Kuzindikira kukhumudwa kwa achinyamata

M'modzi mwa achinyamata asanu amakhala ndi vuto lokhumudwa nthawi ina. Mwana wanu akhoza kukhala wokhumudwa ngati akumva wachisoni, wabuluu, wosasangalala, kapena wotsika. Matenda okhumudwa ndi vuto lalikulu, makamaka ngati malingaliro awa atenga moyo wachinyamata wanu.

Mwana wanu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kukhumudwa ngati:

• Matenda asintha m'mabanja mwanu.
• Amakumana ndi zovuta pamoyo wawo monga kumwalira m'banja, kusudzulana makolo, kuvutitsidwa, kutha kwa chibwenzi kapena bwenzi, kapena kulephera kusukulu.
• Amadzidalira ndipo amadzitsutsa.
• Mwana wanu ndi mtsikana. Atsikana achichepere ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri kuposa anyamata kukhala ndi vuto lakukhumudwa.
• Mwana wanu wachinyamata amavutika kucheza ndi anthu.
• Mwana wanu amavutika kuphunzira.
• Mwana wanu amadwala matenda osachiritsika.
• Pali mavuto am'banja kapena zovuta ndi makolo awo.

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi nkhawa, mutha kuwona zina mwazimene zimayambitsa kukhumudwa. Ngati zizindikirozi zimatha milungu iwiri kapena kupitilira apo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu wachinyamata.

• Kukwiya pafupipafupi ndikupsa mtima mwadzidzidzi.
• Omvera kwambiri pakutsutsidwa.
• Madandaulo a mutu, kupweteka m'mimba kapena mavuto ena amthupi. Mwana wanu akhoza kupita ku ofesi ya namwino kusukulu kwambiri.
• Kudzipatula kwa anthu monga makolo kapena abwenzi ena.
• Osasangalala ndi zochitika zomwe amakonda.
• Kumva kutopa nthawi yayitali.
• Zachisoni kapena zamabulu nthawi zambiri.

Onani kusintha kwa zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku za mwana wanu zomwe zitha kukhala chizindikiritso. Zochitika zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku za achinyamata anu zimatha kusintha akakhumudwa. Mutha kuzindikira kuti mwana wanu ali ndi:

• Kuvuta kugona kapena kugona mopitilira muyeso
• Kusintha pakudya, monga kusakhala ndi njala kapena kudya mopitirira masiku onse
• Nthawi yovuta kukhazikika
• Mavuto popanga zisankho

Kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha mwana wanu wachinyamata kungakhalenso chizindikiro cha kukhumudwa. Amatha kukhala ndi mavuto kunyumba kapena kusukulu:

• Kutsika sukulu, kupezeka, osachita homuweki
• Makhalidwe oopsa kwambiri, monga kuyendetsa galimoto mosasamala, kugonana mosatetezeka, kapena kuba m'masitolo
• Kupatukana ndi abale ndi abwenzi ndikukhala nthawi yambiri muli nokha
• Kumwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto lakukhumudwa amathanso kukhala ndi:

• Matenda nkhawa
• Chidziwitso cha kuchepa kwa matenda (ADHD)
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• Mavuto akudya (bulimia kapena anorexia)

Ngati mukuda nkhawa kuti mwana wanu ali ndi nkhawa, pitani kuchipatala. Wothandizirayo atha kuyesa thupi ndikuwunika mayeso a magazi kuti awonetsetse kuti mwana wanu alibe vuto lachipatala.

Wothandizira ayenera kulankhula ndi mwana wanu za:

• Zachisoni, zopsa mtima, kapena kutaya chidwi ndi zinthu wamba
• Zizindikiro zamavuto ena amisala, monga nkhawa, mania, kapena schizophrenia
• Chiwopsezo chodzipha kapena chiwawa china komanso ngati mwana wanu ali pachiwopsezo kwa iwo kapena kwa ena

Woperekayo akuyenera kufunsa zakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa. Achinyamata omwe ali ndi nkhawa ali pachiwopsezo cha:

• Kuledzera
• Chamba chokhazikika (mphika) kusuta
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena

Wopezayo akhoza kuyankhula ndi abale ena kapena aphunzitsi a achinyamata anu. Anthu awa nthawi zambiri amatha kuthandiza kuzindikira zizindikilo zakusokonezeka kwa achinyamata.

Khalani tcheru ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zakufuna kudzipha. Zindikirani ngati mwana wanu ali:

• Kupereka katundu kwa ena
• Kutsanzika kwa abale ndi abwenzi
• Kuyankhula zakufa kapena kudzipha
• Kulemba zakufa kapena kudzipha
• Kusintha umunthu
• Kutenga zoopsa zazikulu
• Kuchoka ndikufuna kukhala ndekha

Itanani omwe amakupatsani kapena foni yanu yodzipha nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuda nkhawa kuti mwana wanu akufuna kudzipha. Osanyalanyaza chiwopsezo kapena kudzipha.

Imbani 1-800-KUDZIPHA kapena 1-800-999-9999. Mutha kuyimba 24/7 kulikonse ku United States.

Achinyamata ambiri amakhumudwa nthawi zina. Kukhala ndi chithandizo komanso luso lotha kuthana ndi mavuto kumathandiza achinyamata munthawi yamavuto.

Lankhulani ndi mwana wanu kawirikawiri. Afunseni za momwe akumvera. Kulankhula za kukhumudwa sikungapangitse mkhalidwewo kuipiraipira, ndipo kungawathandize kupeza thandizo msanga.

Funsani akatswiri kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi kukhumudwa. Kuchiza kukhumudwa koyambirira kumatha kuwathandiza kuti azikhala bwino msanga, komanso kungapewe kapena kuchedwetsa magawo amtsogolo.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani, mukawona izi zotsatirazi:

• Matenda okhumudwa sakukula kapena akuipiraipira
• Mantha, kukwiya, kusinthasintha, kapena kusowa tulo kwatsopano kapena kukuipiraipira
• Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala

Msonkhano wa American Psychiatric. Kusokonezeka kwakukulu. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways: DSM-5. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwama Psychiatric ku America; 2013: 160-168.

Bostic JQ, Kalonga JB, Buxton DC. Matenda amisala a ana ndi achinyamata. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 69.

Siu AL; Gulu Lankhondo Loteteza ku US. Kuunikira kukhumudwa kwa ana ndi achinyamata: Ndemanga ya US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164 (5): 360-366. PMID: 26858097 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858097. (Adasankhidwa)

• Matenda a Achinyamata
• Achinyamata Amaganizo