Kulimbikitsa Kufala kwa HIV

Zamkati

• HIV ndi chiyani?
• Matenda kudzera m'madzi amthupi
• Kutengera kwa kufalitsa
• Malo osungira magazi ndi zopereka zamagulu ndizabwino
• Kukhudzana ndi kupsompsonana ndi zotetezeka
• Kufalitsa nkhani zabodza: ​​Kuluma, kukanda, ndi kulavulira
• Zosankha zogonana motetezeka
• Sambani singano
• Maphunziro amathetsa nthano komanso kusalana

HIV ndi chiyani?

Kachilombo ka HIV (HIV) ndi kachilombo kamene kamawononga chitetezo cha mthupi. HIV imatha kuyambitsa matenda a immunodeficiency syndrome (Edzi), matenda opatsirana mochedwa a HIV omwe amachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi ndipo amatha kupha, ngati atapanda kuchiritsidwa.

Wina akhoza kufalitsa kachilombo ka HIV kwa wina nthawi zina. Kuzindikira zowona m'malo mokhulupirira zabodza zokhudzana ndi kufalitsa kachirombo ka HIV kumatha kuteteza kufalikira kwachinyengo komanso kufalitsa kachirombo ka HIV.

Matenda kudzera m'madzi amthupi

HIV ikhoza kufalikira kudzera mumadzi ena amthupi omwe amatha kukhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Madzi awa amaphatikizapo magazi, umuna, ukazi ndi zotsekemera, ndi mkaka wa m'mawere.

HIV imafalikira pamene madzi ochokera kwa munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo koyesa mthupi mwake (ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV) amadutsa molunjika m'magazi kapena kudzera munjenje, mabala, kapena zilonda zotseguka za munthu yemwe alibe HIV (alibe HIV).

Madzi amniotic ndi msana amatha kukhala ndi HIV ndipo atha kuyika chiopsezo kwa ogwira ntchito azaumoyo omwe amawapeza. Madzi ena amthupi, monga misozi ndi malovu, SANGATHE kufalitsa matendawa.

Kutengera kwa kufalitsa

Kudziwika ndi kachirombo ka HIV kumachitika panthawi yogonana. Kugonana kumaliseche ndi kumatako kuli ndi chiopsezo chotenga kachirombo ka HIV, ngati kuwululidwa. Pali zomwe zachitika pakufalitsa kachilombo ka HIV kudzera m'kamwa, koma zimawerengedwa kuti ndizosowa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kufala pogonana.

Kugonana kumatako kumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo pakati pa zogonana. Kutuluka magazi kumachitika nthawi yakugonana kumatako chifukwa chamatumba osalimba omwe amakhala pamtsempha ndi ngalande ya kumatako. Izi zimathandiza kuti kachilomboka kaloŵe m'thupi mosavuta ngakhale ngati magazi sakuwoneka, chifukwa kutuluka kwa mucous mucosa kumatha kukhala kochepetsetsa.

HIV imafalanso kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana nthawi yapakati, yobereka komanso kudzera mukuyamwitsa.Zochitika zilizonse zomwe wina angakhudzidwe ndi magazi a munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndipo ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kapena kachilombo ka HIV zingakhale zoopsa. Izi zikuphatikiza kugawana masingano a jakisoni wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kulemba mphini ndi zida zoyipitsidwa. Malangizo a chitetezo nthawi zambiri amateteza matenda obwera chifukwa cha magazi.

Malo osungira magazi ndi zopereka zamagulu ndizabwino

Chiwopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV chifukwa chothiridwa magazi, zinthu zina zamagazi, kapena zopereka kuchokera ku ziwalo tsopano ndizosowa kwambiri ku United States. adayamba kuyesa magazi onse operekedwa ku HIV mu 1985, atadwala atazindikira kuti magazi operekedwa atha kukhala kachilombo ka HIV. Kuyesa kovuta kwambiri kunachitika mzaka za m'ma 1990 kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo cha magazi ndi ziwalo zoperekedwa. Zopereka zamagazi zomwe zimapezeka kuti zili ndi kachilombo ka HIV zimatayidwa bwino ndipo sizilowa m'magazi aku U.S. Chiwopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV mukamathiridwa magazi chikuyembekezeka kukhala, malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Kukhudzana ndi kupsompsonana ndi zotetezeka

Palibe chifukwa choopera kuti kupsompsonana kapena kucheza pafupipafupi ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kungafalitse HIV. Kachilomboka sikukhala pakhungu ndipo sikutha kukhala nthawi yayitali kunja kwa thupi. Chifukwa chake, kulumikizana mwachisawawa, monga kugwirana manja, kukumbatirana, kapena kukhala pafupi ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, sikungafalitse kachilomboka.

