Matenda a m'magazi a lymphocytic (CLL)

Matenda a lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) ndi khansa yamtundu wamagazi oyera otchedwa ma lymphocyte. Maselowa amapezeka m'mafupa ndi ziwalo zina za thupi. Mafupa ndi minofu yofewa yomwe ili pakatikati pa mafupa yomwe imathandizira kupanga maselo onse amwazi.

CLL imayambitsa kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwamtundu wina wamagazi oyera otchedwa B lymphocyte, kapena ma B cell. Maselo a khansa amafalikira m'magazi ndi m'mafupa. CLL imakhudzanso ma lymph node kapena ziwalo zina monga chiwindi ndi ndulu. CLL pamapeto pake imatha kupangitsa kuti mafupa asagwire ntchito.

Zomwe zimayambitsa CLL sizikudziwika. Palibe kulumikizana ndi radiation. Sizikudziwika ngati mankhwala ena angayambitse CLL. Kuwonetsedwa kwa Agent Orange pankhondo ya Vietnam kwalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi CLL.

CLL nthawi zambiri imakhudza achikulire, makamaka azaka zopitilira 60. Anthu ochepera zaka 45 samakonda kukhala ndi CLL. CLL imadziwika kwambiri ndi azungu kuposa mitundu ina. Amakonda kwambiri amuna kuposa akazi. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi CLL ali ndi mabanja omwe ali ndi matendawa.

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. CLL nthawi zambiri sichimayambitsa matenda poyamba. Itha kupezeka poyesa magazi komwe kumachitika mwa anthu pazifukwa zina.

Zizindikiro za CLL zitha kuphatikiza:

• Kukulitsa ma lymph node, chiwindi, kapena ndulu
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri, thukuta usiku
• Kutopa
• Malungo
• Matenda omwe amabwereranso (kubwereza), ngakhale atalandira chithandizo
• Kutaya chilakolako kapena kukhuta msanga (kusakhuta msanga)
• Kuchepetsa thupi

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzakuyesani ndikufunsani za matenda anu.

Kuyesa kuzindikira kuti CLL ingaphatikizepo:

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwamagazi (CBC) ndimaselo amwazi.
• Kuyenda kwa cytometry kuyesa kwa maselo oyera amwazi.
• Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana ndikuwerengera majini kapena ma chromosomes. Mayesowa atha kuthandizira kupeza CLL kapena kuwongolera chithandizo.
• Kuyesa kusintha kwa majini ena kumatha kuthandizira kudziwa momwe khansa idzayankhire.

Anthu omwe ali ndi CLL nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwama cell oyera.

Mayesero omwe amayang'ana kusintha kwa DNA mkati mwa maselo a khansa amathanso kuchitidwa. Zotsatira zamayesowa komanso kuchokera kumayeso am'magawo amathandizira omwe akukuthandizani kudziwa chithandizo chanu.

Ngati muli ndi CLL koyambirira, wothandizira wanu amangoyang'anitsitsa. Chithandizo sichimaperekedwa nthawi zonse koyambirira kwa CLL, pokhapokha mutakhala:

• Matenda omwe amabwereranso
• Khansa ya m'magazi yomwe ikukula mofulumira
• Maselo ofiira ofiira kapena kupatsidwa zinthu zam'mwazi
• Kutopa, kusowa kwa njala, kuonda, kapena thukuta usiku
• Kutupa ma lymph node

Chemotherapy, kuphatikizapo mankhwala omwe akulimbana nawo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira CLL. Wothandizira anu adzawona mtundu wa mankhwala omwe ali oyenera kwa inu.

Kuika magazi kapena kupatsidwa magazi m'maplatelet kungafune ngati kuchuluka kwa magazi kuli kotsika.

Mafupa kapena mafupa osanjikiza amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi CLL yoopsa kapena yoopsa. Kuika ndi mankhwala okhawo omwe amachiza CLL, komanso amakhala ndi zoopsa. Wopezayo amakambirana za kuwopsa ndi zopindulitsa ndi inu.

Inu ndi wothandizira wanu mungafunike kuthana ndi mavuto ena mukamalandira khansa ya m'magazi, kuphatikizapo:

• Kusamalira ziweto zanu pa chemotherapy
• Mavuto okhetsa magazi
• Pakamwa pouma
• Kudya zopatsa mphamvu zokwanira
• Kudya mosamala panthawi ya chithandizo cha khansa

Mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa zamankhwala ndikulowa nawo gulu lothandizira khansa. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Wothandizira anu akhoza kukambirana nanu malingaliro a CLL yanu kutengera gawo lake komanso momwe amayankhira kuchipatala.

Zovuta za CLL ndi chithandizo chake chitha kuphatikizira:

• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, momwe maselo ofiira amawonongeka ndi chitetezo chamthupi
• Kutuluka magazi kuchokera kutsamba lochepa
• Hypogammaglobulinemia, vuto lomwe limakhala ndi ma antibodies ochepa kuposa abwinobwino, omwe amatha kuonjezera matenda.
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), matenda otuluka magazi
• Matenda omwe amabwereranso (kubwereza)
• Kutopa komwe kumatha kukhala kofewa mpaka kovuta
• Khansa ina, kuphatikizapo lymphoma yoopsa kwambiri (kusintha kwa Richter)
• Zotsatira zoyipa za chemotherapy

Itanani wothandizira ngati mukukula ma lymph node kapena kutopa kosafotokozedwa, kuvulala, thukuta kwambiri, kapena kuchepa thupi.

CLL; Khansa ya m'magazi - lymphocytic (CLL); Khansa yamagazi - khansa ya m'magazi ya lymphocytic; Matenda a khansa ya m'mafupa - khansa ya m'magazi ya lymphocytic; Lymphoma - matenda amitsempha yamagazi

• Kuika mafuta m'mafupa - kutulutsa

• Kukhumba kwamfupa
• Auer ndodo
• Matenda a m'magazi a lymphocytic - mawonekedwe owoneka pang'ono
• Ma antibodies

Awan FT, Byrd JC. Matenda a m'magazi a lymphocytic. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 99.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Matenda a lymphocytic leukemia treatment (PDQ) - mtundu wa akatswiri azaumoyo. www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/cll-kuchiza-pdq. Idasinthidwa pa Januware 22, 2020. Idapezeka pa February 27, 2020.

Tsamba la National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Malangizo azachipatala a NCCN mu oncology. Matenda a khansa ya m'magazi / lymphocytic lymphoma. Mtundu 4.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cll.pdf. Idasinthidwa pa Disembala 20, 2019. Idapezeka pa February 27, 2020.