Zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zoopsa zakunenepa kwambiri kwa ana

Ana akadya zochuluka kuposa momwe amafunikira, matupi awo amasungira ma calories owonjezera m'maselo amafuta kuti adzawagwiritse ntchito mphamvu pambuyo pake. Ngati matupi awo safuna mphamvu yosungidwa imeneyi, amakhala ndi maselo amafuta ambiri ndipo amatha kunenepa.

Palibe chinthu chimodzi kapena machitidwe omwe amachititsa kunenepa kwambiri. Kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza zizolowezi za munthu, momwe amakhalira, komanso komwe amakhala. Chibadwa ndi mavuto ena azachipatala nawonso amawonjezera mwayi wamunthu wonenepa.

Makanda ndi ana aang'ono ndiwotheka kwambiri kumvera matupi awo ziwonetsero za njala ndi kukhuta. Adzasiya kudya atangowauza kuti akhuta. Koma nthawi zina kholo lomwe lili ndi cholinga chimawauza kuti ayenera kumaliza chilichonse chomwe ali m'mbale. Izi zimawakakamiza kunyalanyaza kukhuta kwawo ndikudya chilichonse chomwe apatsidwa.

Momwe timadyera tili ana zitha kukhudza kwambiri zomwe timadya pakakula. Tikabwereza machitidwe awa kwazaka zambiri, amakhala zizolowezi. Zimakhudza zomwe timadya, nthawi yomwe timadya, komanso kuchuluka kwa zomwe timadya.

Makhalidwe ena ophunzirira akuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya ku:

• Mphotho ya machitidwe abwino
• Funafunani chitonthozo tikakhala achisoni
• Onetsani chikondi

Zizolowezi zophunzirazi zimabweretsa kudya ngakhale tili ndi njala kapena takhuta. Anthu ambiri zimawavuta kwambiri kusiya zizolowezizi.

Banja, abwenzi, masukulu, ndi zothandizira pagulu la ana zimalimbikitsa zizolowezi zamakhalidwe okhudzana ndi zakudya komanso zochita.

Ana azunguliridwa ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kudya mopitirira muyeso komanso kukhala kovuta kuchita zinthu:

• Makolo amakhala ndi nthawi yocheperako yokonzekera komanso kukonzekera chakudya choyenera. Zotsatira zake, ana akudya zakudya zosakidwa komanso zachangu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda thanzi kuposa chakudya chophikidwa kunyumba.
• Ana amawona malonda amalonda okwana 10,000 chaka chilichonse. Zambiri mwazimenezi ndi chakudya chofulumira, maswiti, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, ndi chimanga cha shuga.
• Zakudya zambiri masiku ano zimapangidwa ndi mafuta ambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri.
• Makina ogulitsa ndi malo ogulitsira zinthu zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza zokhwasula-khwasula mwachangu, koma samagula zakudya zopatsa thanzi.
• Kudya mopitirira muyeso ndi chizolowezi chomwe chimalimbikitsidwa ndi malo odyera omwe amatsatsa zakudya zamafuta ambiri komanso magawo akulu.

Ngati kholo ndi wonenepa kwambiri ndipo samadya bwino komanso samachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mwanayo amatengera zomwezo.

Nthawi yophimba, monga kuwonera wailesi yakanema, masewera, kutumizirana mameseji, ndi kusewera pakompyuta ndi zinthu zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu zochepa. Amatenga nthawi yochuluka ndikusintha zolimbitsa thupi. Ndipo, ana akawonera TV, nthawi zambiri amalakalaka zakudya zopanda thanzi zamafuta ambiri zomwe zimawonedwa pazotsatsa.

Sukulu zili ndi gawo lofunikira pophunzitsa ophunzira za zakudya zoyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Masukulu ambiri tsopano amachepetsa zakudya zopanda thanzi nthawi yamadzulo ndi makina ogulitsira. Alimbikitsanso ophunzira kuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Kukhala ndi gulu lotetezeka lomwe limathandizira zochitika zakunja kumapaki, kapena zochitika m'nyumba m'nyumba, ndikofunikira polimbikitsa zolimbitsa thupi. Ngati kholo likuwona kuti sikuli kotetezeka kulola mwana wawo kusewera kunja, mwanayo amatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mkati.

Mawu oti vuto la kudya amatanthauza gulu lamavuto azachipatala omwe amayang'ana kwambiri za kudya, kusala pang'ono kudya, kuchepa kapena kunenepa, komanso mawonekedwe amthupi. Zitsanzo za zovuta pakudya ndi:

• Matenda a anorexia
• Bulimia

Kunenepa kwambiri komanso vuto la kudya nthawi zambiri zimachitika nthawi yomweyo kwa achinyamata komanso achinyamata omwe sangakhale osangalala ndi mawonekedwe a thupi lawo.

Ana ena amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa cha majini.Alandira majini kuchokera kwa makolo awo omwe amapangitsa matupi awo kunenepa mosavuta. Uwu ukadakhala mkhalidwe wabwino kwambiri zaka mazana zapitazo, pomwe chakudya chinali chovuta kupeza ndipo anthu anali otakataka. Masiku ano, izi zitha kugwira ntchito motsutsana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi majini awa.

Chibadwa siichifukwa chokha chonenepa kwambiri. Kuti akhale onenepa kwambiri, ana ayeneranso kudya zopatsa mphamvu zambiri kuposa zomwe amafunikira kuti akule ndi mphamvu.

Kunenepa kwambiri kumatha kulumikizidwa ndi zovuta zachibadwa, monga Prader Willi syndrome. Matenda a Prader Willi ndi matenda omwe amapezeka kuyambira pakubadwa (kobadwa nako). Ndilo chibadwa chofala kwambiri chomwe chimapangitsa ana kukhala onenepa kwambiri.

Matenda ena atha kukulitsa chilakolako cha mwana. Izi zimaphatikizapo zovuta zamahomoni kapena ntchito yotsika ya chithokomiro, komanso mankhwala ena, monga ma steroids kapena mankhwala oletsa kulanda. Popita nthawi, chilichonse mwa izi chitha kuwonjezera ngozi yakunenepa kwambiri.

Kulemera kwambiri kwa ana - zoyambitsa komanso zoopsa

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Kunenepa kwaunyamata kumayambitsa komanso zovuta. www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/causes.html. Idasinthidwa pa Seputembara 2, 2020. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 8, 2020.

Gahagan S. Kulemera kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba.Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 60.

O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Burda BU, Walsh ES, Eder M, Lozano P. Kuwunika kunenepa kwambiri komanso kulowererapo pakuwongolera kunenepa kwa ana ndi achinyamata: lipoti laumboni ndikuwunikanso mwatsatanetsatane kwa US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2017; 317 (23): 2427-2444. PMID: 28632873 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28632873/.