Kodi Ndi Chiyani Chomwe Sichingayambitse Khansa Yapakhungu?

Zamkati

• Kodi khansa yapakhungu ndi chiyani?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu?
• Kutuluka kwa dzuwa
• Mabedi osanjikiza
• Kusintha kwa chibadwa
• Zochepa zomwe zimayambitsa
• Zomwe sizinatsimikizidwe kuti zimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu?
• Zojambula
• Chophimba cha dzuwa
• Zodzoladzola ndi zinthu zosamalira khungu
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?
• Nthawi yoti mupeze chisamaliro
• Mfundo yofunika

Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ku United States ndi khansa yapakhungu. Koma, nthawi zambiri, khansa yamtunduwu imatha kupewedwa. Kumvetsetsa zomwe zingayambitse khansa yapakhungu kumatha kukuthandizani kuchitapo kanthu.

Munkhaniyi, tikambirana zomwe zimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu komanso zinthu zina zomwe sizinatsimikizidwe kuti zimayambitsa. Tionanso zidziwitso zomwe zitha kukhala chizindikiro kuti mukumane ndi dokotala wanu.

Kodi khansa yapakhungu ndi chiyani?

DNA ikawonongeka, imatha kuyambitsa zovuta m'maselo. Zotsatira zake, maselowa samwalira momwe amayenera kukhalira. M'malo mwake, zimapitilizabe kukula ndikugawana, ndikupanga maselo ochulukirachulukira.

Maselo osinthikawa amatha kuzemba chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo pamapeto pake amafalikira mthupi lonse. Kuwonongeka kwa DNA uku kumayamba m'maselo anu akhungu, mumakhala ndi khansa yapakhungu.

Mitundu ya khansa yapakhungu ndi iyi:

• basal cell carcinoma
• squamous cell carcinoma
• khansa ya pakhungu

Pafupifupi 95 peresenti ya khansa yapakhungu ndi basal cell kapena squamous cell. Mitundu iyi ya nonmelanoma imachiritsidwa ikapezeka ndikuchizidwa msanga. Ndizovuta kunena kuti ndi anthu angati omwe amalandira khansa yamtunduwu popeza palibe chifukwa choti awafotokozere ku registry ya khansa.

Melanoma ndi yoopsa kwambiri, yomwe imayambitsa pafupifupi 75 peresenti ya khansa yapakhungu. Malinga ndi American Cancer Society, panali milandu yoposa 96,000 ya khansa ya khansa mu 2019.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu?

Kutuluka kwa dzuwa

Chomwe chimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu ndi ma radiation (UV) ochokera padzuwa. Nazi zinthu zofunika kukumbukira:

• Makumi asanu ndi atatu pa zana a kutentha kwa dzuwa kumachitika musanakwanitse zaka 18.
• Kuwonetsedwa m'nyengo yozizira kumangokhala kowopsa mongowonekera nthawi yachilimwe.
• Khansa yapakhungu la Nonmelanoma imatha chifukwa chokhala padzuwa.
• Kuwotcha kwambiri dzuwa asanakwanitse zaka 18 kumatha kudzetsa khansa ya khansa pambuyo pake.
• Mankhwala ena, monga maantibayotiki, amatha kukulitsa chidwi cha khungu lanu padzuwa.
• Kupeza "base tan" sikungateteze ku kutentha kwa dzuwa kapena khansa yapakhungu.

Mutha kuchepetsa kutentha kwa dzuwa pochita izi:

• Gwiritsani ntchito zotchinga dzuwa kapena zoteteza ku dzuwa ndi SPF 30, osachepera.
• Valani zovala zoteteza padzuwa.
• Funani mthunzi ngati kuli kotheka, makamaka pakati pa 10 am mpaka 3 koloko masana. pamene cheza cha dzuwa chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri.
• Valani chipewa kuti muteteze khungu pankhope panu ndi pamutu panu.

Mabedi osanjikiza

Magetsi a UV amatha kuwononga khungu lanu, mosasamala kanthu komwe amachokera. Mabedi osanja, misasa, ndi zowunikira zimatulutsa cheza cha UV. Iwo sali otetezeka kuposa kutentha kwa dzuwa, komanso samakonzekera khungu lanu kuti liwombe dzuwa.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, khungu lakunyumba limaonedwa kuti limayambitsa khansa kwa anthu. Kafukufuku wasonyezanso kuti mabedi ofufuta zikopa amachulukitsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya khansa ngakhale mutapsa.

Kusintha kwa chibadwa

Kusintha kwa majini kumatha kubadwa kapena kupezedwa munthawi ya moyo wanu. Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri omwe amapezeka ndi khansa ya khansa ndi BRAF oncogene.

Malinga ndi, pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya khansa yomwe imafalikira, kapena khansa ya khansa yomwe singathe kuchotsedwa ndi opareshoni, amasintha majini a BRAF.

Kusintha kwina kwa majini ndi awa:

• NRAS
• Chidwi
• Zamgululi
• C-KIT

Zochepa zomwe zimayambitsa

Mukamaliza misomali ku salon, mwina mwaika zala zanu pansi pa kuwala kwa UV kuti ziume.

Kafukufuku wocheperako yemwe adafotokozedwapo akuwonetsa kuti kuwonekera kwa magetsi a msomali a UV ndichomwe chimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu. Pomwe kufufuza kwina kuli kofunika, olemba kafukufuku amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina kuti muumitse misomali yanu.

