Matenda ambiri amisala 7: momwe mungazindikire ndikuchizira

Zamkati

• 1. Kuda nkhawa
• 2. Matenda okhumudwa
• 3. Matenda a misala
• 4. Mavuto akudya
• 5. Kupanikizika pambuyo pa zoopsa
• 5. Kuphatikiza
• 6. Matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika
• 7. Matenda osokoneza bongo
• Matenda ena amisala

Matenda amisala amatanthauzidwa ngati kusintha kwa luntha, malingaliro ndi / kapena machitidwe, omwe angalepheretse kuyanjana kwa munthu mdera lomwe amakulira ndikukula.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamavuto amisala, omwe amagawika m'mitundu, ndipo ena mwazofala kwambiri ndi monga nkhawa, kukhumudwa, zakudya, umunthu kapena mayendedwe, mwachitsanzo.

Mavuto akulu am'maganizo omwe amapezeka ndi awa:

1. Kuda nkhawa

Matenda a nkhawa ndiofala, amapezeka pafupifupi 1 mwa anthu 4 omwe amapita kwa dokotala. Amadziwika ndikumverera kovutikira, kumangika, mantha kapena kumverera koyipa, zomwe ndizosasangalatsa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa choyembekezera zoopsa kapena china chake chosadziwika.

Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya nkhawa ndi nkhawa wamba, mantha amantha ndi mantha, ndipo ndizovulaza kwambiri zomwe zingakhudze moyo wamunthu ndi wamisala, komanso zoyambitsa zizindikilo zosasangalatsa, monga kugundana, thukuta lozizira, kunjenjemera, kusowa mpweya, kumva Kutopa, kumva kuwawa kapena kuzizira, mwachitsanzo, komanso chiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi nkhawa kapena kuzolowera kumwa mowa ndi mankhwala.

Zoyenera kuchita: tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizichita psychotherapy ndi psychologist, kuphatikiza pakuwunika ndi wazamisala yemwe, nthawi zina, atha kuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amachepetsa zizindikilo, monga antidepressants kapena anxiolytics. Amayang'aniranso ku masewera olimbitsa thupi ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, kugulitsa njira zachilengedwe kapena zosangalatsa monga kusinkhasinkha, kuvina kapena yoga zitha kukhala zothandiza, bola ngati atsogozedwa ndi adotolo. Phunzirani za njira zosiyanasiyana zothanirana ndi nkhawa.

2. Matenda okhumudwa

Matenda okhumudwa amatanthauza mkhalidwe wokhumudwa womwe umapitilira milungu yopitilira 2, ndikumva chisoni komanso kutaya chidwi kapena chisangalalo pazochita, ndipo zimatha kutsatiridwa ndi zizindikilo monga kukwiya, kusowa tulo kapena kugona kwambiri, mphwayi, kuonda kapena kunenepa, kusowa mphamvu kapena zovuta kuzikika, mwachitsanzo. Mvetsetsani momwe mungadziwire ngati ndichisoni kapena kukhumudwa.

Zoyenera kuchita: kuthana ndi kukhumudwa, kutsatira kwa wamisala kumawonetsedwa, yemwe angawonetse chithandizo molingana ndi kuopsa kwa vutoli komanso zizindikilo zake. Njira yayikulu yochizira kukhumudwa ndikuphatikizika kwa psychotherapy ndi psychologist ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana opatsirana ndi a psychi, monga Sertraline, Amitriptyline kapena Venlafaxine.

3. Matenda a misala

Schizophrenia ndiye vuto lalikulu la psychotic, lodziwika ngati matenda omwe amachititsa kusokonezeka kwa chilankhulo, kulingalira, kuzindikira, zochitika pagulu, chikondi ndi chifuniro.

Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri kwa achinyamata azaka zakubadwa, koma amatha kuchitika mibadwo ina, ndipo zina mwazizindikiro zake ndizolota, kusintha kwamakhalidwe, kunyenga, kuganiza molakwika, kusintha mayendedwe kapena chikondi chapamwamba, mwachitsanzo . Dziwani mitundu yayikulu ya schizophrenia ndi momwe mungadziwire zizindikirazo.

Zoyenera kuchita: kuwunika kwamisala ndikofunikira, komwe kukuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana ndi ma psychotic, monga Risperidone, Quetiapine, Clozapine ndi Olanzapine, mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyang'ana kwamabanja ndikutsata ndi ena azaumoyo, monga psychology, chithandizo chantchito ndi zakudya, mwachitsanzo, ndizofunikira kuti chithandizocho chikhale chothandiza kwathunthu.

4. Mavuto akudya

Matenda a anorexia ndi amodzi mwazovuta kwambiri kudya ndipo amadziwika ndi kuchepa thupi mwadala, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chokana kudya, kusokoneza chithunzi chako komanso kuwopa kunenepa.

Bulimia, yomwe imapezekanso pafupipafupi, imakhala ndi kudya chakudya chochuluka ndikuyesera kuthetsa zopatsa mphamvu munjira zovulaza, monga kuyambitsa kusanza, kumwa mankhwala otsegulitsa m'mimba, kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena kusala kudya kwakanthawi.

