Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala - amphetamines

Amphetamines ndi mankhwala. Zitha kukhala zovomerezeka kapena zosaloledwa. Amaloledwa kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala ndipo amathandizira kuthana ndi mavuto azaumoyo monga kunenepa kwambiri, matenda osokoneza bongo, kapena vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD). Kugwiritsa ntchito amphetamines kumatha kubweretsa chizolowezi.

Amphetamines ndi osaloledwa akagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda mankhwala kuti akweze kapena kukonza magwiridwe antchito. Poterepa, amadziwika kuti misewu, kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo kuwagwiritsa ntchito kumatha kubweretsa chizolowezi. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za amphetamines.

Pali mitundu yama amphetamines amisewu. Zofala ndi zina mwamawu omwe amakhala akuti ndi awa:

• Amphetamine: goey, louee, liwiro, okwera, whiz
• Dextroamphetamine (mankhwala a ADHD ogwiritsidwa ntchito mosaloledwa): ma dexies, kuthamanga kwa ana, mapiritsi a pep, apamwamba; kukongola kwakuda (kuphatikiza ndi amphetamine)
• Methamphetamine (mawonekedwe olimba a kristalo): m'munsi, kristalo, d-meth, mwachangu, galasi, ayezi, meth, liwiro, whiz, pure, sera
• Methamphetamine (mawonekedwe amadzimadzi): magazi a kambuku, magazi ofiira, magazi a ng'ombe, liwiro lofiira

Ma amphetamine osavomerezeka amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Mapiritsi ndi makapisozi
• Ufa ndi phala
• Crystal
• Zamadzimadzi

Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Yamezedwa
• Amadziphatika pa nkhama
• Mpweya kudzera m'mphuno (snorted)
• Jekeseni mu mtsempha (kuwombera)
• Kusuta

Amphetamine ndi mankhwala olimbikitsa. Amapanga mauthenga pakati pa ubongo ndi thupi lanu kuyenda mofulumira. Zotsatira zake, mumakhala atcheru komanso otakasuka. Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito amphetamine kuwathandiza kukhala maso pantchito kapena kuphunzira mayeso. Ena amawagwiritsa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo masewera awo.

Amphetamines amachititsanso ubongo kumasula dopamine. Dopamine ndi mankhwala omwe amakhudzidwa ndimisala, kulingalira, ndi kuyenda. Amatchedwanso kuti ubongo wabwino wa mankhwala. Kugwiritsa ntchito amphetamines kumatha kubweretsa zosangalatsa monga:

• Joy (euphoria, kapena "flash" kapena "rush") komanso zochepa zoletsa, zofanana ndi kuledzera
• Kumverera ngati kuti malingaliro anu ndi omveka bwino
• Kumverera kuti mumayang'anira, kudzidalira
• Kufuna kukhala ndi kuyankhula ndi anthu (ochezeka)
• Kuchulukitsa mphamvu

Momwe mumamvera mwachangu zotsatira za amphetamines zimadalira momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito:

• Kusuta kapena kubaya jekeseni mumtsinje (kuwombera): Zotsatira zake ("kuthamanga") kumayambira nthawi yomweyo ndipo kumakhala kwakukulu ndipo kumatenga mphindi zochepa.
• Kubowola: Zotsatira ("zapamwamba") zimayamba mu mphindi 3 mpaka 5, sizocheperako kuposa kusuta kapena jakisoni, ndipo zimatha mphindi 15 mpaka 30.
• Kutengedwa pakamwa: Zotsatira ("zapamwamba") zimayamba mu mphindi 15 mpaka 20 ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kusuta, jekeseni, kapena kuputa, kutengera kuchuluka kwa zomwe zatengedwa.

Amphetamines amatha kuvulaza thupi m'njira zambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti:

• Njala kuchepa ndi kuonda
• Mavuto amtima monga kugunda kwamtima, kugunda kwamtima mosasinthasintha, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso matenda amtima
• Kutentha kwa thupi ndi khungu kutsuka
• Kulephera kukumbukira kukumbukira kuganiza bwino, komanso kupweteka
• Mavuto okhumudwa komanso okhumudwa monga nkhanza kapena zachiwawa, kukhumudwa, komanso kudzipha
• Zokhalitsa zomwe zikuchitika komanso kulephera kudziwa zomwe zili zenizeni
• Kupumula ndi kunjenjemera
• Zilonda za khungu
• Mavuto ogona
• Kuwonongeka kwa mano (kamwa ya meth)
• Imfa

Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, makamaka methamphetamine, ali ndi mwayi waukulu wotenga kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda a chiwindi a B ndi C. Izi zitha kuchitika pogawana masingano omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito ndi munthu amene ali ndi matenda. Kapenanso, zitha kukhala zogonana mosatetezeka chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumatha kubweretsa zizolowezi zowopsa.

