Dementia chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa kagayidwe kachakudya

Dementia ndikutaya kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika ndi matenda ena.

Dementia chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa kagayidwe kachakudya ndikusowa kwa ntchito kwaubongo komwe kumatha kuchitika ndimachitidwe achilendo amthupi. Ndi ena mwazovuta izi, ngati atachiritsidwa msanga, kusokonekera kwa ubongo kumatha kusintha. Ngati sakusamalidwa, kuwonongeka kwaubongo kosatha, monga matenda amisala, kumatha kuchitika.

Zomwe zingayambitse matenda a dementia ndi awa:

• Matenda a mahomoni, monga matenda a Addison, Cushing matenda
• Kutulutsa zitsulo zolimba, monga kutsogolera, arsenic, mercury, kapena manganese
• Bwerezani magawo a shuga otsika magazi (hypoglycemia), omwe amawoneka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito insulin
• Mulingo wambiri wa calcium m'magazi, monga chifukwa cha hyperparathyroidism
• Kutaya kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (hypothyroidism) kapena kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (thyrotoxicosis) mthupi
• Chiwindi matenda enaake
• Impso kulephera
• Mavuto azakudya, monga kuchepa kwa vitamini B1, kusowa kwa vitamini B12, pellagra, kapena kuperewera kwama protein-calorie
• Zovuta
• Ziphe, monga methanol
• Kumwa mowa kwambiri
• Matenda a Wilson
• Zovuta za mitochondria (magawo opanga mphamvu zama cell)
• Kusintha mwachangu pamlingo wa sodium

Matenda amadzimadzi amatha kuyambitsa chisokonezo ndikusintha pakuganiza kapena kulingalira. Zosinthazi zitha kukhala zazifupi kapena zosatha. Dementia imachitika pamene zizindikiritsozo sizisintha. Zizindikiro zitha kukhala zosiyana kwa aliyense. Amadalira thanzi lawo lomwe limayambitsa matendawa.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za dementia zitha kuphatikiza:

• Zovuta ndi ntchito zomwe zimaganizira koma zimabwera mosavuta, monga kusanja cheke, kusewera masewera (monga mlatho), ndikuphunzira zatsopano kapena zochita zina
• Kutayika panjira zodziwika bwino
• Mavuto azilankhulo, monga zovuta ndi mayina azinthu zodziwika bwino
• Kutaya chidwi ndi zinthu zomwe kale zimakondwera, kusakhazikika
• Kuyika zinthu molakwika
• Kusintha kwa umunthu ndikusowa maluso ochezera, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa machitidwe osayenera
• Kusintha kwamachitidwe komwe kumatha kuyambitsa nthawi yaukali komanso nkhawa
  
• Kusachita bwino pantchito kumabweretsa kutsika kapena kutaya ntchito
  

Matendawa akamakulirakulira, zizindikiro zimawonekera kwambiri ndipo zimasokoneza mwayi wodziyang'anira:

• Kusintha magonedwe, nthawi zambiri amadzuka usiku
• Kuiwala tsatanetsatane wazomwe zachitika, kuyiwala zochitika m'mbiri ya moyo wa munthu
• Kukhala ndi zovuta kuchita zinthu zofunika, monga kuphika chakudya, kusankha zovala zoyenera, kapena kuyendetsa galimoto
• Kukhala ndi malingaliro, zitsutso, kumenya nkhondo, komanso kuchita zachiwawa
• Zovuta zambiri kuwerenga kapena kulemba
• Kusaganiza bwino ndikulephera kuzindikira zoopsa
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu olakwika, osatchula mawu molondola, kuyankhula m'mawu osokoneza
• Kuchokera pamacheza

Munthuyo amathanso kukhala ndi zizindikilo kuchokera ku matenda omwe amayambitsa matenda amisala.

Kutengera ndi chomwe chimayambitsa, dongosolo lamanjenje (kuwunika kwamitsempha) limachitika kuti athetse mavutowo.

Kuyesa kuti mupeze matenda omwe amachititsa kuti munthu adwale matendawa kungaphatikizepo:

• Amoniya mulingo wamagazi
• Magazi amadzimadzi, ma electrolyte
• Mulingo wama glucose amwazi
• BUN, creatinine kuti muwone momwe impso imagwirira ntchito
• Kuyesa kwa chiwindi
• Lumbar kuboola (tapampopi)
• Kuunika kwa zakudya
• Mayeso a chithokomiro
• Kupenda kwamadzi
• Mulingo wa Vitamini B12

Pofuna kuthetsa mavuto ena a ubongo, EEG (electroencephalogram), mutu wa CT scan, kapena mutu wa MRI scan nthawi zambiri umachitika.

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuthana ndi vutoli ndikuwongolera zizindikiritso. Ndi zovuta zina zamagetsi, chithandizo chitha kuyimitsa kapena kusinthanso zizindikiritso za dementia.

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a Alzheimer sanawonetsedwe kuti akugwira ntchito yamatenda amtunduwu. Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito, pomwe mankhwala ena amalephera kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa.

Ndondomeko ziyenera kupangidwanso zosamalira kunyumba kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amisala.

Zotsatira zimasiyanasiyana, kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amisala komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.

Zovuta zitha kukhala izi:

• Kutaya ntchito kapena kudzisamalira
• Kutaya kulumikizana
• Chibayo, matenda amikodzo, ndi matenda akhungu
• Zilonda zamagetsi
• Zizindikiro za vutoli (monga kutayika kwachisoni chifukwa cha kuvulala kwamitsempha kuchokera kusowa kwa vitamini B12)

Itanani nthawi yoti mudzakumane ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati zizindikiro zikuipiraipira kapena zikupitilira. Pitani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa kapena itanani nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko (monga 911) ngati mwadzidzidzi mwasintha kapena mwadzidzidzi wowopsa.

Kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa zochepetsera kuchepa kwa matenda am'magazi am'magazi.

Matenda ubongo - kagayidwe kachakudya; Chidziwitso chofatsa - kagayidwe kake; MCI - kagayidwe kachakudya

• Ubongo
• Ubongo ndi dongosolo lamanjenje

Budson AE, Solomon PR. Zovuta zina zomwe zimayambitsa kukumbukira kukumbukira kapena kupsinjika. Mu: Budson AE, Solomon PR, olemba. Kutaya Kokumbukira, Matenda a Alzheimer, ndi Dementia. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 14.

Knopman DS. Kuwonongeka kwazindikiritso ndi matenda amisala. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 374.

Peterson R, Graff-Radford J. Matenda a Alzheimer ndi matenda ena amisala. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 95.