Kodi Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Sitiroko Ndi Yotani?

Zamkati

• Kodi sitiroko ndi chiyani?
• Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sitiroko ndi iti?
• Kuukira kwakanthawi kochepa
• Chilonda cha ischemic
• Sitiroko yotaya magazi
• Kodi zizindikiro za sitiroko ndi ziti?
• Kodi stroko ingayambitse mavuto otani?
• Kodi sitiroko imachiritsidwa bwanji?
• TIA
• Chilonda cha ischemic
• Sitiroko yotaya magazi
• Kodi malingaliro amtundu uliwonse wamatendawa ndi otani?

Kodi sitiroko ndi chiyani?

Sitiroko ndi vuto lazachipatala lomwe limachitika magazi akamalowa muubongo wanu. Popanda magazi, maselo anu aubongo amayamba kufa. Izi zimatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zowopsa, kulumala kwanthawi yayitali, ngakhalenso kufa.

Pali mitundu yoposa imodzi ya sitiroko. Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe za mitundu itatu yayikulu ya sitiroko, zizindikiro zawo, ndi chithandizo.

Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sitiroko ndi iti?

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya sitiroko: kusakhazikika kwa ischemic, stroke, ischemic, ndi hemorrhagic stroke. Akuti 87 peresenti ya sitiroko ndi ischemic.

Kuukira kwakanthawi kochepa

Madokotala amatchulanso chenjezo loti ischemic attack (TIA) chosakhalitsa kapena chenjezo. Chilichonse chomwe chimatseka kwakanthawi magazi kulowa muubongo wanu chimayambitsa TIA. Matenda a magazi ndi TIA amakhala kwakanthawi kochepa.

Chilonda cha ischemic

Sitiroko ya ischemic imachitika magazi atatseka magazi kuti asafike kuubongo wanu. Magazi amagazi nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha atherosclerosis, yomwe imakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo mkati mwamitsempha yamagazi. Gawo lamafutawa limatha kusiya ndikuletsa magazi kuyenda muubongo wanu. Lingaliro ndilofanana ndi la matenda amtima, pomwe magazi amatseka magazi kutseguka mpaka gawo lina la mtima wanu.

Sitiroko ya ischemic imatha kukhala yopanda tanthauzo, kutanthauza kuti magazi amatuluka kuchokera mbali ina ya thupi lanu kupita kuubongo wanu. Pafupifupi 15 peresenti ya zikwapu zophatikizika zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda otchedwa atrial fibrillation, pomwe mtima wanu umagunda mosasinthasintha.

Sitiroko ya thrombotic ndi sitiroko ya ischemic yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi khungu lomwe limapanga chotengera chamagazi muubongo wanu.

Mosiyana ndi TIA, magazi omwe amachititsa kuti ischemic stroke isapite popanda chithandizo.

Sitiroko yotaya magazi

Sitiroko yotuluka magazi imatuluka mumitsempha yamagazi muubongo wanu ikuswa kapena kuthyoka, ndikuthira magazi m'matumba oyandikana nawo.

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya mitsempha yotuluka magazi: Yoyamba ndi aneurysm, yomwe imayambitsa gawo la magazi ofooka kubaluni kunja ndipo nthawi zina imaphulika.Chimodzi ndi kupindika kwamitsempha, komwe kumakhudza mitsempha yamagazi yopangidwa modabwitsa. Mitsempha yamagazi yoteroyo ikaphulika, imatha kuyambitsa matenda opha magazi. Pomaliza, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi kumatha kuyambitsa kufooka kwa mitsempha yaying'ono muubongo ndikupangitsanso magazi muubongo.

Kodi zizindikiro za sitiroko ndi ziti?

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sitiroko imayambitsa zizindikiro zofananira chifukwa chilichonse chimakhudza kuyenda kwa magazi muubongo wanu. Njira yokhayo yodziwira mtundu wa sitiroko yomwe mungakhale nayo ndikupita kuchipatala. Dokotala amalamula mayeso oyeserera kuti awone ubongo wanu.

National Stroke Association ikulimbikitsa njira FAST yothandizira kuzindikira zizindikiritso za sitiroko:

• Nkhope: Mukamwetulira, kodi mbali imodzi ya nkhope yanu yagwa?
• Zida: Mukakweza manja anu awiri, dzanja limodzi limagwera pansi?
• Kulankhula: Kodi simulankhula bwino? Kodi zikukuvutani kuyankhula?
• Nthawi: Ngati mukukumana ndi izi, itanani 911 mwachangu.

Zizindikiro zowonjezera zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kufotokoza kwa FAST ndizo:

• kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi, monga kumvetsetsa zomwe munthu akunena
• kuyenda movutikira, chizungulire mwadzidzidzi, kapena kutayika kwa mgwirizano
• mwadzidzidzi, mutu waukulu womwe ulibe chifukwa china chodziwika
• zovuta kuwona m'maso amodzi kapena onse awiri

TIA iyambitsa zizindikirazi kwakanthawi kochepa, nthawi zambiri kuyambira mphindi imodzi mpaka isanu. Komabe, simuyenera kunyalanyaza zizindikiro za sitiroko, ngakhale zitachoka msanga.

Kodi stroko ingayambitse mavuto otani?