Amphetamines amatha kubala zolakwika akabadwa akamamwa. Komanso, mankhwala osokoneza bongo mumsewu sakhala otetezeka panthawi yoyamwitsa.

Nthawi zambiri simumakonda kumwa mankhwala amphetamines mukamamwa mankhwala oyenera paumoyo wanu.

Kuledzera kumachitika mukamagwiritsa ntchito amphetamine kuti mukhale okwera kapena kukonza magwiridwe antchito. Kuledzera kumatanthauza kuti thupi ndi malingaliro anu zimadalira mankhwala. Simungathe kuwongolera momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito ndipo mumafunikira kuti muzitha pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Kuledzera kumatha kubweretsa kulolerana. Kulekerera kumatanthauza kuti mumafunikira mankhwala ochulukirapo kuti mumve bwino. Ndipo ngati mutayesa kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito, malingaliro anu ndi thupi lanu zimatha kukhala ndi machitidwe. Izi zimatchedwa zizindikiritso zakutha, ndipo mwina ndi izi:

• Kulakalaka kwambiri mankhwalawa
• Kukhala ndimasinthidwe amtundu wina kuyambira pakumva kupsinjika mpaka kukwiya mpaka kuda nkhawa
• Kumva kutopa tsiku lonse
• Osatha kuyika chidwi
• Kuwona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe kulibe (kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo)
• Zochita zathupi zimatha kuphatikizira kupweteka mutu, zopweteka ndi zowawa, chilakolako chofuna kudya, kusagona bwino

Chithandizo chimayamba ndikazindikira kuti pali vuto. Mukasankha kuti mukufuna kuchita kanthu kena kokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, gawo lotsatira ndikupeza thandizo ndi chithandizo.

Mapulogalamu azachipatala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosinthira machitidwe popereka upangiri (chithandizo chamankhwala). Cholinga ndikukuthandizani kumvetsetsa zamakhalidwe anu komanso chifukwa chomwe mumagwiritsira ntchito amphetamine. Kuphatikiza abale ndi abwenzi panthawi yolangizidwa kumatha kukuthandizani ndikukulepheretsani kugwiritsa ntchito (kubwerera).

Ngati muli ndi matenda obwera chifukwa chosiya, mungafunikire kukhala pulogalamu yothandizidwa. Kumeneko, thanzi lanu ndi chitetezo chanu zitha kuyang'aniridwa mukamachira.

Pakadali pano, palibe mankhwala omwe angathandize kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito amphetamines poletsa zovuta zawo. Koma, asayansi akufufuza za mankhwalawa.

Mukachira, yang'anani pa zotsatirazi kuti muteteze kuyambiranso:

• Pitilizani kupita kuchipatala.
• Pezani zochitika zatsopano ndi zolinga m'malo mwa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Khalani ndi nthawi yambiri ndi abale ndi anzanu omwe simunalumikizane nawo pomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Ganizirani kuti musawone anzanu omwe akugwiritsabe ntchito.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikudya zakudya zabwino.Kusamalira thupi lanu kumathandiza kuchira ku mavuto obwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mudzakhalanso bwino, inunso.
• Pewani zoyambitsa. Awa akhoza kukhala anthu omwe mudagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zitha kukhalanso malo, zinthu, kapena zotengeka zomwe zingakupangitseni kufuna kugwiritsanso ntchito.

Zowonjezera zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti mupeze bwino ndi izi:

• Mgwirizano wa Ana Opanda Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo - drugfree.org/
• LifeRing - www.lifering.org/
• Kubwezeretsa kwa SMART - www.smartrecovery.org/
• Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Osadziwika - www.na.org/

Dongosolo lanu lothandizira pantchito (EAP) ndichinthu chabwino.

Itanani nthawi yoti mudzakumane ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati inu kapena munthu wina yemwe mumamudziwa amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito amphetamines ndipo akusowa thandizo kuti asiye kugwiritsa ntchito. Muyimbenso ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zakusowa komwe kumakudetsani nkhawa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo - amphetamine; Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo - amphetamine; Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo - amphetamine

Kowalchuk A, Reed BC. Matenda osokoneza bongo. Mu: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, olemba. Buku Lophunzitsira La Banja. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 50.

National Institute on Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo. Methamphetamine. www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/methamphetamine/what-methamphetamine. Idasinthidwa mu Okutobala 2019. Idapezeka pa June 26, 2020.

Pezani nkhaniyi pa intaneti Weiss RD. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 31.

• Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
• Methamphetamine