Zovuta pakudya ndizofala kwambiri mwa achinyamata, ndipo zakhala zikuchitika pafupipafupi chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chakuyamikira. Ngakhale anorexia ndi bulimia ndi matenda odziwika bwino kwambiri pakudya, palinso zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi kudya, monga orthorexia, momwe mumakhala nkhawa kwambiri pakudya zakudya zabwino. Dziwani mavuto omwe akukumana nawo pakudya.

Zoyenera kuchita: palibe mankhwala osavuta ochiritsira kusowa kwa chakudya, omwe amafunikira amisala, chithandizo chamaganizidwe ndi chopatsa thanzi, ndipo mankhwala nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa pokha pokha ngati ali ndi matenda, monga nkhawa kapena kukhumudwa Magulu othandizira ndi upangiri atha kukhala njira zabwino zothandizira mankhwala ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino.

5. Kupanikizika pambuyo pa zoopsa

Kupsinjika kwakutsogolo ndi nkhawa yomwe imabwera mukakumana ndi zoopsa zina, monga kumenyedwa, kuwopseza kuphedwa kapena kutayika kwa wokondedwa, mwachitsanzo. Nthawi zambiri, munthu wovutikayo amangokhalira kukumbukira zomwe zidachitika ndikumakumbukira kapena maloto, ndikuwonetsa nkhawa yayikulu komanso kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe. Onani momwe mungadziwire ngati kupsinjika pambuyo pa zoopsa.

Zoyenera kuchita: Chithandizochi chimachitika ndi psychotherapy, komwe katswiri wamaganizidwe amayesera kuthandiza kuti amvetsetse zomwe zikuchitika zomwe zimayambitsa mantha osagwirizana ndi momwe angamasulire zokumbukira zoopsa za zochitikazi. Komabe, nthawi zina, pangafunikire kupita kwa asing'anga kuti akalimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga anti-depressants kapena anxiolytics kuti athetse vutoli.

5. Kuphatikiza

Somatization ndimatenda omwe munthu amakhala ndi madandaulo angapo, kutengera ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi, koma zomwe sizimafotokozedwa ndikusintha kwachipatala. Nthawi zambiri, ndi anthu omwe amapita kwa dokotala pafupipafupi ndi zodandaula zambiri, ndipo pakuwunika zamankhwala, kuwunika thupi ndi mayeso, palibe chomwe chimapezeka.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusungunuka amakhala ndi nkhawa komanso kusintha kwa malingaliro, kuphatikiza pakukhala achangu. Kuphatikiza pakumverera kuti munthuyo amayamba kutsanzira kapena mwadala mwadzidzidzi, matendawa amatchedwa matenda osokoneza bongo.

Zoyenera kuchita: kuwunika kwamisala ndi kwamaganizidwe ndikofunikira, kuti munthuyo athe kuchepetsa zizindikilozo. Mankhwala monga anti-depressants kapena anxiolytics angafunike nthawi zina. Phunzirani zambiri zamatenda osagwirizana ndimatenda amisala.

6. Matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika

Bipolar disorder ndi matenda amisala omwe amachititsa kusinthasintha kosasunthika, kuyambira kukhumudwa, komwe kumakhala ndichisoni ndi kukhumudwa, kukwiya, kusakhazikika komanso mawonekedwe opitilira muyeso. Mvetsetsani momwe mungadziwire ndikuchizira matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika.

Zoyenera kuchita: Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimachitidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga lithiamu carbonate, yomwe imayenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi wazamisala.

7. Matenda osokoneza bongo

Matendawa amadziwikanso kuti OCD, amabweretsa malingaliro okakamiza komanso okakamiza omwe amalepheretsa zochita za munthu watsiku ndi tsiku, monga kukokomeza pakuyeretsa, kutengeka ndi kusamba m'manja, kufunika kofananira kapena kupupuluma pakupanga zinthu, mwachitsanzo.

Zoyenera kuchita: Chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo chimayendetsedwa ndi katswiri wazamisala, ndikumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga Clomipramine, Paroxetine, Fluoxetine kapena Sertraline, komanso chithandizo chazidziwitso. Dziwani zambiri za momwe mungadziwire ndi kuchizira matendawa.

Matenda ena amisala

Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zomwe zawonetsedwa kale, palinso zina zomwe zafotokozedwa mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways (DSM-5), monga:

• Matenda amisala, monga schizophrenia kapena matenda achinyengo;
• Kusokonezeka Kwaumunthu, monga paranoid, antisocial, borderline, histrionic kapena narcissistic mitundu, mwachitsanzo;
• Matenda okhudzana ndi zinthu, monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mowa, mankhwala kapena ndudu, mwachitsanzo;
• Matenda osokoneza bongo, monga delirium, Alzheimer's kapena dementias ena;
• Matenda a Neurodevelopmental, monga kupunduka kwa nzeru, zovuta zolumikizirana, autism, kuchepa kwa chidwi ndi kusakhazikika kapena zovuta zamagulu;
• Zovuta zakugonana, monga kutaya msanga msanga kapena kuchedwa;
• Matenda ogona, monga kusowa tulo, hypersomnolence kapena narcolepsy;
• Matenda a Paraphilic, zokhudzana ndi chikhumbo chakugonana.

Ngati mukukayikira za matenda amisala ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi wama psychologist kapena psychiatrist, kuti kuwunika koyenera kuchitike, kuzindikira komwe kwadziwika ndi chithandizo choyenera kwambiri choyambitsidwa.