Pneumomediastinum

Pneumomediastinum ndi mpweya mu mediastinum. Mediastinum ndi danga pakati pa chifuwa, pakati pa mapapo ndi mozungulira mtima.

Pneumomediastinum siachilendo. Vutoli limatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kuvulala kapena matenda. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika mpweya ukamatuluka kuchokera mbali iliyonse yamapapo kapena njira yolowera mu mediastinum.

Kuwonjezeka kwapanikizika m'mapapu kapena mlengalenga kungayambidwe ndi:

• Kutsokomola kwambiri
• Kubwereza kubwerezabwereza kuti muwonjezere kuthamanga kwa m'mimba (monga kukankha pobereka kapena matumbo)
• Kuswetsa
• Kusanza

Zitha kuchitika pambuyo pake:

• Matenda apakhosi kapena pakatikati pa chifuwa
• Kuthamanga kumakwera pamwamba, kapena kusambira pamadzi
• Kung'ambika kwa khosi (chubu chomwe chimalumikiza pakamwa ndi m'mimba)
• Kuthyola kwa trachea (mphepo)
• Kugwiritsa ntchito makina opumira (chopumira)
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga chamba kapena crack cocaine
• Opaleshoni
• Zovuta pachifuwa

Pneumomediastinum amathanso kuchitika ndi mapapo omwe agwa (pneumothorax) kapena matenda ena.

Sipangakhale zizindikiro. Matendawa amayamba kupweteka pachifuwa kumbuyo kwa chifuwa, chomwe chitha kufalikira mpaka m'khosi kapena m'manja. Kupweteka kumatha kukulira mukamapuma kapena kumeza.

Mukayezetsa thupi, wothandizira zaumoyo atha kumverera thovu laling'ono pansi pa khungu la chifuwa, mikono, kapena khosi.

X-ray kapena chifuwa cha CT pachifuwa zitha kuchitika. Izi ndikutsimikizira kuti mpweya uli mu mediastinum, ndikuthandizira kuzindikira bowo mu trachea kapena pakhosi.

Mukamuyeza, nthawi zina munthuyo amatha kuwoneka wotupa kwambiri (kutupa) pankhope ndi m'maso. Izi zingawoneke zoyipa kuposa momwe ziliri.

Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala zosafunikira chifukwa thupi limangotengera mpweya pang'onopang'ono. Kupuma mpweya wabwino kwambiri kumatha kufulumizitsa izi.

Wothandizirayo akhoza kuyika m'chifuwa ngati muli ndi mapapo omwe agwa. Mwinanso mungafunike chithandizo chifukwa cha vutoli. Bowo mu trachea kapena pakhosi limayenera kukonzedwa ndikuchitidwa opaleshoni.

Maganizo amatengera matenda kapena zomwe zidayambitsa pneumomediastinum.

Mpweya ungamange ndikulowa m'malo ozungulira mapapo (pleural space), ndikupangitsa kuti mapapo agwe.

Nthawi zambiri, mpweya umatha kulowa pakati pamtima ndi thumba loonda lomwe limazungulira mtima. Matendawa amatchedwa pneumopericardium.

Nthawi zina, mpweya wochuluka umakhazikika pakati pachifuwa kuti umakankhira pamtima komanso pamitsempha yamagazi, kotero kuti sungagwire bwino ntchito.

Zovuta zonsezi zimafunikira chisamaliro mwachangu chifukwa zitha kupha moyo.

Pitani kuchipinda chadzidzidzi kapena itanani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko ngati mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa kapena mukuvutika kupuma.

Matenda a m'mimba

• Dongosolo kupuma

Cheng GS, Varghese TK, Park DR. Pneumomediastinum ndi mediastinitis. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 84.

Malangizo: McCool FD. Matenda a chotupa, khoma pachifuwa, pleura, ndi mediastinum. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 92.