Mavuto a chithokomiro wamba 8 ndi momwe mungadziwire

Zamkati

• 1. Hyperthyroidism kapena Hypothyroidism
• 2. Chithokomiro - Kutupa kwa chithokomiro
• 3. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
• 4. Postpartum thyroiditis
• 5. Chotupa
• 6. Matenda a Manda
• 7. Chotupa cha chithokomiro
• 8. Khansa ya chithokomiro
• Momwe mungadziwire mavuto a chithokomiro

Chithokomiro ndimatenda omwe ali mkatikati mwa khosi, omwe ali ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuthandizira kuwongolera kagayidwe kabwino ka thupi, kogwirizana ndi magwiridwe antchito amtima, ubongo, chiwindi ndi impso. Kuphatikiza apo, chithokomiro chimakhudzanso kukula, kusamba, kubereka, kulemera ndi malingaliro.

Zotsatirazi ndizotheka chifukwa chithokomiro chimatulutsa mahomoni T3 ndi T4 m'magazi, kuti athe kufalikira mthupi lonse. Chithokomiro chimayang'aniridwa ndi pituitary gland, gland ina yomwe ili muubongo yomwe, imayang'aniridwa ndi dera laubongo lotchedwa hypothalamus. Chifukwa chake, kusintha kulikonse kwa zigawozi kumatha kubweretsa zovuta komanso zizindikilo zokhudzana ndi chithokomiro.

Kulephera kwa chithokomiro kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zovuta zingapo, ndipo kuwunika kwa dokotala kokha ndi komwe kumatha kusiyanitsa ndikuwatsimikizira, komabe, awa ndi ena mwa omwe amapezeka kwambiri:

1. Hyperthyroidism kapena Hypothyroidism

Hypo ndi hyperthyroidism ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni obisika ndi chithokomiro, ndipo amatha kukhala ndi vuto lobadwa nalo, lokhalokha, lotupa kapena lachiwiri ku matenda ena kapena zoyipa zina zamankhwala, mwachitsanzo.

Kawirikawiri, mu hyperthyroidism pali kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga mahomoni T3 ndi T4 ndi kuchepa kwa TSH, pamene mu hypothyroidism pali kuchepa kwa T3 ndi T4 ndi kuwonjezeka kwa TSH, komabe, pakhoza kukhala kusiyana malinga ndi chifukwa .

Kuti mudziwe zambiri pazizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsa matendawa, onani zisonyezo zomwe zimawonetsa zovuta za chithokomiro.

2. Chithokomiro - Kutupa kwa chithokomiro

Chithokomiro ndikutupa kwa chithokomiro, komwe kumatha kuchitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo matenda a ma virus, monga coxsackievirus, adenovirus ndi ma mumps ndi chikuku ma virus, autoimmunity, kapena kuledzera ndi mankhwala ena, monga amiodarone, mwachitsanzo.

Chithokomiro chimatha kudziwonetsera mwamphamvu, modzidzimutsa kapena mwa mawonekedwe osachiritsika, ndipo zizindikirazo zimachokera kuzizindikiro mpaka kuzizindikiro zowonjezereka zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwa chithokomiro, zovuta kumeza, malungo kapena kuzizira, mwachitsanzo, kutengera chifukwa. Mvetsetsani momwe chithokomiro chimachitikira komanso zomwe zimayambitsa.

3. Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Hashimoto's thyroiditis ndi mtundu wa autoimmune thyroiditis, womwe umayambitsa kutupa, kuwonongeka kwa khungu kenako kuwonongeka kwa chithokomiro, komwe sikungatulutse mahomoni okwanira m'magazi.

Mu matendawa chithokomiro chimakula kukula, kuyambitsa matenda opatsirana, ndipo zizindikiro za hypothyroidism kapena kusinthasintha kwa nthawi ya hyper ndi hypothyroidism kumatha kupezeka. Ndi matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha omwe amapanga ma antibodies monga anti-thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg), anti-TSH receptor (anti-TSHr). Onani chithandizochi podina apa.

4. Postpartum thyroiditis

Postpartum thyroiditis ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa autoimmune thyroiditis, yomwe imakhudza azimayi mpaka miyezi 12 mwana akabadwa, yomwe imafala kwambiri mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba kapena matenda ena amthupi okha.

