Chibayo chotengera kuchipatala

Chibayo chotengera kuchipatala ndimatenda am'mapapo omwe amapezeka mukakhala kuchipatala. Mtundu wa chibayo ukhoza kukhala woopsa kwambiri. Nthawi zina, zimatha kupha.

Chibayo ndi matenda wamba. Amayamba chifukwa cha majeremusi osiyanasiyana. Chibayo chomwe chimayambira mchipatala chimakhala chowopsa kuposa matenda ena am'mapapo chifukwa:

• Anthu kuchipatala nthawi zambiri amakhala odwala kwambiri ndipo sangathe kulimbana ndi majeremusi.
• Mitundu ya majeremusi omwe amapezeka mchipatala nthawi zambiri amakhala owopsa komanso osamva mankhwala kuposa omwe ali mgululi.

Chibayo chimapezeka kawirikawiri mwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makina opumira, omwe ndi makina omwe amawathandiza kupuma.

Chibayo chopezeka kuchipatala chitha kufalikiridwanso ndi ogwira ntchito zaumoyo, omwe amatha kupatsira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'manja, zovala, kapena zida zina kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa mnzake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kutsuka m'manja, kuvala mikanjo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zodzitetezera ndikofunikira kuchipatala.

Anthu amatha kutenga chibayo ali kuchipatala ngati:

• Kumwa mowa kwambiri
• Anachitidwapo opaleshoni pachifuwa kapena opaleshoni ina yayikulu
• Khalani ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kuchipatala, mankhwala ena, kapena zilonda zazikulu
• Khalani ndi matenda am'mapapo a nthawi yayitali (osatha)
• Pumirani malovu kapena chakudya m'mapapu awo chifukwa chosakhala tcheru kapena kukhala ndi mavuto akumeza (mwachitsanzo, atadwala sitiroko)
• Osakhala atcheru m'maganizo chifukwa cha mankhwala kapena matenda
• Ndi achikulire
• Ali pamakina opumira

Okalamba, chizindikiro choyamba cha chibayo chomwe chimapezeka kuchipatala chimatha kukhala kusintha kwamisala kapena kusokonezeka.

Zizindikiro zina zitha kuphatikiza:

• Chifuwa chokhala ndi phlegm wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira (sputum)
• Malungo ndi kuzizira
• Kusapeza bwino, kusakhazikika, kapena kudwala (malaise)
• Kutaya njala
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Kupweteka kwakanthawi pachifuwa komwe kumakulirakulira ndikupuma kwambiri kapena kutsokomola
• Kupuma pang'ono
• Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kuthamanga kwa mtima

Ngati wothandizira zaumoyo akukayikira chibayo, amayesedwa. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Mitsempha yamagazi yamagazi, yoyeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi
• Zikhalidwe zamagazi, kuti muwone ngati matenda afalikira mpaka magazi
• X-ray pachifuwa kapena CT scan, kuti muwone mapapu
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Kutulutsa oximetry, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi
• Chikhalidwe cha Sputum kapena banga la sputum gram, kuti muwone ngati majeremusi omwe akuyambitsa chibayo

Chithandizo chitha kukhala:

• Maantibayotiki kudzera m'mitsempha yanu (IV) yothandizira matenda am'mapapo. Maantibayotiki omwe mwapatsidwa amalimbana ndi majeremusi omwe amapezeka pachikhalidwe cha sputum kapena omwe akuganiziridwa kuti akuyambitsa matendawa.
• Oxygen kukuthandizani kupuma bwino komanso mankhwala am'mapapo kuti amasule ndikuchotsa mamina m'mapapu anu.
• Ventilator (makina opumira) pogwiritsa ntchito chubu kapena chigoba chothandizira kupuma kwanu.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena oopsa samachira chibayo monga anthu omwe sali odwala.

Chibayo chotenga chipatala chimatha kukhala matenda owopsa. Kuwonongeka kwamapapo kwakanthawi kumatha kuchitika.

Anthu omwe akuyendera okondedwa awo kuchipatala ayenera kuchitapo kanthu popewa kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Njira yabwino yoletsera kufalikira kwa majeremusi ndiyo kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi. Khalani kunyumba ngati mukudwala. Chititsani katemera wanu munthawi yabwino.

Pambuyo pa opareshoni iliyonse, mudzafunsidwa kuti mupume kwambiri ndikuyenda mozungulira posachedwa kuti muthandize kuti mapapu anu atseguke. Tsatirani malangizo a omwe amakupatsani kuti muteteze chibayo.

Zipatala zambiri zili ndi mapulogalamu othandiza kupewa matenda omwe amapezeka ndi zipatala.

Chibayo cha nosocomial; Chibayo chokhudzana ndi mpweya wabwino; Chibayo chogwirizana ndi chibayo; HCAP

• Chibayo mwa akulu - kutulutsa

• Chibayo chotengera kuchipatala
• Dongosolo kupuma

Chastre J, Luyt CHE. Chibayo chokhudzana ndi mpweya wabwino. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 34.

Kalil AC, Metersky ML, Klompas M, ndi al. Kuwongolera kwa achikulire omwe ali ndi chibayo chopezeka kuchipatala komanso chothandizira kupuma mpweya: Malangizo azachipatala a 2016 a Infectious Diseases Society of America ndi American Thoracic Society. Clin Infect Dis. 2016; 63 (5): e61-e111. PMID: 27418577 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27418577. (Adasankhidwa)

Chibayo cha Klompas M. Nosocomial. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 301.