Kupsompsonana pakamwa palokha siwopsezanso. Kupsompsonana pakamwa, kotsekuka kumatha kukhala pachiwopsezo pakakhala magazi owoneka, monga kutuluka magazi m'kamwa kapena zilonda mkamwa. Komabe, izi ndizosowa kwambiri. Malovu samapatsira kachirombo ka HIV.

Kufalitsa nkhani zabodza: ​​Kuluma, kukanda, ndi kulavulira

Kukanda ndi kulavulira si njira zopatsira HIV. Kukanda sikumabweretsa kusinthana kwa madzi amthupi. Kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi mukamakoka magazi kumathandiza kuteteza kufalikira ngati kupezeka mwangozi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka kumachitika. Kuluma kosathyola khungu sikungafalitsenso kachilombo ka HIV. Komabe, kuluma komwe kumatsegula khungu ndikupangitsa kutuluka magazi kutha - ngakhale pakhala pali zocheperako zochepa chabe za kuluma kwa anthu zomwe zimapangitsa kupwetekedwa kokwanira pakhungu kupatsira HIV.

Zosankha zogonana motetezeka

Mutha kudziteteza ku kachirombo ka HIV pogwiritsa ntchito njira zogonana zodalirika, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu komanso kumwa pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Gwiritsani kondomu yatsopano nthawi zonse mukamagonana, mkamwa, kapena kumatako. Kumbukirani kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangira madzi kapena silicon okhala ndi makondomu. Zogulitsa zamafuta zitha kuwononga lalabala, ndikuwonjezera ngozi zakulephera kwa kondomu.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) ndi mankhwala a tsiku ndi tsiku omwe munthu wopanda HIV angamwe kuti achepetse kutenga kachirombo ka HIV. Malinga ndi CDC, kugwiritsa ntchito PrEP tsiku ndi tsiku kumachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV pogonana ndi

Kugonana motetezeka kumaphatikizaponso kulumikizana momasuka ndi wokondedwa wanu. Kambiranani za kuopsa kogonana kosagwiritsa ntchito kondomu, ndikugawana nawo HIV. Ngati mnzanu amene ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV akumamwa mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV, atangofika pamtundu wosavomerezeka wa ma virus sangathe kupatsira kachilombo ka HIV. Wokondedwa yemwe alibe HIV akuyenera kuyesedwa ngati ali ndi HIV komanso matenda ena opatsirana pogonana.

Sambani singano

Kugwiritsa ntchito singano zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena ma tattoo kumatha kufalitsa kachilombo ka HIV. Madera ambiri amapereka mapulogalamu osinthana ndi singano omwe amapereka singano zoyera kuti achepetse kufala kwa kachirombo ka HIV ndi matenda ena monga matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis C. Gwiritsani ntchito chida ichi pakufunika, ndikupempha thandizo kwa othandizira kapena othandizira pantchito zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Maphunziro amathetsa nthano komanso kusalana

HIV itangobwera kumene, kukhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV kunali chilango chonyongedwa chomwe chimasalidwa kwambiri. Ofufuza aphunzira za kufalikira kwambiri ndipo apanga mankhwala omwe amalola anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo kuti azikhala ndi moyo wautali, wopindulitsa komanso kuthana ndi chiopsezo chilichonse chotenga kachilombo ka HIV panthawi yogonana.

Masiku ano, kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro a HIV ndikuletsa zikhulupiriro zonena za kufalikira kwa kachilombo ka HIV ndi njira zabwino zothanirana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.

Werengani nkhaniyi m'Chisipanishi.