Toxocariasis: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro zazikulu, chithandizo ndi momwe mungapewere

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Momwe mungapewere toxocariasis

Toxocariasis ndi parasitosis yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi tiziromboti Toxocara sp., yomwe imatha kukhala m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono amphaka ndi agalu ndikufika m'thupi la munthu kudzera kukhudzana ndi ndowe zodetsedwa ndi ndowe za agalu ndi amphaka omwe ali ndi kachilombo, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa kupweteka m'mimba, malungo kapena kuchepa kwamaso, mwachitsanzo.

Anthu amatchedwa makamu mwangozi, chifukwa tizilomboti nthawi zambiri timasinthidwa osati thupi la munthu, koma nyama zoweta zokha. Chifukwa chake pomwe anthu mwangozi amakumana ndi Toxocara sp., mphutsi zimatha kupita mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi, zimayambitsa matenda ndi ma syndromes ena, monga:

• Visceral Larva migrans syndrome kapena visceral toxocariasis, momwe tizilomboto timasamukira ku viscera, komwe timatha kukula ndikukhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana;
• Matenda a Ocular Larva migrans kapena ocular toxocariasis, mmene tizilomboto timasamukira kumpira wa diso.

Matenda a toxocariasis amapezeka kwambiri kwa ana omwe amasewera pansi, pansi kapena mumchenga, mwachitsanzo, koma zimathanso kuchitika kwa achikulire omwe adalumikizana ndi malo omwewo. Chithandizo chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zizindikilo zomwe zawonetsedwa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana kapena kugwiritsa ntchito madontho amaso ndi corticosteroids kungalimbikitsidwe, ngati toxocariasis ya ocular, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za toxocariasis mwa anthu zimachitika pakulowetsa mwangozi mazira opatsirana kuchokera ku Toxocara sp. alipo mumchenga, nthaka ndi nthaka, mwachitsanzo. Mphutsi zomwe zimapezeka m'mazirawa zimayamba m'matumbo mwa anthu ndikupita kumatumba osiyanasiyana, zimayambitsa matenda.

Pankhani ya visceral toxocariasis, mphutsi zimatha kufikira chiwindi, mtima, mapapo, ubongo kapena minofu, mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi izi:

• Malungo pamwamba 38ºC;
• Chifuwa chosatha;
• Kupuma ndi kupuma movutikira;
• Kupweteka m'mimba;
• Kukulitsa chiwindi, komwe kumatchedwanso hepatomegaly;
• Hypereosinophilia, yomwe ikufanana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa eosinophil m'magazi;
• Mawonetseredwe ochepetsetsa, monga pruritus, eczema ndi vasculitis.

Pankhani ya toxocariasis ya ocular, zizindikilo zimawoneka pamene mphutsi zimafika pa diso, ndi kufiira kwa diso, kupweteka kapena kuyabwa m'maso, mawanga oyera pa mwana, photophobia, kusawona bwino ndikuchepetsa masomphenya, mwachitsanzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyamba kwa zizindikilo kumatha kusiyananso kutengera kuchuluka kwa tiziromboti m'thupi la munthu komanso chitetezo chamthupi. Chifukwa chake, ngati pali kukayikira kuti matenda ali ndi toxocariasis, tikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi dokotala, ngati munthu wamkulu, kapena dokotala wa ana, kwa mwanayo, kuti matendawa athe kupangidwa ndikuyamba kulandira mankhwala.

Kupezeka kwa toxocariasis yaumunthu kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kumangotsimikiziridwa pambuyo poti chizindikirocho chizindikiridwe kudzera mu biopsy ya minofu, popeza kuti tizilomboti sitimapezeka mu ndowe. Komabe, ndizotheka kuzindikira kupezeka kwa ma antibodies motsutsana ndi tiziromboti m'magazi a wodwalayo kudzera mumayeso am'magazi ndi serological, omwe atha kukhala othandiza pakuwazindikira.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha toxocariasis yaumunthu chiyenera kutsogozedwa ndi dokotala kapena dokotala wa ana, ndipo zimadalira zizindikiro zomwe munthuyo wapereka. Pankhani ya visceral toxocariasis, chithandizo chomwe dokotala akuwonetsa chimakhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga Albendazole, Tiabendazole kapena Mebendazole kawiri patsiku kwa masiku 5 kapena malinga ndi malingaliro azachipatala.

Pankhani ya toxocariasis ya ocular, zotsatira za mankhwala opatsirana pogonana sizikutsimikiziridwa bwino, popeza ndikulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti ophthalmologist amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito madontho amaso ndi corticosteroids kuti athetse zizindikilo ndikupewa kupitilira kwa matenda omwe akutsogolera kukulira a zotupa zosatha diso.

Momwe mungapewere toxocariasis

Kupewa matenda mwa Toxocara sp., Unduna wa Zaumoyo umalimbikitsa kuti ziweto nthawi ndi nthawi zizipititsidwa kwa dokotala wa ziweto kuti akalandire tizirombo komanso kusamala za kuthetsedwa kwa ndowe za nyama ndi malo omwe amapezeka.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusamba m'manja mutalumikizana ndi ziweto, kuti ana asasewere m'malo omwe nyama zoweta zimakhalapo ndikusambitsa malo omwe nyamayo imakhalamo, kamodzi pamlungu.