Kusowa kwa Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Kulephera kwa Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) ndi vuto lomwe maselo ofiira amafa thupi likagwidwa ndi mankhwala ena kapena kupsinjika kwa matenda. Ndizobadwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimaperekedwa m'mabanja.

Kulephera kwa G6PD kumachitika munthu akasowa kapena alibe enzyme yokwanira yotchedwa glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Enzyme imeneyi imathandiza maselo ofiira kugwira bwino ntchito.

G6PD yaying'ono kwambiri imabweretsa kuwonongedwa kwa maselo ofiira ofiira. Njirayi imatchedwa hemolysis. Izi zikachitika, zimatchedwa gawo la hemolytic. Magawo nthawi zambiri amakhala achidule. Izi ndichifukwa choti thupi limapitilizabe kupanga maselo ofiira atsopano, omwe amakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino.

Kuwonongeka kwa maselo ofiira am magazi kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi matenda, zakudya zina (monga nyemba za fava), ndi mankhwala ena, kuphatikiza:

• Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana monga quinine
• Aspirin (mlingo waukulu)
• Mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs)
• Quinidine
• Mankhwala a Sulfa
• Maantibayotiki monga quinolones, nitrofurantoin
  

Mankhwala ena, monga omwe ali mothboti, amathanso kuyambitsa chochitika.

Ku United States, kusowa kwa G6PD kumakhala kofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu akuda kuposa azungu. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vutoli kuposa akazi.

Mutha kukhala ndi izi ngati:

• Ndi African American
• Ndiabwino ku Middle East, makamaka achikurdi kapena Sephardic Jewish
• Ndi amuna
• Khalani ndi mbiri yabanja yakusowa

Mtundu wamatendawa amapezeka mwa azungu ochokera ku Mediterranean. Fomuyi imalumikizidwanso ndimagawo oopsa a hemolysis. Magawo ndiwotalika komanso owopsa kuposa mitundu ina yamatendawo.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli sawonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse za matendawa mpaka maselo awo ofiira atapezeka ndi mankhwala enaake pachakudya kapena mankhwala.

Zizindikiro zimakhala zofala mwa amuna ndipo zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Mkodzo wakuda
• Malungo
• Ululu m'mimba
• Kukulitsa ndulu ndi chiwindi
• Kutopa
• Pallor
• Kuthamanga kwa mtima mwachangu
• Kupuma pang'ono
• Mtundu wachikasu (jaundice)

Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuchitika kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa G6PD.

Mayesero ena omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Mulingo wa Bilirubin
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi
• Hemoglobin - mkodzo
• Mulingo wa Haptoglobin
• Mayeso a LDH
• Mayeso ochepetsa Methemoglobin
• Kuwerengera kwa reticulocyte

Chithandizo chitha kukhala:

• Mankhwala ochizira matenda, ngati alipo
• Kuyimitsa mankhwala aliwonse omwe akuwononga maselo ofiira
• Kuika magazi, nthawi zina

Nthaŵi zambiri, magawo a hemolytic amatha okha.

Nthawi zina, kulephera kwa impso kapena kufa kumatha kuchitika pambuyo poti hemolytic idachitika kwambiri.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi zodabwitsazi.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi vuto la G6PD ndipo zizindikilo sizimatha mukalandira chithandizo.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la G6PD ayenera kupewa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse chochitika. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani mankhwala anu.

Upangiri wa majini kapena kuyesa kumatha kupezeka kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mbiri yakubadwa kwa vutoli.

Kuperewera kwa G6PD; Kuchepa kwa magazi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa G6PD; Anemia - hemolytic chifukwa chakuchepa kwa G6PD

• Maselo amwazi

Gregg XT, Prchal JT. Maselo ofiira a m'magazi. Mu: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, olemba. Hematology: Mfundo Zoyambira ndi Zochita. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 44.

Lissauer T, Carroll W. Haematological zovuta. Mu: Lissauer T, Carroll W, olemba., Eds. Buku Lofotokozera la Paediatrics. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 23.

Michel M. Autoimmune ndi intravascular hemolytic anemias. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 151.