Mlembi: Virginia Floyd
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 12 Ogasiti 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 21 Jayuwale 2025
Anonim
KWA WALE WANAOPIGA PUNYETO"HAKIKISHA KABLA UJAOGA KOJOA"-Izudin Alwy Ahmed
Kanema: KWA WALE WANAOPIGA PUNYETO"HAKIKISHA KABLA UJAOGA KOJOA"-Izudin Alwy Ahmed

Aorta imanyamula magazi kuchokera mumtima kupita kuzombo zomwe zimapatsa thupi magazi. Ngati gawo lina la msempha limachepa, ndizovuta kuti magazi adutse mumtsempha. Izi zimatchedwa coarctation of aorta. Ndi mtundu wa chilema chobadwa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuphulika kwa aorta sizikudziwika. Zimachitika chifukwa chazovuta pakukula kwa aorta asanabadwe.

Coortctation ya aortic imafala kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zovuta zina zamtundu, monga Turner syndrome.

Kuuluka kwa minyewa ndiimodzi mwazinthu zofala kwambiri pamtima zomwe zimakhalapo pobadwa (matenda obadwa nawo amtima). Izi zimakhala pafupifupi 5% yazolephera zamtima zonse zobadwa nazo. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa ana kapena akulu osakwana zaka 40.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto ili ndi msempha wawo amathanso kukhala ndi malo ofooka pakhoma la mitsempha yamaubongo. Kufooka kumeneku kumapangitsa mtsempha wamagazi kutuluka kapena kubaluni. Izi zimadziwika kuti aneurysm ya mabulosi. Ikhoza kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha sitiroko.


Kuphatikizika kwa aorta kumatha kuwonedwa ndi zovuta zina zobadwa nazo zamtima, monga:

  • Bicuspid aortic valve
  • Aortic stenosis
  • Ventricular septal chilema
  • Maluso a patent ductus arteriosus

Zizindikiro zimadalira kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amatha kuyenda kudzera mumitsempha. Zolakwika zina zamtima zitha kutenganso gawo.

Pafupifupi theka la akhanda omwe ali ndi vutoli amakhala ndi zizindikilo m'masiku ochepa oyamba amoyo. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kupuma mwachangu, mavuto kudya, kukwiya kwambiri, komanso kugona tulo kapena kusamva bwino. Zikakhala zovuta kwambiri, khanda limatha kuyamba kulephera kwamtima komanso kudandaula.

Zikakhala zovuta, zizindikilozo sizingakule mpaka mwanayo atakula. Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

  • Kupweteka pachifuwa
  • Mapazi ozizira kapena miyendo
  • Chizungulire kapena kukomoka
  • Kuchepetsa mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi
  • Kulephera kukula bwino
  • Kukokana kwamiyendo ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi
  • Kutuluka magazi
  • Kukula kosauka
  • Kumenya mutu
  • Kupuma pang'ono

Pangakhalenso palibe zizindikiro.


Wothandizira zaumoyo amayeza thupi ndikuwunika kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mikono ndi miyendo.

  • Kutentha m'dera lam'mimba (lachikazi) kapena mapazi kumakhala kofooka kuposa kamikono kapena khosi (carotid). Nthawi zina, kukhudzika kwachikazi sikungamveke konse.
  • Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'miyendo kumakhala kofooka kuposa mikono. Kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu m'mikono kuyambira wakhanda.

Woperekayo adzagwiritsa ntchito stethoscope kuti amvetsere mtima ndikuwona ngati ang'ung'udza. Anthu omwe amakhala ndi aortic coarctation nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kung'ung'udza kwamphamvu komwe kumamveka pansi pa kolala yamanzere kapena kumbuyo. Mitundu ina yodandaula imatha kupezeka.

Coarctation nthawi zambiri imapezeka panthawi yoyesedwa koyamba kwa mwana wakhanda kapena mayeso a mwana wakhanda. Kutenga mawonekedwe a khanda ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwunika, chifukwa sipangakhale zisonyezo zina mpaka mwana atakula.

Kuyesa kuti mupeze vuto ili kungaphatikizepo:

  • Catheterization yamtima ndi kuwunika
  • X-ray pachifuwa
  • Echocardiography ndiyeso lofala kwambiri kuti mupeze vutoli, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwunika munthu pambuyo pa opaleshoni
  • Mtima CT ungafunike kwa ana okulirapo
  • MRI kapena MR angiography yachifuwa itha kukhala yofunikira kwa ana okulirapo

Onse awiri a Doppler ultrasound ndi catheterization yamtima atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti awone ngati pali kusiyana kulikonse pakutsika kwa magazi m'malo osiyanasiyana a aorta.


