Matenda a Hypercalcemia

Hypercalcemia amatanthauza kuti muli ndi calcium yambiri m'magazi anu.

Mahomoni otchedwa Parathyroid (PTH) ndi Vitamini D amathandizira kuchepetsa calcium m'thupi.

• PTH imapangidwa ndimatenda a parathyroid. Awa ndi tiziwalo ting'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili m khosi kuseri kwa chithokomiro.
• Vitamini D imapezeka khungu likamayatsidwa ndi dzuwa, komanso kuchokera kuzakudya kapena zowonjezera.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi kashiamu yambiri ndi PTH yochulukirapo yomwe imatulutsidwa ndimatenda a parathyroid. Kuchulukaku kumachitika chifukwa cha:

• Kukulitsa chimodzi kapena zingapo zamatenda amtunduwu.
• Kukula pamodzi mwamatenda. Nthawi zambiri, izi ndizabwino (osati khansa).

Mulingo wamagazi wa calcium amathanso kukhala wokwera ngati thupi lanu lili ndi madzi kapena madzi ochepa.

Mavuto ena amathanso kuyambitsa hypercalcemia:

• Mitundu ina ya khansa, monga khansa ya m'mapapo ndi m'mawere, kapena khansa yomwe yafalikira ku ziwalo zanu.
• Vitamini D wambiri m'magazi anu (hypervitaminosis D).
• Kukhala osagona pabedi masiku ambiri kapena masabata (makamaka mwa ana).
• Kashiamu wambiri mu zakudya zanu. Izi zimatchedwa matenda amkaka-alkali. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika munthu akamamwa mankhwala opitilira calcium bicarbonate opitilira 2000 patsiku limodzi ndi Vitamini D.
• Kuchuluka kwa chithokomiro.
• Matenda a impso kapena impso kulephera.
• Mankhwala monga lithiamu ndi thiazide diuretics (mapiritsi amadzi).
• Matenda ena kapena mavuto azaumoyo monga, Paget matenda, chifuwa chachikulu ndi sarcoidosis.
• Mkhalidwe wobadwa nawo womwe umakhudza kuthekera kwa thupi kusamalira calcium.

Amuna ndi akazi a mibadwo yonse atha kukhala ndi mulingo wambiri wama calcium. Komabe, ndizofala kwambiri kwa azimayi azaka zopitilira 50 (atatha kusamba). Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha gland wonyezimira kwambiri.

Matendawa amapezeka nthawi yayitali poyesa kuyesa magazi. Anthu ambiri alibe zisonyezo.

Zizindikiro chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa calcium zimasiyana, kutengera choyambitsa komanso kuti vutoli lakhalapo liti. Zitha kuphatikiza:

• Zizindikiro zam'mimba, monga nseru kapena kusanza, kusowa chakudya, kapena kudzimbidwa
• Kuchuluka kwa ludzu kapena kukodza pafupipafupi, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa impso
• Kufooka kwa minofu kapena kupindika
• Zosintha momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito, monga kutopa kapena kutopa kapena kusokonezeka
• Kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi mafupa osalimba omwe amathyoka mosavuta

Kuzindikira molondola kumafunika mu hypercalcemia. Anthu omwe ali ndi miyala ya impso ayenera kuyesa kuti aone ngati ali ndi hypercalcemia.

• Seramu calcium
• Seramu PTH
• Seramu PTHrP (mapuloteni okhudzana ndi PTH)
• Msuzi wa vitamini D seramu
• Mkodzo calcium

Chithandizochi chimapangidwa chifukwa cha hypercalcemia ngati kuli kotheka. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) angafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti athetse vuto lachilendo cha parathyroid. Izi zidzachiza hypercalcemia.

Anthu omwe ali ndi hypercalcemia wofatsa amatha kuwunika vutoli kwakanthawi kwakanthawi popanda chithandizo.

Amayi omwe ali kumapeto kwa thupi, chithandizo cha estrogen nthawi zina chimatha kusintha pang'ono hypercalcemia.

Matenda oopsa a hypercalcemia omwe amayambitsa zizindikilo ndipo amafuna kuti azikhala mchipatala atha kuchiritsidwa ndi izi:

• Zamadzimadzi kudzera mumitsempha - Imeneyi ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri.
• Kalcitonin.
• Dialysis, ngati kuwonongeka kwa impso kumakhudzidwa.
• Mankhwala okodzetsa, monga furosemide.
• Mankhwala omwe amaletsa kuwonongeka kwa mafupa ndi kuyamwa kwa thupi (bisphosphonates).
• Glucocorticoids (steroids).

Momwe mumachitira bwino zimadalira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa calcium yanu. Maganizo ake ndiabwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi hyperparathyroidism kapena hypercalcemia omwe ali ndi vuto. Nthawi zambiri, palibe zovuta.

Anthu omwe ali ndi hypercalcemia chifukwa cha khansa kapena sarcoidosis sangachite bwino. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri chifukwa cha matenda omwewo, osati kuchuluka kwa calcium.

MAGALITSITSI

• Pancreatitis
• Matenda a zilonda zam'mimba

MWENDO

• Calcium imayikidwa mu impso (nephrocalcinosis) yomwe imayambitsa impso
• Kutaya madzi m'thupi
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Impso kulephera
• Miyala ya impso

MALANGIZO

• Matenda okhumudwa
• Zovuta kulingalira kapena kuganiza

NKHANI

• Mafupa otupa
• Mipata
• Kufooka kwa mafupa

Zovuta izi za hypercalcemia yayitali sizachilendo masiku ano m'maiko ambiri.

Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakuthandizani ngati muli ndi:

• Mbiri ya banja la hypercalcemia
• Mbiri ya banja ya hyperparathyroidism
• Zizindikiro za hypercalcemia

Zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa hypercalcemia sizingapewe. Amayi azaka zopitilira 50 ayenera kuwona omwe amawapatsa pafupipafupi ndikuwunika calcium calcium ngati ali ndi zizindikiro za hypercalcemia.

Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani za mlingo woyenera ngati mutenga zowonjezera calcium ndi vitamini D.

Calcium - okwera; Mlingo wambiri wa calcium; Hyperparathyroidism - hypercalcemia

• Hypercalcemia - kumaliseche

• Matenda a Endocrine

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Darr EA, Sritharan N, Pellitteri PK, Sofferman RA, Randolph GW. Kuwongolera kwa zovuta za parathyroid. Mu: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chaputala 124.

Thakker RV. Matenda a parathyroid, hypercalcemia, ndi hypocalcemia. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 232.