Zosintha

Acromegaly ndimkhalidwe womwe mumakhala mahomoni okula kwambiri (GH) mthupi.

Acromegaly ndichikhalidwe chosowa. Zimayambika pamene khungu la pituitary limapanga mahomoni ochulukirapo. Matenda a pituitary ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta endocrine tolumikizidwa pansi pa ubongo. Imayang'anira, kupanga, ndi kutulutsa mahomoni angapo, kuphatikiza kukula kwa hormone.

Kawirikawiri chotupa chosakhala ndi khansa (chotupa) cha chotupa cha pituitary chimatulutsa mahomoni okula kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, zotupa za pituitary zimatha kutengera.

Kwa ana, GH yochulukirapo imayambitsa gigantism m'malo mwa acromegaly.

Zizindikiro za acromegaly zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Fungo la thupi
• Magazi pansi
• Matenda a Carpal
• Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya minofu (kufooka)
• Kuchepetsa masomphenya ozungulira
• Kutopa kosavuta
• Kutalika kwambiri (pamene kupanga GH kochulukira kumayamba muubwana)
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri
• Mutu
• Kukulitsa mtima, komwe kumatha kukomoka
• Kuopsa
• Nsagwada
• Ululu wophatikizana, kuchepa kwamiyendo yolumikizana, kutupa kwamalo oyandikana ndi mafupa
• Mafupa akulu akumaso, nsagwada zazikulu ndi lilime, mano otalikirana kwambiri
• Mapazi akulu (kusintha kukula kwa nsapato), manja akulu (kusintha mphete kapena kukula kwa magolovesi)
• Zilonda zazikulu pakhungu (zotupa zolimbitsa thupi) zomwe zimayambitsa khungu lamafuta, kukulira kwa khungu, ma khungu (zophuka)
• Mpweya wogona
• Kutambasula zala kapena zala, ndi kutupa, kufiira, ndi kupweteka

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingachitike ndi matendawa:

• Colon polyps
• Kukula kwakukulu kwa tsitsi mwa akazi (hirsutism)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Type 2 matenda ashuga
• Kukulitsa chithokomiro
• Kulemera

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzakuyesani ndikufunsani za matenda anu.

Mayeso otsatirawa atha kulamulidwa kuti atsimikizire matenda a acromegaly ndikuwunika zovuta:

• Magazi a shuga
• Kukula kwa mahomoni okula ndi kukula kwa mahomoni okula
• Kukula kwa insulin monga 1 (IGF-1)
• Prolactin
• X-ray ya msana
• MRI yaubongo, kuphatikiza ubongo wa pituitary
• Zojambulajambula
• Zojambulajambula
• Kuphunzira kugona

Mayeso ena atha kulamulidwa kuti aone ngati matenda ena onse a pituitary akugwira bwino ntchito.

Opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa cha pituitary chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli nthawi zambiri chimakonza GH yachilendo. Nthawi zina, chotupacho chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri kuti sangachotsedwe kwathunthu ndipo acromegaly sichichiritsidwa. Poterepa, mankhwala ndi radiation (radiotherapy) atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira acromegaly.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi zotupa zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri kuzichotsa ndi opaleshoni amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala m'malo mochita opareshoni. Mankhwalawa atha kulepheretsa kupanga GH kuchokera pamatumbo a pituitary kapena kulepheretsa zochita za GH mbali zina za thupi.

Mukalandira chithandizo, mufunika kukaonana ndi omwe amakupatsani pafupipafupi kuti muwonetsetse kuti khungu la pituitary likugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti acromegaly siyibwerera. Kuyesa kwapachaka kumalimbikitsidwa.

Izi zitha kupereka zambiri pa acromegaly:

• National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Impso Diseases - www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/acromegaly
• National Organisation for Rare Disways - rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acromegaly

Opaleshoni ya pituitary imayenda bwino mwa anthu ambiri, kutengera kukula kwa chotupacho komanso kudziwa kwa ma neurosurgeon okhala ndi zotupa za pituitary.

Popanda chithandizo, zizindikirozo zimangokulirakulira. Zinthu monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga, ndi matenda amtima zimatha.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Muli ndi zizindikiro za acromegaly
• Zizindikiro zanu sizisintha ndi chithandizo chamankhwala

Matendawa sangathe kupewedwa. Kuchiritsidwa msanga kumatha kuteteza matendawa kuti asakule kwambiri ndikuthandizira kupewa zovuta.

Somatotroph adenoma; Kukula kwa mahomoni owonjezera; Kukula kwa mahomoni kutulutsa pituitary adenoma; Chiphona chachikulu (ali mwana)

• Matenda a Endocrine

Katznelson L, Malamulo ER Jr, Melmed S, et al. Acromegaly: malangizo othandizira azachipatala. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 99 (11): 3933-3951. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 25356808 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25356808.

Klein I. Matenda a Endocrine ndi matenda amtima. Mu: Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 81.

Melmed S. Zovuta. Mu: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, olemba. Endocrinology: Akuluakulu ndi Ana. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 12.