Kuopsa kwakumwa pang'ono

Kumwa mowa si vuto la akulu okha. Okalamba ambiri aku America ku sekondale adamwapo zakumwa zoledzeretsa m'mwezi watha. Kumwa kumatha kubweretsa mayendedwe owopsa komanso owopsa.

Kutha msinkhu ndi zaka zaunyamata ndi nthawi yosintha. Mwana wanu atha kuyamba kumene kusekondale kapena angopeza chiphaso choyendetsa. Atha kukhala ndi ufulu womwe sanakhale nawo kale.

Achinyamata amafuna kudziwa zambiri. Amafuna kufufuza ndikuchita zinthu m'njira yawoyawo. Koma kukakamizidwa kuti mukhale oyenerera kungapangitse kuti kukhale kovuta kukana mowa ngati zikuwoneka ngati aliyense akuyesera.

Mwana akayamba kumwa asanakwanitse zaka 15, amakhala ndi mwayi womwa mowa mwauchidakwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Pafupifupi 1 mwa achinyamata 5 amaonedwa kuti ndi omwe amamwa mowa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti:

• Kuledzeretsa
• Khalani ndi ngozi zokhudzana ndi kumwa
• Lowani m'mavuto ndi malamulo, mabanja awo, anzawo, masukulu, kapena anthu omwe amacheza nawo

Nthawi yabwino kuyamba kukambirana ndi mwana wanu zakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa tsopano. Ana omwe ali ndi zaka 9 akhoza kuyamba kufuna kudziwa za kumwa ndipo atha kumwa mowa.

Kumwa kumatha kubweretsa zisankho zomwe zingavulaze. Kumwa mowa kumatanthauza kuti izi ndi izi:

• Ngozi zamagalimoto
• Kugwa, kumira m'madzi, ndi ngozi zina
• Kudzipha
• Chiwawa komanso kupha anthu
• Kukhala wozunzidwa

Kumwa mowa kumatha kuyambitsa chiwerewere. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha:

• Matenda opatsirana pogonana
• Mimba yosafuna
• Kugwiriridwa kapena kugwiriridwa

Popita nthawi, mowa wambiri umawononga ma cell aubongo. Izi zitha kubweretsa zovuta pamakhalidwe ndi kuwonongeka kosatha kwa kukumbukira, kuganiza, ndi kuweruza. Achinyamata omwe amamwa samachita bwino kusukulu ndipo machitidwe awo atha kuwagwetsa m'mavuto.

Zotsatira zakumwa kwakanthawi kwakanthawi muubongo zitha kukhala za moyo wonse. Kumwa kumayambitsanso chiopsezo chachikulu cha kukhumudwa, kuda nkhawa, komanso kudzidalira.

Kumwa nthawi yakutha msinkhu kumasinthanso mahomoni mthupi. Izi zitha kusokoneza kukula ndi kutha msinkhu.

Mowa wambiri nthawi imodzi umatha kuvulaza kwambiri kapena kufa chifukwa chakupha. Izi zitha kuchitika ndikumwa pang'ono ngati 4 mkati mwa maola awiri.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu akumwa koma osalankhula nanu za izi, pezani thandizo. Wothandizira zaumoyo wa mwana wanu akhoza kukhala malo abwino kuyamba. Zina mwazinthu ndi monga:

• Zipatala zam'deralo
• Mabungwe azachipatala kapena aboma
• Aphungu pasukulu ya mwana wanu
• Malo azaumoyo ophunzira
• Mapulogalamu monga SMART Recovery Help ya Achinyamata ndi Achinyamata Achikulire kapena Alateen, gawo la pulogalamu ya Al-Anon

Kumwa pachiwopsezo - wachinyamata; Mowa - kumwa msinkhu; Vuto lakumwa pang'ono; Kumwa msinkhu - zoopsa

Msonkhano wa American Psychiatric. Matenda okhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Buku lothandizira ndi ziwerengero za matenda a m'maganizo. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwama Psychiatric ku America; 2013: 481-590.

Bo A, Hai AH, Jaccard J. Njira zothandizira makolo pa zotsatira zakumwa mowa mwauchidakwa: kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane ndikuwunika meta. Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Amadalira. 2018; 191: 98-109. PMID: 30096640 adasankhidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30096640/.

Gilligan C, Wolfenden L, Foxcroft DR, ndi al. Ndondomeko zodzitetezera pabanja zakumwa zoledzeretsa kwa achinyamata. Dongosolo La Cochrane Syst Rev. 2019; 3 (3): CD012287. PMID: 30888061 adatulutsidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30888061/.

Nyuzipepala ya National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Kuwunika zakumwa zoledzeretsa komanso kulowa mwachidule kwa achinyamata: chitsogozo cha akatswiri. www.niaaa.nih.gov/sites/default/files/publications/YouthGuide.pdf. Idasinthidwa mu February 2019. Idapezeka pa Epulo 9, 2020.

• Kumwa Mochepera