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu ndi monga:

• kuwonetsedwa mobwerezabwereza ndi X-ray kapena CT scan
• zipsera chifukwa cha zilonda zamoto kapena matenda
• kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala ena, monga arsenic

Zomwe sizinatsimikizidwe kuti zimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu?

Zojambula

Palibe umboni kuti ma tattoo amayambitsa khansa yapakhungu. Komabe, ndizowona kuti ma tattoo amatha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwona khansa yapakhungu koyambirira.

Ndibwino kuti mupewe kujambula tattoo pa mole kapena malo ena omwe angakhale ovuta.

Onetsetsani khungu lanu nthawi zina. Onani dermatologist nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona chilichonse chokayikitsa.

Chophimba cha dzuwa

Ndi kwanzeru kuganizira zosakaniza za chinthu chilichonse chomwe mwaika pakhungu lanu, kuphatikizapo zoteteza ku dzuwa. Koma akatswiri ku MD Anderson Cancer Center ndi Harvard Medical School ati palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti zoteteza ku dzuwa zimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu.

Pamodzi ndi American Cancer Society (ACS), akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa zomwe zimatchinga cheza cha UVA ndi UVB.

Zodzoladzola ndi zinthu zosamalira khungu

Zodzikongoletsera zambiri, chisamaliro cha khungu, ndi zinthu zina zosamalira anthu zimakhala ndi mindandanda yazinthu zambiri. Zina mwazipanganazi zitha kukhala zowononga zambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, zodzoladzola ndi zinthu zodzisamalira sizikhala ndi milingo yambiri yokwanira yoyambitsa khansa.

Malinga ndi ACS, sipanakhale maphunziro okwanira a nthawi yayitali mwa anthu kuti anene za chiopsezo cha khansa. Koma, ziwopsezo zathanzi zakukhalitsa kwa nthawi yayitali ndi poizoni wina sizingathetsedwe kwathunthu.

Ngati muli ndi nkhawa ndi mankhwala omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito, onani zosakaniza ndikufunsani ndi dermatologist.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?

Aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi khansa yapakhungu, koma zinthu zina zimatha kuwonjezera ngozi. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• wokhala ndi khungu loyera kapena lakuthwa
• atakhala ndi chiwopsezo chimodzi chowopsa, chowotcha dzuwa, makamaka ngati mwana kapena wachinyamata
• kukhala padzuwa kwanthawi yayitali
• mabedi okumbira khungu, misasa, kapena nyali
• okhala munyengo yotentha kwambiri
• timadontho-timadontho, makamaka zachilendo
• zotupa pakhungu
• mbiri ya banja la khansa yapakhungu
• kufooketsa chitetezo chamthupi
• kukhudzana ndi radiation, kuphatikiza radiation mankhwala akhungu
• kukhudzana ndi arsenic kapena mankhwala ena ogwira ntchito
• xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), vuto lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha chibadwa chobadwa nacho
• zosintha zina zobadwa nazo kapena zobadwa nazo

Ngati mwakhalapo ndi khansa yapakhungu kamodzi, muli pachiwopsezo chotenganso.

Matenda a khansa amapezeka kwambiri mwa azungu omwe si a ku Puerto Rico. Ndizofala kwambiri mwa akazi kuposa amuna asanakwanitse zaka 50, koma ndizofala kwambiri mwa amuna atakwanitsa zaka 65.

Nthawi yoti mupeze chisamaliro

Onani dokotala wanu ngati muwona kusintha pakhungu lanu, monga chotupa chatsopano cha khungu, mole yatsopano, kapena kusintha kwa mole yomwe ilipo kale.

Basal cell carcinoma imatha kuwoneka ngati:

• kakhosi kakang'ono, koterera pankhope kapena pakhosi
• chotupa chofiyira chofiirira, kapena chofiirira m'manja, miyendo, kapena thunthu

Squamous cell carcinoma imatha kuwoneka ngati:

• nsonga yolimba, yofiira
• chotupa chokhwima, chotupa ndi kuyabwa, kutuluka magazi, kapena kutuluka

Matenda a khansa ya khansa akhoza kuwoneka ngati bampu, chigamba kapena mole. Zimakhala:

• asymmetric (mbali imodzi ndiyosiyana ndi inayo)
• adagwedezeka kuzungulira m'mbali
• yopanda utoto, yomwe imatha kukhala yoyera, yofiira, yamtambo, yofiirira, yakuda, kapena yamtambo
• kukula kukula
• kusintha maonekedwe kapena momwe akumvera, monga kuyabwa kapena kutuluka magazi

Mfundo yofunika

Chimene chimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu ndikutuluka padzuwa. Kuwonetsedwa muubwana kumatha kudzetsa khansa yapakhungu mtsogolo.

Ngakhale pali zovuta zina zomwe sitingathe kuzithandiza, monga chibadwa, pali zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse vuto la khansa yapakhungu. Izi zikuphatikiza kuteteza khungu lanu kumayendedwe a UV, kupewa mabedi ofufuta, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa

Onani dokotala wanu ngati muwona kusintha kwachilendo pakhungu lanu. Khansa yapakhungu ikapezeka msanga, imachiritsidwa.