Myelofibrosis

Myelofibrosis ndi matenda am'mafupa momwe mafupa amalowedwa m'malo ndi minofu yolimba.

Mafupa ndi minofu yofewa komanso yonenepa yomwe ili mkati mwa mafupa anu. Maselo otupitsa ndi maselo osakhwima m'mafupa omwe amakula m'maselo anu onse amwazi. Magazi anu amapangidwa ndi:

• Maselo ofiira ofiira (omwe amanyamula mpweya kumatumba anu)
• Maselo oyera (omwe amalimbana ndi matenda)
• Ma Platelet (omwe amathandiza magazi anu kuundana)

Pamene mafupa ali ndi zipsera, sangapange maselo okwanira amwazi. Kuchepa kwa magazi, mavuto amwazi, komanso chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda kumatha kuchitika.

Zotsatira zake, chiwindi ndi ndulu zimayesa kupanga ena mwa ma cell amwazi. Izi zimapangitsa ziwalozi kutupa.

Chifukwa cha myelofibrosis nthawi zambiri sichidziwika. Palibe zodziwika pangozi. Zikachitika, nthawi zambiri zimayamba pang'onopang'ono mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50. Amayi ndi abambo amakhudzidwanso chimodzimodzi. Pali zochulukirapo zomwe zachitika mu Ashkenazi Ayuda.

Matenda a khansa yamagazi ndi mafupa, monga myelodysplastic syndrome, leukemia, ndi lymphoma, amathanso kupangitsa kuti m'mafupa mukhale mabala. Izi zimatchedwa sekondale myelofibrosis.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kudzaza m'mimba, kupweteka, kapena kumverera musanamalize kudya (chifukwa cha nthata yotakasa)
• Kupweteka kwa mafupa
• Kutuluka magazi kosavuta, mabala
• Kutopa
• Kuchulukitsa mwayi wopeza matenda
• Khungu lotumbululuka
• Kupuma pang'ono ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Kutuluka thukuta usiku
• Malungo ochepa
• Kukulitsa chiwindi
• Chifuwa chowuma
• Khungu loyabwa

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa thupi ndikufunsa za zizindikiro.

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC) wokhala ndi magazi opaka magazi kuti muwone mitundu yamagazi yamagazi
• Kuyeza kuwonongeka kwa minofu (kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme a LDH)
• Kuyesedwa kwachibadwa
• Mafupa a mafupa kuti adziwe momwe zilili ndikuyang'ana khansa ya m'mafupa

Mafupa a mafupa kapena tsinde lothandizidwa limatha kusintha zizindikilo, komanso kuchiritsa matendawa. Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimaganiziridwa kwa achinyamata.

Mankhwala ena atha kukhala:

• Kuikidwa magazi ndi mankhwala othetsera magazi m'thupi
• Poizoniyu ndi chemotherapy
• Mankhwala oyenera
• Kuchotsa ndulu (splenectomy) ngati kutupa kumayambitsa zisonyezo, kapena kuthandiza kuchepa kwa magazi

Matendawa akamakulirakulira, mafupa amasiya kugwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono. Kuchuluka kwamaplatelet kumabweretsa magazi osavuta. Kutupa kwamatenda kumatha kukulirakulira komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.

Kupulumuka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi myelofibrosis oyambira pafupifupi zaka 5. Koma anthu ena amakhala ndi moyo kwazaka zambiri.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kukula kwa pachimake myelogenous khansa ya m'magazi
• Matenda
• Magazi
• Kuundana kwamagazi
• Kulephera kwa chiwindi

Pangani msonkhano ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati muli ndi zodabwitsazi. Funsani chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo kuti musataye magazi, kupuma movutikira, kapena jaundice (khungu lachikaso ndi oyera m'maso) zomwe zimaipiraipira.

Myelofibrosis wachidziwitso; Metaplasia ya myeloid; Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia; Myelofibrosis yoyamba; Myelofibrosis yachiwiri; Mafupa a mafupa - myelofibrosis

Gotlib J. Polycythemia vera, thrombocythemia yofunikira, ndi myelofibrosis yoyamba. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 157.

Long NM, Kavanagh EC. Myelofibrosis. Mu: Papa TL, Bloem HL, Beltran J, Morrison WB, Wilson DJ, olemba. Kujambula Musculoskeletal. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 76.

Mascarenhas J, Najfeld V, Kremyanskaya M, Keyzner A, Salama ME, Hoffman R. Primary myelofibrosis. Mu: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, olemba. Hematology: Mfundo Zoyambira ndi Zochita. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 70.