwachitsanzo: Kudziyesa kuphika ndikudya zakudya zongoyerekeza? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amatenga dzanja la munthu wamkulu kupita pachinthu chomwe akufuna m'malo mochitenga ndi manja ake? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo akuwoneka kuti samasewera ndi zidole molondola ndikungomangirira, kuziyika pamwamba pa wina ndi mnzake, kodi amasambira? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amakonda kukuwonetsani zinthuzo, ndikubweretsa kwa inu? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amakuyang'ana m'maso mukamayankhula naye? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amadziwa kudziwa anthu kapena zinthu? Mwachitsanzo. Ngati wina afunsa kuti Amayi ali kuti, angawaloze? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amabwereza mayendedwe omwewo kangapo motsatizana, monga kusinthana mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo ndikugwedeza manja ake? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amakonda kukondana kumene kumasonyezedwa mwa kumpsompsona ndi kukumbatira? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo sagwirizana ndi magalimoto, amayenda pamwamba chabe, kapena sachita zinthu moyenera? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amakhumudwa kwambiri akamva nyimbo kapena amakhala kumalo achilendo, monga malo odyera odzaza ndi anthu, mwachitsanzo? - Inde
- Ayi
Kodi mwanayo amakonda kupwetekedwa ndi zokopa kapena kulumidwa pochita izi mwadala? - Inde
- Ayi
Chiyesochi sichikutsimikizira kuti ali ndi matendawa ndipo chikuyenera kutanthauziridwa ngati kuwunika kwa chiwopsezo chokhala autism. Milandu yonse iyenera kuyesedwa ndi dokotala.
Zizindikiro za Autism mwa mwana
Mwa autism wofatsa, mwanayo ali ndi zizindikilo zochepa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadziwika. Onani zambiri zamomwe mungadziwire autism yofatsa.
Kumbali inayi, mu autism yaying'ono komanso yayikulu, kuchuluka ndi kukulira kwa zizindikirazo zimawonekera kwambiri, zomwe zingaphatikizepo:
1. Zovuta pakulumikizana
- Osayang'ana m'maso kapena kupewa kuyang'ana m'maso, ngakhale wina alankhula ndi mwanayo, kukhala pafupi kwambiri;
- Kuseka kosayenera kapena kwanthawi, monga pamwambo waukwati kapena ukwati kapena ubatizo, mwachitsanzo;
- Osakonda kukonda kapena chifukwa chake musalole kuti kukumbatiridwa kapena kupsompsona;
- Zovuta pakukhudzana ndi ana ena, kukonda kukhala nokha m'malo mongosewera nawo;
- Nthawi zonse mubwereze zinthu zomwezo, nthawi zonse kusewera ndi zidole zomwezo.
2. Kuvuta kulankhulana
- Mwanayo amadziwa kuyankhula, koma amasankha kuti asanene chilichonse ndipo amakhala chete kwa maola ambiri, ngakhale atafunsidwa mafunso;
- Mwanayo amatchula yekha kuti "inu";
- Bwerezani funso lomwe lakufunsani kangapo motsatizana osasamala ngati mukukhumudwitsa ena;
- Nthawi zonse amakhalabe pankhope pankhope ndipo samvetsa zamunthu wina ndi nkhope yake;
- Osayankha mukamayitanidwa ndi dzina, ngati kuti simukumva chilichonse, ngakhale simumva komanso simumva chilichonse;
- Yang'anirani pakona la diso lanu mukamakhala kuti simumasuka;
- Akamalankhula, kulumikizana kumakhala kosasangalatsa komanso kosangalatsa.
3. Khalidwe limasintha
- Mwanayo saopa zochitika zowopsa, monga kuwoloka msewu osayang'ana magalimoto, kuyandikira kwambiri nyama zowoneka ngati zowopsa, monga agalu akulu;
- Khalani ndi masewera achilendo, opereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuzoseweretsa zomwe muli nazo;
- Kusewera ndi gawo chabe la choseweretsa, monga gudumu la woyendetsa, mwachitsanzo, ndikuwonetsetsa ndikusunthira;
- Zikuwoneka kuti simukumva kupweteka ndipo zikuwoneka kuti mumakonda kudzipweteka nokha kapena kukhumudwitsa ena dala;
- Tengani mkono wa wina kuti mutenge chinthu chomwe akufuna;
- Nthawi zonse muziyang'ana mbali yomweyo ngati kuti mwaimitsidwa munthawi yake;
- Kudzandima mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kwa mphindi zingapo kapena maola angapo kapena kupotoza manja kapena zala zanu nthawi zonse;
- Zovuta kuzolowera chizolowezi chatsopano potengeka ndi mavuto, kutha kudzivulaza kapena kuwukira ena;
- Kupereka dzanja pazinthu kapena kukonza madzi;
- Kukhala wokhumudwa kwambiri pagulu kapena m'malo amphepo.
Pakukayikira kwa zizindikirazi, kuwunika kwa dokotala wa ana kapena wamaganizidwe a ana kukuwonetsedwa, yemwe athe kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane mlandu uliwonse, ndikutsimikizira ngati ndi autism kapena mwina matenda ena kapena malingaliro.
Zizindikiro za Autism mwa achinyamata ndi akulu
Zizindikiro za autism zitha kukhala zazing'ono muunyamata ndi ukalamba, mwina chifukwa chakuti zizindikirizo sizinazindikiridwe muubwana, kapena chifukwa chakukula kwa chithandizo. Sizachilendo kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi autism kuwonetsa zizindikilo monga:
- Kupezeka kwa abwenzi, ndipo pomwe pali abwenzi, palibe kulumikizana pafupipafupi kapena pamaso. Nthawi zambiri, kulumikizana ndi anthu kumangokhala m'mabanja, kusukulu kapena maubale pa intaneti;
- Pewani kuchoka panyumba, pazochitika zachizolowezi, monga kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera pagulu ndi ntchito, komanso zosangalatsa, nthawi zonse mumakonda kukhala panokha;
- Kulephera kukhala ndi ufulu wodziyimira pawokha pantchito ndikupanga ntchito;
- Zizindikiro za kukhumudwa ndi nkhawa;
- Zovuta pakulumikizana pakati pa anthu, komanso chidwi pazinthu zina.
Kuthekera kokhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wodziyimira pawokha kumasiyana malinga ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikirazo komanso magwiridwe antchito oyenera. Thandizo labanja ndilofunikira, makamaka pazochitika zazikulu kwambiri, momwe munthu wamavuto amadalira abale ake komanso omwe amawasamalira kuti akwaniritse zosowa zawo pazachuma komanso zachuma.
Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
Chithandizo cha autism chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi mwana wina chifukwa si onse omwe amakhudzidwa mofananamo. Mwambiri, ndikofunikira kutembenukira kwa akatswiri angapo azaumoyo monga madotolo, othandizira kulankhula, othandizira ma psychotherapists ndi ma psychopedagogues, kuthandizidwa ndi mabanja ndikofunikira kwambiri kotero kuti zolimbitsa thupi zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikupangitsa kuti mwana akhale ndi luso.
Mankhwalawa ayenera kutsatiridwa kwa moyo wonse ndipo ayenera kuwunikanso miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kuti athe kusintha mogwirizana ndi zosowa za banja. Kuti mumve zambiri pazithandizo zamatenda a autism, onani chithandizo cha autism.
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