Ana ambiri obadwa kumene amakhala ndi opaleshoni atangobadwa kumene kapena atangobadwa kumene. Adzalandira kaye mankhwala kuti akhazikike.

Ana omwe amawapeza atakula adzafunikiranso opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikirazo sizikhala zazikulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti nthawi yochuluka ingatengedwe kukonzekera opaleshoni.

Pa opaleshoni, gawo lochepetsedwa la aorta lidzachotsedwa kapena kutsegulidwa.

  • Ngati vutoli ndi laling'ono, malekezero awiri omasuka a aorta amatha kulumikizidwanso. Izi zimatchedwa anastomosis yotsiriza.
  • Ngati gawo lalikulu la aorta litachotsedwa, kulumikizidwa kapena imodzi mwa mitsempha ya wodwalayo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza mpatawo. Kuphatikizika kumatha kupangidwa ndi anthu kapena kuchokera pachisangalalo.

Nthawi zina, madokotala amayesa kutsegula gawo lochepetsetsa la aorta pogwiritsa ntchito buluni yomwe imakulitsidwa mkati mwa mtsempha wamagazi. Njira yamtunduwu imatchedwa balloon angioplasty. Zitha kuchitidwa m'malo mochitidwa opareshoni, koma imalephera kwambiri.

Ana okalamba nthawi zambiri amafunikira mankhwala ochizira kuthamanga kwa magazi atachitidwa opaleshoni. Ena adzafunika kuthandizidwa kwa moyo wonse pamavuto awa.

Coarctation kwa msempha akhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni. Zizindikiro zimakhala bwino pambuyo poti achite opaleshoni.

Komabe, pali chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha imfa chifukwa cha mavuto amtima pakati pa iwo omwe adakonzedwa mthupi lawo. Kutsata kwa moyo wonse ndi katswiri wamatenda kumalimbikitsidwa.

Popanda chithandizo, anthu ambiri amamwalira asanakwanitse zaka 40. Pachifukwa ichi, madotolo nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kuti munthuyo achite opaleshoni asanakwanitse zaka 10. Nthawi zambiri, opareshoni yoti akonzetse coarctation imachitika adakali wakhanda.

Kupindika kapena kugundana kwa mtsempha wamagazi kumatha kubwerera pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni. Izi ndizotheka mwa anthu omwe adachitidwa opaleshoni ngati mwana wakhanda.

Zovuta zomwe zitha kuchitika asanachitike, mkati, kapena atangochitidwa opaleshoni ndi awa:

  • Dera la aorta limakhala lalikulu kwambiri kapena mabaluni amatuluka
  • Misozi kukhoma kwa msempha
  • Kung'ambika kwa msempha
  • Kutuluka magazi muubongo
  • Kukula koyambirira kwa matenda amitsempha yamagazi (CAD)
  • Endocarditis (matenda mumtima)
  • Mtima kulephera
  • Kuopsa
  • Mavuto a impso
  • Kufooka kwa theka laling'ono la thupi (zovuta zomwe zimachitika pakuchita opareshoni kuti zikonzeke)
  • Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi
  • Sitiroko

Zovuta zazitali ndizo:

  • Kupitiliza kapena kubwereza kubwereza kwa aorta
  • Endocarditis
  • Kuthamanga kwa magazi

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

  • Inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikilo za coarctation ya aorta
  • Mumayamba kukomoka kapena kupweteka pachifuwa (izi zikhoza kukhala zizindikiro za vuto lalikulu)

Palibe njira yodziwika yothetsera vutoli. Komabe, kudziwa za chiopsezo chanu kungapangitse kuti mupeze matenda ndi chithandizo choyambirira.

Matenda aortic

  • Kuchita opaleshoni yamtima wa ana - kutulutsa
  • Kupanga kwa aorta

CD ya Fraser, Kane LC. Matenda amtima obadwa nawo. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: Maziko Achilengedwe a Njira Zamakono Zopangira Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 58.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Matenda obadwa nawo mumtima mwa wamkulu komanso wodwala. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2019: mutu 75.

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