Khansa yam'mimba

Khansa yam'mimba ndi khansa yomwe imayamba m'mimba.

Mitundu ingapo ya khansa imatha kupezeka m'mimba. Mtundu wofala kwambiri umatchedwa adenocarcinoma. Iyamba kuchokera ku mtundu umodzi wamaselo womwe umapezeka m'kati mwa m'mimba.

Adenocarcinoma ndi khansa wamba yam'mimba. Sizachilendo ku United States. Amapezeka nthawi zambiri mwa anthu akum'mawa kwa Asia, madera ena aku South America, komanso kum'mawa ndi pakati pa Europe. Zimapezeka kawirikawiri mwa amuna opitirira zaka 40.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ku United States omwe amadwala khansayi chatsika pazaka zambiri. Akatswiri akuganiza kuti kuchepa kumeneku mwina ndi gawo chifukwa anthu akudya zakudya zochepa zamchere, zamankhwala, komanso zosuta.

Mutha kupezeka kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mimba ngati:

• Khalani ndi zakudya zopanda zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba
• Khalani ndi mbiri yapa khansa ya m'mimba
• Khalani ndi matenda m'mimba mwa bakiteriya otchedwa Helicobacter pylori (H pylori)
• Ndinali ndi polyp (kukula kosazolowereka) kokulirapo kuposa 2 masentimita m'mimba mwanu
• Khalani ndi kutupa ndi kutupa kwa m'mimba kwanthawi yayitali (atrophic gastritis)
• Khalani ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira am'matumbo osatengera vitamini B12)
• Utsi

Zizindikiro za khansa yam'mimba zitha kukhala izi:

• Kukhuta m'mimba kapena kupweteka, komwe kumatha kuchitika mutangodya pang'ono
• Zochita zakuda
• Zovuta kumeza, zomwe zimaipiraipira pakapita nthawi
• Kugwedeza kwambiri
• Kuchepetsa thanzi
• Kutaya njala
• Nseru
• Kusanza magazi
• Kufooka kapena kutopa
• Kuchepetsa thupi

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amachedwa chifukwa zizindikilozo sizingachitike kumatendawa. Ndipo zambiri mwazizindikiro sizikutanthauza khansa ya m'mimba. Chifukwa chake, anthu nthawi zambiri amadzichiritsa okha kuti khansa ya m'mimba imafanana ndi zovuta zina, zochepa (kuphulika, mpweya, kutentha pa chifuwa, ndi chidzalo).

Mayeso omwe angathandize kuzindikira khansa ya m'mimba ndi awa:

• Kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (CBC) kuti muwone kuchepa kwa magazi.
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) yokhala ndi biopsy kuti ifufuze minofu ya m'mimba. EGD imaphatikizapo kuyika kamera yaying'ono pansi pamimba (chubu yazakudya) kuti iyang'ane mkati mwa m'mimba.
• Kuyesa kopondapo kuti muwone magazi m'mipando.

Opaleshoni yochotsa m'mimba (gastrectomy) ndi mankhwala omwe angachiritse adenocarcinoma m'mimba. Thandizo la radiation ndi chemotherapy zitha kuthandiza. Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a radiation pambuyo pa opaleshoni atha kupatsa mwayi wochiritsidwa.

Kwa anthu omwe sangathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni, chemotherapy kapena radiation imatha kusintha zizindikilo ndipo imatha kutalikitsa moyo, koma sichitha khansa. Kwa anthu ena, njira yodutsira opaleshoni ingathetseretu zizindikiro.

Mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa zamankhwala ndikulowa nawo gulu lothandizira khansa. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Chiyembekezo chimasiyanasiyana kutengera momwe khansa yayandikira pofika nthawi yodziwika. Zotupa m'mimba zam'munsi zimachiritsidwa pafupipafupi kuposa zomwe zili m'mimba mwapamwamba. Mpata wothandizidwa umadaliranso kutalika kwa chotupacho m'mimba mwa m'mimba komanso ngati ma lymph node amakhudzidwa.

Pamene chotupacho chafalikira kunja kwa m'mimba, mankhwala samakhala ochepa. Ngati mankhwala sangathe, cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuthandizira kusintha zizolowezi ndikuchulukitsa moyo.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati atayamba kudwala khansa ya m'mimba.

Mapulogalamu owunikira akuyenda bwino pozindikira matenda kumayambiliro azigawo zapadziko lapansi komwe chiwopsezo cha khansa yam'mimba chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri kuposa ku United States. Kufunika kowunika ku United States ndi mayiko ena omwe ali ndi mitengo yotsika kwambiri ya khansa yam'mimba sikudziwika.

Zotsatirazi zingathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mimba:

• Osasuta.
• Khalani ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi chodzala zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
• Tengani mankhwala kuchiza matenda a Reflux (kutentha pa chifuwa), ngati muli nawo.
• Tengani maantibayotiki mukapezeka kuti muli nawo H pylori matenda.

Khansa - m'mimba; Khansa yam'mimba; Gastric carcinoma; Adenocarcinoma m'mimba

• Dongosolo m'mimba
• Khansa yam'mimba, x-ray
• Mimba
• Gastrectomy - mndandanda

Abrams JA, Quante M. Adenocarcinoma wam'mimba ndi zotupa zina zam'mimba. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Matenda a Mimba ndi a Fordtran Amatenda a Chiwindi. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 54.

Gunderson LL, Donohue JH, Alberts SR, Ashman JB, Jaroszewski DE. Khansa ya m'mimba ndi mphambano ya m'mimba. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: chap 75.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mimba (PDQ) - mtundu wa akatswiri azaumoyo. www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/hp/stomach-treatment-pdq. Idasinthidwa pa Ogasiti 17, 2018. Idapezeka Novembala 12, 2018.