Kuyesedwa kwa majini a BRCA1 ndi BRCA2

Mayeso amtundu wa BRCA1 ndi BRCA2 ndi mayeso amwazi omwe angakuuzeni ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa. Dzinalo BRCA limachokera m'makalata awiri oyamba a brkummawa cancer.

BRCA1 ndi BRCA2 ndi majini omwe amaletsa zotupa zoyipa (khansa) mwa anthu. Matendawa akasintha (amasinthidwa) samapondereza zotupa momwe amayenera. Chifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini a BRCA1 ndi BRCA2 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa.

Azimayi omwe asintha motere ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere kapena khansa ya m'mimba. Kusintha kwa thupi kumathandizanso kuti amayi azikhala ndi mwayi wokula:

• Khansara ya chiberekero
• Khansara ya chiberekero
• Khansa ya m'matumbo
• Khansara ya pancreatic
• Khansara ya gallbladder kapena khansa ya bile
• Khansa yam'mimba
• Khansa ya pakhungu

Amuna omwe ali ndi kusintha kumeneku nawonso amakhala ndi khansa. Kusintha kwa thupi kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chamunthu chokhala ndi:

• Khansa ya m'mawere
• Khansara ya pancreatic
• Khansa ya testicular
• Khansa ya prostate

Pafupifupi 5% ya khansa ya m'mawere ndi 10 mpaka 15% ya khansa yamchiberekero imalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa BRCA1 ndi BRCA2.

Musanayesedwe, muyenera kukambirana ndi mlangizi wa zamtunduwu kuti mudziwe zambiri za mayesowo, komanso kuopsa kwake ndi maubwino ake.

Ngati muli ndi wachibale wanu yemwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere kapena khansa ya m'mimba, fufuzani ngati munthuyo wayesedwa kusintha kwa BRCA1 ndi BRCA2. Ngati munthuyo akusintha, mungaganizire zoyesedwanso.

Wina m'banja lanu atha kusintha BRCA1 kapena BRCA2 ngati:

• Achibale awiri kapena kupitilira apo (makolo, abale, ana) ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere asanakwanitse zaka 50
• Wachibale wamwamuna ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere
• Wachibale wamkazi ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere ndi yamchiberekero
• Achibale awiri ali ndi khansa yamchiberekero
• Ndinu ochokera ku Eastern Europe (Ashkenazi) achiyuda, ndipo wachibale wapafupi ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere kapena yamchiberekero

Muli ndi mwayi wotsika kwambiri wokhala ndi kusintha kwa BRCA1 kapena BRCA2 ngati:

• Mulibe wachibale yemwe anali ndi khansa ya m'mawere asanakwanitse zaka 50
• Mulibe wachibale yemwe anali ndi khansa yamchiberekero
• Mulibe wachibale yemwe anali ndi khansa ya m'mawere yamphongo

Asanayese kuyezetsa, lankhulani ndi mlangizi wa majini kuti asankhe ngati angayesedwe.

• Bweretsani mbiri yanu yazachipatala, mbiri yazachipatala yabanja, ndi mafunso.
• Mungafune kubweretsa wina kuti adzamvere ndikulemba zolemba. Ndizovuta kumva ndikukumbukira chilichonse.

Ngati mwasankha kukayezetsa, magazi anu amatumizidwa ku labu yomwe imagwira ntchito yoyezetsa majini. Labu imeneyo iyesa magazi anu pakusintha kwa BRCA1 ndi BRCA2. Zitha kutenga milungu kapena miyezi kuti mupeze zotsatira za mayeso.

Zotsatira zakuyeza zikabwerera, mlangizi wamtunduwu adzafotokoza zotsatira zake ndi tanthauzo lake kwa inu.

Zotsatira zoyesa zabwino zikutanthauza kuti mwalandira kusintha kwa BRCA1 kapena BRCA2.

• Izi sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa, kapena ngakhale kuti mudzakhala ndi khansa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa.
• Izi zikutanthauzanso kuti mutha kapena mukadatha kupititsa izi kwa ana anu. Nthawi iliyonse mukakhala ndi mwana pamakhala mwayi umodzi mwa awiri mwana wanu amapeza kusintha komwe muli nako.

Mukadziwa kuti muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa, mutha kusankha ngati mungachite mosiyana.

• Mungafune kuyesedwa ngati muli ndi khansa pafupipafupi, chifukwa chake imatha kugwidwa msanga ndikuthandizidwa.
• Pakhoza kukhala mankhwala omwe mungamwe omwe angachepetse mwayi wanu wodwala khansa.
• Mutha kusankha opareshoni kuti muchotse mabere kapena mazira.

Palibe izi zomwe zingatsimikizire kuti simudzakhala ndi khansa.

Ngati zotsatira za mayeso anu pakusintha kwa BRCA1 ndi BRCA2 alibe, wopereka maumboni angakuuzeni tanthauzo la izi. Mbiri ya banja lanu ithandiza mlangizi wamtundu kuti amvetsetse zotsatira zoyipa zoyesedwa.

Zotsatira zoyipa sizitanthauza kuti simudzakhala ndi khansa. Zitha kutanthauza kuti muli ndi chiopsezo chofanana chotenga khansa monganso anthu omwe alibe kusinthaku.

Onetsetsani kuti mukambirana zonse zomwe mwayesedwa, ngakhale zoyipa, ndiupangiri wanu wamtundu.

Khansa ya m'mawere - BRCA1 ndi BRCA2; Khansara yamchiberekero - BRCA1 ndi BRCA2

Moyer VA; Gulu Lachitetezo la U.S. Kuwunika zowopsa, upangiri wa majini, ndi kuyesa kwa majini kwa khansa yokhudzana ndi BRCA mwa akazi: Ndemanga yothandizidwa ndi US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2014; 160 (4): 271-281. PMID: 24366376 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24366376. (Adasankhidwa)

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Kusintha kwa BRCA: chiopsezo cha khansa komanso kuyesa majini. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet. Idasinthidwa pa Januware 30, 2018. Idapezeka pa Ogasiti 5, 2019.

Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF (Adasankhidwa) Matenda a khansa ndi majeremusi. Mu: Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF, olemba. Thompson ndi Thompson Genetics mu Mankhwala. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 15.

• Khansa ya m'mawere
• Kuyesa Kwachibadwa
• Khansa Yamchiberekero