Matenda osokoneza bongo

Hypothyroidism ndimkhalidwe womwe chithokomiro sichimapanga mahomoni a chithokomiro okwanira. Vutoli limadziwika kuti chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito.

Chithokomiro ndi gawo lofunikira la dongosolo la endocrine. Ili kutsogolo kwa khosi, pamwambapa pomwe pamalumikizidwa ndi ma kolala anu. Chithokomiro chimapanga mahomoni omwe amayang'anira momwe selo iliyonse mthupi imagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Izi zimatchedwa metabolism.

Hypothyroidism imafala kwambiri mwa azimayi komanso anthu azaka zopitilira 50.

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha hypothyroidism ndi thyroiditis. Kutupa ndi kutupa kumawononga maselo amtundu wa chithokomiro.

Zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndi monga:

• Chitetezo cha mthupi chikuukira chithokomiro
• Matenda a virus (chimfine) kapena matenda ena opuma
• Mimba (yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa postpartum thyroiditis)

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa hypothyroidism ndi monga:

• Mankhwala ena, monga lithiamu ndi amiodarone, ndi mitundu ina ya chemotherapy
• Zobadwa nako (kubadwa)
• Mankhwala othandizira ma radiation pakhosi kapena ubongo kuti athetse khansa zosiyanasiyana
• Mavitamini a ayodini omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira chithokomiro chopitilira muyeso
• Kuchotsa opareshoni kwa gawo kapena chithokomiro chonse
• Matenda a Sheehan, vuto lomwe limatha kupezeka mwa mayi yemwe amatuluka magazi kwambiri panthawi yapakati kapena yobereka ndipo amawononga matenda am'mimba.
• Chotupa cha pituitary kapena opaleshoni ya pituitary

Zizindikiro zoyambirira:

• Malo olimba kapena kudzimbidwa
• Kumva kuzizira (kuvala sweta pamene ena avala t-sheti)
• Kutopa kapena kumva kumachepa
• Nthawi yolemetsa komanso yolephera kusamba
• Ululu wophatikizana kapena minofu
• Khungu kapena khungu lowuma
• Zachisoni kapena kukhumudwa
• Wowonda, wosweka tsitsi kapena zikhadabo
• Kufooka
• Kulemera

Zizindikiro zakumapeto, ngati sanalandire chithandizo:

• Kuchepetsa kukoma ndi kununkhiza
• Kuopsa
• Kutupa nkhope, manja, ndi mapazi
• Kulankhula pang'onopang'ono
• Kukhuthala kwa khungu
• Kupyola nsidze
• Kutentha kwa thupi
• Kugunda kwa mtima pang'ono

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa thupi ndipo angapeze kuti chithokomiro chanu chakula. Nthawi zina, chithokomiro chimakhala chachikulu kapena chochepa kuposa momwe chimakhalira. Mayesowo atha kuwululanso:

• Kuthamanga kwa diastolic magazi (nambala yachiwiri)
• Tsitsi lopyapyala
• Zoipa za nkhope
• Khungu loyera kapena louma, lomwe lingakhale lozizira kukhudza
• Zosintha zomwe sizachilendo (kupumula kochedwa)
• Kutupa kwa mikono ndi miyendo

Kuyezetsa magazi kumalangizidwanso kuti muyese mahomoni anu a chithokomiro TSH ndi T4.

Muthanso kukhala ndi mayeso kuti muwone:

• Mulingo wa cholesterol
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Mavitamini a chiwindi
• Prolactin
• Sodium
• Cortisol

Chithandizo chake ndikuti m'malo mwa mahomoni a chithokomiro omwe mukusowa.

Levothyroxine ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:

• Mudzapatsidwa mlingo wotsika kwambiri womwe ungathetsere matenda anu ndikubweretsa kuchuluka kwamahomoni amwazi wanu kubwerera mwakale.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima kapena ndinu okalamba, omwe amakupatsani akhoza kukuyambitsani pamlingo wochepa kwambiri.
• Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito amafunika kumwa mankhwalawa moyo wawo wonse.
• Levothyroxine nthawi zambiri amakhala piritsi, koma anthu ena omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism yoyambirira amafunika kuthandizidwa kuchipatala ndi levothyroxine yamitsempha (yoperekedwa kudzera mumitsempha).

Mukakuyambitsani zamankhwala anu, omwe amakupatsirani akhoza kuwunika mahomoni anu miyezi iwiri kapena iwiri iliyonse. Pambuyo pake, mahomoni anu a chithokomiro amayenera kuyang'aniridwa kamodzi pachaka.