Pakati pa mimba, mayiyo amakumana ndi zotupa za mwanayo, komanso kupewa kukana, chitetezo cha mthupi chimasinthidwa kangapo, zomwe zitha kuwonjezera mwayi wopanga matenda amthupi. Kusintha kumeneku kumawonekera ndi zizindikilo za hypothyroidism, koma sikuti nthawi zonse amafunikira chithandizo chifukwa chithokomiro chimatha kubwerera mwakale m'miyezi 6 mpaka 12.

5. Chotupa

Goiter ndi kukula kukula kwa chithokomiro. Zitha kukhala ndi zifukwa zingapo, kuphatikiza kusowa kwa ayodini, kutupa kwa chithokomiro chifukwa chamatenda amthupi kapena kupangika kwaminyewa mu chithokomiro, ndipo kumatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo monga kukhazikika pakhosi, kuvutika kumeza, kuuma, kukhosomola, komanso kwambiri, ngakhale kupuma movutikira.

Chithandizo chake chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi chifukwa chake, ndipo chitha kukhala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ayodini, mankhwala a hyper kapena hypothyroidism kapena, pamagulu ndi zotupa, ngakhale magwiridwe antchito a chithokomiro. Phunzirani zambiri za chotupa chotere, momwe mungachizindikirire ndikuchizira.

6. Matenda a Manda

Matenda a manda ndi mtundu wa hyperthyroidism chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa autoimmune, ndipo kuwonjezera pazizindikiro za hyperthyroidism, imatha kupereka chithokomiro chokulitsa, maso otuluka (palpebral retraction), mapangidwe a zikopa zolimba komanso zofiira pansi pa khungu (myxedema).

Chithandizochi chimachitika ndikuwongolera mahomoni amtundu wa chithokomiro, ndi mankhwala monga Propiltiouracil kapena Metimazole, mwachitsanzo, kapena ayodini ya radioactive.Onani zambiri zamazizindikiro ndi chithandizo cha matendawa Pano.

7. Chotupa cha chithokomiro

Chifukwa cha chotupa kapena nodule mu chithokomiro sichimapezeka nthawi zonse. Pali mitundu ingapo yamavuto mu chithokomiro, ndipo mwamwayi ambiri aiwo ndi owopsa, ndipo amatha kuwonekera kudzera chotupa m'katikati mwa khosi, chomwe sichimapweteka, koma chomwe chimawoneka munthuyo akameza chakudya, chifukwa Mwachitsanzo.

Itha kudziwika ndi palpation, ndi mayeso monga ultrasound, tomography ndi scintigraphy ya chithokomiro, ndipo nthawi zina adotolo amatha kuyitanitsa kuti adziwe mtundu wake komanso ngati ali wowopsa kapena woyipa. Nthawi zambiri, mutu wokhawo umangoyang'aniridwa, kupatula ngati munthuyo ali ndi zizindikilo, pomwe pali chiopsezo cha khansa ya chithokomiro kapena nthendayi ikasintha mawonekedwe ake kapena ikukula kuposa 1 cm. Onani zambiri podina apa.

8. Khansa ya chithokomiro

Ndi chotupa choipa cha chithokomiro, ndipo chikapezeka, kuyesa, monga thupi lonse, kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti mudziwe ngati ziwalo zina za thupi zakhudzidwa. Mankhwalawa amachitika ndikuchotsa chithokomiro kudzera pakuchita opareshoni, ndipo mwina pangafunike mankhwala ena othandizira monga kugwiritsa ntchito ayodini wa radioactive, mwachitsanzo. Pakakhala zotupa zowopsa komanso zamwano, radiotherapy itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito. Onani zizindikiro 7 zomwe zingasonyeze khansa ya chithokomiro.

Onaninso vidiyo yotsatirayi ndikuphunzirani chakudya chomwe mungadye mukalandira chithandizo cha khansa ya chithokomiro:

Momwe mungadziwire mavuto a chithokomiro

Mayeso omwe angawonetse kupezeka kwa kusintha kwa chithokomiro ndi muyeso wa T3, T4 ndi TSH m'magazi, kuphatikiza ena monga muyeso wa antibody, ultrasound, scintigraphy kapena biopsy, omwe atha kulamulidwa ndi endocrinologist kuti afufuze bwino chifukwa chake Zosintha. Phunzirani zambiri za mayeso omwe amayesa chithokomiro.