Mtima kulephera - mankhwala

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima amafunika kumwa mankhwala. Ena mwa mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda anu. Ena atha kuthandiza kuti mtima wanu usakule kwambiri ndikupatseni nthawi yotalikirapo.

Muyenera kumwa kwambiri mankhwala anu olephera mtima tsiku lililonse. Mankhwala ena amatengedwa kamodzi patsiku. Ena amafunika kutengedwa kawiri kapena kupitilira apo tsiku lililonse. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti muzimwa mankhwala anu panthawi yoyenera komanso momwe dokotala wakuuzirani.

Osasiya kumwa mankhwala amtima wanu osalankhula ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu poyamba. Izi ndizowona ndi mankhwala ena omwe mumamwa, monga mankhwala a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zovuta zina.

Woperekayo angakuuzeninso kuti mutenge mankhwala enaake kapena musinthe mlingo wanu pamene matenda anu akukula kwambiri. MUSASINTHE mankhwala kapena mankhwala anu osalankhula ndi omwe akukuthandizani.

Nthawi zonse uzani opereka chithandizo musanamwe mankhwala atsopano. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala owonjezera monga ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) ndi naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), komanso mankhwala monga sildenafil (Viagra), vardenafil (Levitra), ndi tadalafil (Cialis).

Komanso uuzeni omwe amakupatsani mankhwala musanatengere zitsamba zamtundu uliwonse kapena zowonjezera.

ACE inhibitors (angiotensin otembenuza ma enzyme inhibitors) ndi ma ARB (angiotensin II receptor blockers) amagwira ntchito potsegula mitsempha yamagazi ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mankhwalawa atha:

• Chepetsani ntchito yomwe mtima wanu uyenera kugwira
• Thandizani mtima wanu kupopera minofu bwino
• Pewani mtima wanu kulephera kukulira

Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• Chifuwa chowuma
• Mitu yopepuka
• Kutopa
• Kukhumudwa m'mimba
• Edema
• Mutu
• Kutsekula m'mimba

Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, muyenera kuyezetsa magazi kuti muwone momwe impso zanu zikugwirira ntchito komanso kuyeza potaziyamu wanu.

Nthawi zambiri, omwe amakupatsirani nthawi zambiri amatha kulemba ACE inhibitor kapena ARB. Gulu latsopano la mankhwala lotchedwa angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI's) limaphatikiza mankhwala a ARB ndi mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala. Ma ARNI atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kulephera kwa mtima.

Oletsa Beta amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima wanu ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yomwe minyewa yanu yam'magazi imagwira ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa. Kutseka kwa beta kwakanthawi kukuthandizani kuti mtima wanu usakule kwambiri. Popita nthawi zingathandizenso kulimbitsa mtima wanu.

Ma beta blockers omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polephera mtima amaphatikizapo carvedilol (Coreg), bisoprolol (Zebeta), ndi metoprolol (Toprol).

Musasiye mwadzidzidzi kumwa mankhwalawa. Izi zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha angina komanso matenda amtima. Zotsatira zina zimaphatikizapo kupepuka, kupsinjika, kutopa, komanso kukumbukira kukumbukira.

Odzetsa amathandiza thupi lanu kuchotsa madzi owonjezera. Mitundu ina ya okodzetsa imathandizanso m'njira zina. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "mapiritsi amadzi." Pali mitundu yambiri ya okodzetsa. Ena amatengedwa kamodzi patsiku. Ena amatengedwa kawiri patsiku. Mitundu yofala kwambiri ndi iyi:

• Achifwamba. Chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Hygroton), indapamide (Lozol), hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, HydroDiuril), ndi metolazone (Mykrox, Zaroxolyn)
• Odzetsa okhathamira. Bumetanide (Bumex), furosemide (Lasix), ndi torasemide (Demadex)
• Othandiza potaziyamu. Amiloride (Midamor), spironolactone (Aldactone), ndi triamterene (Dyrenium)

Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, mufunika kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi kuti muwone momwe impso zanu zikugwirira ntchito komanso kuyeza potaziyamu wanu.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtima amatenga aspirin kapena clopidogrel (Plavix). Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuteteza magazi kuundana m'mitsempha yanu. Izi zitha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha sitiroko kapena matenda amtima.

Coumadin (Warfarin) amalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chamagazi.Muyenera kuyesedwa magazi kuti mutsimikizire kuti mlingo wanu ndiwolondola. Mwinanso mungafunikire kusintha pazakudya zanu.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri polephera mtima ndi awa:

• Digoxin imathandizira kukulitsa mphamvu yakupopa kwamtima ndikuchepetsa kugunda kwa mtima.
• Hydralazine ndi nitrate kuti atsegule mitsempha ndikuthandizira kupopera kwa minofu yamtima bwino. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi odwala omwe amalekerera ACE inhibitors ndi angiotensin receptor blockers.
• Ma calcium calcium blockers ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena angina (kupweteka pachifuwa) kuchokera ku matenda amitsempha yamagazi (CAD).

Ma Statins ndi mankhwala ena ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakufunika kutero.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala olephera mtima omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima wosazolowereka. Imodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi amiodarone.

Mankhwala atsopano, Ivabradine (Corlanor), amachita kuti achepetse kugunda kwa mtima ndipo atha kuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima pochepetsa kuchepa kwa mitima.

CHF - mankhwala; Matenda a mtima - mankhwala; Cardiomyopathy - mankhwala; HF - mankhwala

Mann DL. Kuwongolera odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima ndi gawo lochepetsedwa. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2019: chap 25.

Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, ndi al. 2017 ACC / AHA / HFSA idasinthiratu malangizo a 2013 ACCF / AHA owongolera kuwonongeka kwa mtima: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of America. J Kulephera Kwa Mtima. 2017; 23 (8): 628-651. PMID: 28461259 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28461259. (Adasankhidwa)

Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, ndi al. Chitsogozo cha ACCF / AHA cha 2013 chothandizira kuwonongeka kwa mtima: lipoti la American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Kuzungulira. 2013; 128 (16): e240-e327. PMID: 23741058 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23741058.

• Kulephera Kwa Mtima