Mukamamwa mankhwala a chithokomiro, dziwani izi:

• Osasiya kumwa mankhwalawa, ngakhale mutakhala bwino. Pitirizani kuzigwiritsa ntchito monga momwe woperekera wanu wakuuzani.
• Ngati mutasintha mankhwala a chithokomiro, dziwitsani omwe akukuthandizaniwo. Magulu anu angafunikire kufufuzidwa.
• Zomwe mumadya zimatha kusintha momwe thupi lanu limamwe mankhwala a chithokomiro. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati mukudya zakudya zambiri za soya kapena mukudya zakudya zabwino kwambiri.
• Mankhwala a chithokomiro amagwira ntchito bwino m'mimba yopanda kanthu ndipo akamamwa ola limodzi ola wina asanalandire mankhwala ena aliwonse. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muyenera kumwa mankhwala anu musanagone. Kutenga nthawi yogona kungalole kuti thupi lanu limamwe mankhwala bwino kuposa kumwa masana.
• Dikirani osachepera maola 4 mutatenga mahomoni a chithokomiro musanadye zowonjezera zowonjezera, calcium, iron, multivitamini, aluminium hydroxide antacids, colestipol, kapena mankhwala omwe amamanga bile acid.

Pamene mukumwa mankhwala othandizira chithokomiro, auzeni omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi zizindikilo zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mlingo wanu ndiwokwera kwambiri, monga:

• Nkhawa
• Kupindika
• Kutaya thupi mwachangu
• Kupumula kapena kugwedezeka (kunjenjemera)
• Kutuluka thukuta

Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumakhala kwabwino ndi chithandizo choyenera. Mutha kumwa mankhwala a chithokomiro kwa moyo wanu wonse.

Vuto la Myxedema (lotchedwanso myxedema coma), mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa hypothyroidism, ndi wosowa. Zimachitika pamene mahomoni a chithokomiro amakhala otsika kwambiri. Vuto lalikulu la hypothyroid limayambitsidwa ndi matenda, matenda, kuzizira, kapena mankhwala ena (opiates ndi omwe amachititsa) kwa anthu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism.

Vuto la Myxedema ndi vuto lazachipatala lomwe liyenera kuchiritsidwa kuchipatala. Anthu ena angafunike mpweya, kuthandizira kupuma (mpweya wabwino), kusinthitsa madzi, ndi unamwino wosamalira ana.

Zizindikiro za myxedema coma ndi monga:

• Pansi pa kutentha kwa thupi
• Kuchepetsa kupuma
• Kutaya magazi pang'ono
• Shuga wamagazi ochepa
• Kusayankha
• Mikhalidwe yosayenera kapena yosafunikira

Anthu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism osachiritsidwa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha:

• Matenda
• Kusabereka, kupita padera, kubereka mwana wopunduka
• Matenda amtima chifukwa chambiri cha LDL (yoyipa) cholesterol
• Mtima kulephera

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi matenda a hypothyroidism.

Ngati mukuchiritsidwa ndi hypothyroidism, itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Mumakhala ndi kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kugunda kwamtima mwachangu
• Muli ndi matenda
• Zizindikiro zanu zimaipiraipira kapena sizikusintha ndi mankhwala
• Mumakhala ndi zizindikilo zatsopano

Myxedema; Wamkulu hypothyroidism; Chithokomiro chosagwira; Goiter - hypothyroidism; Chithokomiro - hypothyroidism; Mahomoni a chithokomiro - hypothyroidism

• Chithokomiro kuchotsa - kumaliseche

• Matenda a Endocrine
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• Ulalo wa chithokomiro chaubongo
• Pulayimale ndi sekondale hypothyroidism

Brent GA, Weetman AP. Hypothyroidism ndi chithokomiro. Mu: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, olemba.Buku la Williams la Endocrinology. Wolemba 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 13.

Woponya JR, Cobin RH, Gharib H, et al. Malangizo azachipatala a hypothyroidism mwa akuluakulu: omwe amathandizidwa ndi American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists ndi American Thyroid Association. Zochita za Endocr. 2012; 18 (6): 988-1028. MAFUNSO: 23246686 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23246686/.

Jonklaas J, Bianco AC, Bauer AJ, ndi al; Gulu Lankhondo Laku America la Gulu Lankhondo pa Kusintha kwa Hormone ya Hormone. Maupangiri othandizira chithandizo cha hypothyroidism: yokonzedwa ndi gulu laku America la Chithokomiro chosinthira mahomoni a chithokomiro. Chithokomiro. 2014; 24 (12): 1670-1751. PMID: 25266247 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25266247/.