Zoopsa zamaso

Zowopsa m'maso zimaphatikizapo kudula, kukanda, zinthu m'maso, kuwotcha, kuwonekera kwamankhwala, komanso kuvulala kwamaso m'diso kapena chikope. Matenda ena amaso ndi zina zamankhwala, monga kuundana kwamagazi kapena glaucoma, angafunikirenso chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo. Popeza diso limawonongeka mosavuta, chilichonse mwazimenezi chimatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa masomphenya ngati sichichiritsidwa.

Ndikofunika kupita kuchipatala chifukwa chovulala m'maso kapena chikope ndi mavuto. Mavuto amaso (monga diso lofiyira lopweteka kapena kutayika kwamaso) omwe sali chifukwa chovulala amafunikiranso kuchipatala mwachangu.

Zadzidzidzi pamaso zimaphatikizira izi:

KUZUNZIDWA

• Diso lakuda nthawi zambiri limayamba chifukwa chakuvutitsidwa mwachindunji kwa diso kapena nkhope. Chotupacho chimayamba chifukwa chakutuluka magazi pakhungu. Minofu yozungulira diso imasanduka yakuda komanso yabuluu, pang'onopang'ono imakhala yofiirira, yobiriwira, komanso yachikasu masiku angapo. Mtundu wosazolowereka umasowa pakadutsa milungu iwiri. Kutupa kwa chikope ndi minofu kuzungulira diso kumatha kuchitika.
• Mitundu ina ya zigawenga zimatha kupweteketsa m'maso, ngakhale osavulaza diso.
• Nthawi zina, kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa diso palokha kumachitika chifukwa chakutupa kwa chikope kapena nkhope. Hyphema ndi magazi mkati kutsogolo kwa diso. Zovuta zimachitika chifukwa chofala ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachokera pakumenya molunjika kumaso kuchokera ku mpira.

KUVULALA KWA CHIKHALIDWE

• Kuvulala kwamankhwala m'diso kumatha kubwera chifukwa cha ngozi yokhudzana ndi ntchito. Zitha kuyambitsanso chifukwa cha zinthu wamba zanyumba monga zothetsera, mankhwala am'munda, zosungunulira, kapena mitundu ina ya mankhwala. Mafuta ndi ma aerosol amathanso kuyambitsa kupsa kwamankhwala.
• Ndikutentha kwa asidi, chiutsi pa cornea nthawi zambiri chimakhala bwino ndipo pamakhala mwayi woti achire.
• Zinthu zamchere monga laimu, lye, zotsukira madzi, ndi sodium hydroxide yomwe imapezeka mufiriji imatha kuwononga diso lamtunduwu.
• Ndikofunika kutulutsa diso ndi madzi ambiri oyera kapena madzi amchere (saline). Kuvulala kwamtunduwu kumafunikira chithandizo nthawi yomweyo.

CHOLINGA CHAMANJA KU DZIKO NDI KUVULALA KWA KONA

• Kornea ndi minofu yowonekera bwino yomwe imaphimba kutsogolo kwa diso.
• Fumbi, mchenga, ndi zinyalala zina zimatha kuloŵa m’maso mosavuta. Kupweteka kosalekeza, kuzindikira kuwala, ndi kufiira ndi zizindikilo zakuti chithandizo chimafunikira.
• Thupi lachilendo m'maso limatha kuvulaza kuwona ngati chinthucho chilowa m'diso momwemo kapena kuwononga diso kapena mandala. Matupi akunja omwe amaponyedwa mwachangu kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito makina, akupera, kapena kusula zitsulo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chovulaza diso.

Kuvulala kwa chikope kungakhale chizindikiro chovulaza kwambiri diso palokha.

Kutengera mtundu wovulala, izi zingachitike:

• Kutuluka magazi kapena zina zotuluka m'maso kapena mozungulira
• Kulalata
• Kuchepetsa masomphenya
• Masomphenya awiri
• Kupweteka kwa diso
• Mutu
• Maso oyabwa
• Kutaya masomphenya, kwathunthu kapena pang'ono, diso limodzi kapena zonse ziwiri
• Ophunzira osalingana kukula
• Kufiira - mawonekedwe ofiira
• Kumverera kwa chinthu m'diso
• Kumvetsetsa kuunika
• Kuluma kapena kuyaka m'maso

Chitani kanthu mwachangu ndikutsatira njira zotsatirazi ngati inu kapena winawake wavulala diso.

CHINTHU CHACHING'ONO PA Diso KAPENA MASO

Diso limadziyeretsa lokha pazinthu zazing'ono, monga eyelashes ndi mchenga, kudzera kuphethira ndi kung'ambika. Ngati sichoncho, musafufute diso kapena kufinya zikope. Kenako pitilizani kuyang'ana diso.

1. Sambani m'manja ndi sopo.
2. Pendani diso pamalo owala bwino. Osakanikira pamaso.
3. Kuti mupeze chinthucho, uzani munthuyo kuti ayang'ane m'munsi ndi pansi, kenako mbali ndi mbali.
4. Ngati simukupeza chinthucho, gwirani chikope chakumunsi ndikuchigwetsa pansi kuti muwone pansi pa chikope chapansi. Kuti muyang'ane pansi pa chivindikiro chapamwamba, ikani swab yoyera ya thonje kunja kwa chivindikirocho. Gwirani ma eyelashes ndipo pindani pang'ono chivundikirocho pa swab ya thonje.
5. Ngati chinthucho chili pa chikope, yesani kuchichotsa ndi madzi oyera. Ngati izo sizigwira ntchito, yesetsani kukhudza swab yachiwiri ya thonje ku chinthucho kuti muchotse.
6. Ngati chinthucho chili pamwamba pa diso, yesani kutsuka diso mokoma ndi madzi oyera. Ngati alipo, gwiritsani ntchito choponya m'maso kapena botolo la madontho, monga misozi yokumba, yoyikidwa pamwamba pakona lakunja la diso. Osakhudza diso lokha ndi chokoka kapena botolo.