Sitiroko ndi vuto ladzidzidzi lachipatala pa chifukwa - limatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zowopsa pamoyo. Ubongo umayang'anira ntchito zazikulu m'moyo wamunthu. Popanda magazi, ubongo wanu sungathe kusamalira kupuma, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zina zambiri. Zovuta zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa stroke komanso ngati mutha kulandira chithandizo. Zitsanzo za zovuta ndizo:

Khalidwe limasintha: Kukhala ndi stroke kungayambitse kukhumudwa kapena kuda nkhawa. Muthanso kusintha pamakhalidwe anu, monga kukhala wopupuluma kapena kusiya kucheza ndi ena.

Mavuto olankhula: Sitiroko imatha kukhudza magawo amubongo wanu okhudzana ndi kuyankhula komanso kumeza. Zotsatira zake, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta kuwerenga, kulemba, kapena kumvetsetsa anthu ena akamayankhula.

Kunjenjemera kapena kupweteka: Sitiroko ikhoza kuyambitsa dzanzi ndikuchepetsa kutengeka m'magawo amthupi lanu. Izi zitha kukhala zopweteka. Nthawi zina kuvulala kwa ubongo kumathandizanso kuti muzitha kuzindikira kutentha. Matendawa amadziwika kuti kupweteka kwapakati ndipo kumatha kukhala kovuta kuchiza.

Kufa ziwalo: Chifukwa cha momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito kuwongolera mayendedwe, stroko kumanja kwaubongo wanu imatha kukhudza kuyenda kumanzere kwa thupi lanu komanso mosemphanitsa. Omwe adadwala sitiroko sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito minofu ya nkhope kapena kusuntha mkono mbali imodzi.

Mutha kuyambiranso kuyendetsa galimoto, kuyankhula, kapena kumeza mukatha kudwala sitiroko pakukonzanso. Komabe, izi zimatha kutenga nthawi kuti mupezenso.

Kodi sitiroko imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha sitiroko chimadalira pazinthu zambiri. Izi zikuphatikiza mtundu womwe ulipo komanso utali wautali. Mukachedwa kupeza thandizo mukadwala sitiroko, ndipamenenso mumakhala bwino.

TIA

Chithandizo cha TIA chimaphatikizapo kumwa mankhwala omwe angathandize kupewa sitiroko mtsogolo. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo ma antiplatelets ndi ma anticoagulants.

Ma antiplatelets amachepetsa mwayi woti zigawo zamagazi anu zotchedwa ma platelets zizigwirizana ndikupanga chotsekemera. Aspirin ndi clopidogrel (Plavix) ndi mankhwala ochepetsa khungu.

Maanticoagulants ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni. Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwalawa, kuphatikiza warfarin (Coumadin) ndi dabigatran (Pradaxa).

Dokotala angalimbikitsenso opaleshoni yotchedwa carotid endarterectomy. Izi zimachotsa zolembera m'mitsempha ya carotid ya khosi lanu, yomwe imayambitsa sitiroko.

Chilonda cha ischemic

Mankhwala amisala omwe mumalandira amadalira kutengera msanga kuchipatala. Zimadaliranso mbiri yanu yazachipatala.

Ngati mukufuna chithandizo mkati mwa maola atatu chifukwa cha sitiroko, dokotala wanu atha kukupatsani mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti tishu plasminogen activator (tPA). Mankhwalawa, omwe amaperekedwa kudzera mu IV, amatha kupukutira magazi. Komabe, si anthu onse omwe angalandire tPA chifukwa choopsa kutuluka magazi. Dokotala wanu ayenera kuganizira mosamalitsa mbiri yanu yazachipatala musanapereke tPA.

Madokotala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochotsera magazi kapena kupereka mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuubongo wanu.

Sitiroko yotaya magazi

Mankhwala opatsirana ndi stroke amatanthauza kuyesa kuyimitsa magazi muubongo wanu ndikuchepetsa zovuta zomwe zimadza chifukwa chamagazi akutuluka magazi. Zotsatira zoyipazi zimatha kuphatikizira kukakamizidwa kwamphamvu. Njira zopangira opangira zimaphatikizapo kudula kapena kupindika kwa opaleshoni. Izi zimapangidwa kuti zotengera zamagazi zisatuluke mtsogolo.

Mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse kukakamizidwa. Mwinanso mungafunike kuthiridwa magazi kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa zinthu zokutira magazi m'magazi anu kuti muyese kutaya magazi.

Kodi malingaliro amtundu uliwonse wamatendawa ndi otani?

Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi TIA adzadwala sitiroko isanathe chaka. Kufunafuna chithandizo kumachepetsa mwayi woti izi zichitike.

Ngati munthu wadwala sitiroko, chiopsezo chake chokhala china chikuwonjezeka. Akuyerekeza kuti gawo limodzi mwa anayi mwa anthu omwe adachitidwa sitiroko adzakhala ndi wina pasanathe zaka zisanu.

Pali zosintha zambiri pamoyo zomwe mungatenge kuti muchepetse ziwopsezo zakukhala ndi sitiroko kapena kubwerezabwereza. Zitsanzo ndi izi:

• kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi
• kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi kuti mukhale ndi kulemera kwakanthawi kokwanira kwanu
• kuchepetsa kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa ndi kuchepetsa zakumwa zosaposera chimodzi patsiku kwa akazi ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri patsiku kwa amuna
• kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amadziwika kuti amachititsa sitiroko, monga cocaine ndi methamphetamines
• kumwa mankhwala monga momwe akufotokozera kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikulimbikitsa kuwongolera magazi m'magazi
• kuvala chovala chopitilira mpweya chabwino ngati mukupuma movutikira kuti muchepetse zofuna za mtima wanu

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zomwe mungachepetsere chiopsezo chanu cha stroke.