Kumva kokhumudwa kapena zovuta zina zingapitirire mutachotsa eyelashes ndi zinthu zina zazing'ono. Izi zikuyenera kupitilira tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Ngati kusapeza bwino kapena kusawona bwino kukupitilira, pitani kuchipatala.

CHOLINGA CHAPANIKIZA KAPENA KUKHUMBIDWA MU Diso

1. Siyani chinthucho m'malo mwake. Osayesa kuchotsa chinthucho. Osayigwira kapena kuyikakamiza.
2. Khalani wodekha ndi kumutsimikizira munthuyo.
3. Sambani m'manja ndi sopo.
4. Bandige onse maso. Kuphimba maso onse kumathandiza kupewa kuyenda kwa diso. Ngati chinthucho ndi chachikulu, ikani chikho choyera cha pepala kapena china chofananako pa diso lovulalalo ndikulimata. Izi zimalepheretsa chinthu kuti chikanikizidwe, chomwe chitha kuvulaza diso. Ngati chinthucho ndi chaching'ono, mangani maso onse awiri.
5. Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo. Musachedwe.

ZOKHUDZANA NDI Diso

1. Thirani madzi ozizira nthawi yomweyo. Sinthani mutu wa munthuyo kuti diso lovulala likhale pansi ndi kumbali. Potsegula chikope, lolani madzi apampopi kuti atulutse diso kwa mphindi 15.
2. Ngati maso onse akhudzidwa, kapena ngati mankhwalawa alinso mbali zina za thupi, munthuyo asambe.
3. Ngati munthuyo wavala magalasi olumikizirana ndipo magalasiwo sanatuluke m'madzi, muuzeni kuti ayesere kuchotsa manambalawo atakokedwa.
4. Sungani diso lanu ndi madzi oyera kapena madzi amchere kwa mphindi 15.
5. Pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Musachedwe.

DUPA, KUKHALA, KAPENA KUWOMBA

1. Pewani mafuta ozizira ozizira m'maso kuti muchepetse kutupa ndikuthandizira kusiya magazi. Osakakamizidwa kuti muchepetse magazi.
2. Ngati magazi akuphatikizana m'diso, tsekani maso onse ndi nsalu yoyera kapena mavalidwe osabereka.
3. Pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Musachedwe.

EYELID AKUDULA

1. Sambani mosamala chikope. Ngati chovulacho chikutuluka magazi, pezani kupanikizika pang'ono ndi nsalu yoyera, youma mpaka magazi atasiya. Osakanikira pa diso. Izi ndichifukwa choti kudula kumatha kudutsa chikope, motero pangakhalenso kudula m'diso. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino kukanikiza fupa mozungulira diso.
2. Phimbani ndi zovala zoyera.
3. Ikani compress yozizira povala kuti muchepetse kupweteka ndi kutupa.
4. Pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Musachedwe.

• Osakanikiza kapena kupaka diso lovulala.
• Musachotse magalasi ophatikizira pokhapokha mutayamba kutupa, pali mankhwala omwe avulala ndipo omwe adalumikizana nawo sanatuluke ndi madzi, kapena simungapeze thandizo lachipatala mwachangu.
• Musayese kuchotsa thupi lachilendo kapena chinthu chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka kuti chaphatikizidwa (chokhazikika) m'mbali iliyonse ya diso. Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo.
• Musagwiritse ntchito swabs thonje, tweezers, kapena china chilichonse pa diso palokha. Masamba a thonje ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati kapena kunja kwa chikope.

Funani chithandizo chadzidzidzi ngati:

• Zikuwoneka kuti pali zokanda, zodula, kapena china chake chalowa (cholowa) mu diso.
• Mankhwala aliwonse amalowa m'diso.
• Diso limapweteka komanso lofiira.
• Nsautso kapena kupweteka kwa mutu kumachitika ndi kupweteka kwa diso (izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha glaucoma kapena stroke).
• Pali kusintha kulikonse kwamasomphenya (monga kusawona kapena kuwona kawiri).
• Kutuluka magazi kosalamulirika.

Yang'anirani ana mosamala. Aphunzitseni momwe angakhalire otetezeka.

Nthawi zonse muzivala zoteteza m'maso:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi, nyundo, kapena zida zina zochititsa chidwi
• Kugwira ntchito ndi mankhwala oopsa
• Kupalasa njinga kapena m'malo amphepo komanso afumbi
• Kuchita nawo masewera omwe ali ndi mwayi wambiri wogundidwa m'maso ndi mpira, monga masewera amkati amkati

• Diso
• Chida choyamba chothandizira

Guluma K, Lee JE. Ophthalmology. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 61.

Muth CC. Zoopsa zamaso. JAMA. 2017; 318 (7): 676. jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2648633. Idasinthidwa pa Ogasiti 15, 2017. Idapezeka pa Meyi 7, 2019.

Vrcek I, Somogyi M, Durairaj VD. Kuwunika ndi kuwongolera zovuta zapinibital zofewa. Mu: Yanoff M, Duker JS, olemba. Ophthalmology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chaputala 12.9.