Nkhani yosunga ndalama zolipirira zaumoyo

Inshuwalansi yaumoyo ikasintha, ndalama zakuthumba zimakulirakulirabe. Ndi maakaunti apadera osungira, mutha kupatula ndalama zopanda misonkho pazomwe mungawononge. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simudzalipira kapena kuchepetsa misonkho pa ndalamazo.

Zosankha zotsatirazi mutha kuzipeza:

• Akaunti Yosunga Zaumoyo (HSA)
• Akaunti Yosunga Zamankhwala (MSA)
• Makonda Owononga Ndalama (FSA)
• Makonzedwe Obwezera Zaumoyo (HRA)

Abwana anu angakupatseni zosankhazi, ndipo zina mwazokha zingakhazikitsidwe panokha. Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito akauntiyi chaka chilichonse.

Maakaunti awa amavomerezedwa kapena kuyang'aniridwa ndi Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Maakauntiwo amasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mungasunge komanso momwe ndalama zimagwiritsidwira ntchito.

HSA ndi akaunti yakubanki yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kuti musunge ndalama zolipira kuchipatala. Kuchuluka komwe mungathe kupatula kusintha chaka ndi chaka. Olemba ena amapereka ndalama ku HSA yanu. Mutha kusunga ndalamazo muakaunti malinga momwe mungafunire. Mu 2018, malire a zopereka anali $ 3,450 kwa munthu m'modzi.

Banki kapena kampani ya inshuwaransi nthawi zambiri imakusungirani ndalama. Amatchedwa matrasti a HSA, kapena osunga. Abwana anu atha kukhala ndi chidziwitso chokhudza inu. Ngati abwana anu akuyang'anira akauntiyi, mutha kukhala ndi mwayi wolipira misonkho isanakwane. Mukadzitsegula nokha, mutha kutenga ndalama mukamapereka misonkho.

Ndi ma HSA, mutha:

• Nenani kuti kuchotsedwa pamisonkho
• Pezani chiwongola dzanja chaulere
• Chotsani ndalama zomwe mumalipira
• Tumizani HSA kwa wolemba watsopano kapena nokha ngati musintha ntchito

Komanso, mutha kunyamula ndalama zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito chaka chamawa. Pambuyo pa zaka 65, mutha kutenga ndalama mu HSA yanu pazinthu zopanda chithandizo chamankhwala, popanda chilango.

Anthu omwe ali ndi mapulani azaumoyo (HDHP) amayenera kukhala ndi HSA. Ma HDHP ali ndi ma deductibles apamwamba kuposa mapulani ena. Kuti muwoneke ngati HDHP, dongosolo lanu liyenera kukhala ndi zochotseka zomwe zimakwaniritsa ndalama zina. Kwa 2020, ndalamayi yatha $ 3,550 kwa munthu m'modzi. Ndalamazo zimasintha chaka chilichonse.

Ma MSAs ndi maakaunti ngati ma HSA. Komabe, ma MSAs ndi a anthu omwe amadziyang'anira pawokha komanso ogwira ntchito m'mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono (ochepera 50), ndi okwatirana nawo. Ndalama zomwe mungasankhe zimadalira ndalama zomwe mumapeza pachaka komanso dongosolo lazachipatala.

Medicare ilinso ndi dongosolo la MSA.

Monga HSA, banki kapena kampani ya inshuwaransi ndizomwe zimasunga.Koma ndi ma MSAs, mwina inu kapena abwana anu mutha kuyika ndalama muakauntiyi, koma osati zonse chaka chimodzi.

Ndi ma MSAs, mutha:

• Nenani kuti kuchotsedwa pamisonkho
• Pezani chiwongola dzanja chaulere
• Chotsani ndalama zomwe mumalipira
• Tumizani MSA kwa owalemba ntchito atsopano kapena nokha ngati musintha ntchito

FSA ndi akaunti yopulumutsa misonkho yoperekedwa ndi abwana pantchito yamtundu uliwonse. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ndalamazo kubwezeredwa pazachipatala. Anthu odzilemba okha sangathe kupeza FSA.

Ndi FSA, mukuvomera kuti abwana anu aziyika gawo limodzi la ndalama zanu zamsonkho muakaunti. Abwana anu nawonso atha kuthandizira kuakauntiyi, ndipo siyili gawo lazopeza zanu zonse.

Simuyenera kuchita kupereka zikalata zamisonkho ku FSA yanu. Mukachotsa ndalama muakauntiyi kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndalama zoyenera kuchipatala, zilibe msonkho. Monga ngongole, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito akauntiyi musanaike ndalama muakauntiyi.

Ndalama zilizonse zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito sizikupitilira chaka chamawa. Chifukwa chake mudzataya ndalama zilizonse zomwe mungaike muakauntiyi ngati simukazigwiritsa ntchito kumapeto kwa chaka. Simungatengerenso FSA ngati mungasinthe ntchito.

HRA ndi njira yosavuta yoperekedwa ndi wolemba anzawo ntchito yamtundu uliwonse wamankhwala. Sifunikira akaunti yakubanki yapadera komanso malipoti amisonkho. Palibe mwayi wamisonkho ku akaunti iyi.

Abwana anu amalipiritsa momwe amasankhira ndikukhazikitsa zomwe zili mgululi. Abwana anu amasankha ndalama zochotsera m'thumba zomwe mungakwanitse ndipo amapereka chindapusa mukamagwiritsa ntchito zaumoyo. Ma HRA atha kukhazikitsidwa pamtundu uliwonse wamaphunziro azaumoyo.

Mukasintha ntchito, ndalama za HRA sizimayenda nanu. Kumene ma HSA amakukhudzani, ma HRA amalumikizidwa ndi olemba anzawo ntchito.

Maakaunti osunga zaumoyo; Maakaunti osinthasintha; Ndalama zosunga ndalama; Ndondomeko yobwezera zaumoyo; HSA; MSA; Woponya mivi MSA; FSA; HRA

Dipatimenti ya Chuma Chuma - Internal Revenue Service. Maakaunti osungira azaumoyo ndi mapulani ena okhudzana ndi misonkho. www.irg.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p969.pdf. Idasinthidwa pa Seputembara 23, 2020. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 28, 2020.

HealthCare.gov tsamba. Akaunti yosungira zaumoyo (HSA). www.healthcare.gov/glossary/health-savings-account-hsa. www.healthcare.gov/glossary/health-savings-account-hsa. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 28, 2020.

HealthCare.gov tsamba. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Flexible Spending Account (FSA). Healthcarecare.gov/have-job-based-coverage/flexible-spending-accounts. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 29, 2020.

Tsamba la Medicare.gov. Mapulani a Medicare Medical Savings Account (MSA). www.medicare.gov/sign-up-change-plans/types-of-medicare-health-plans/medicare-medical-savings-account-msa-plans. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 29, 2020.

HealthCare.gov tsamba. Makonzedwe Obwezera Zaumoyo (HRA). www.healthcare.gov/glossary/health-reimbursement-account-hra. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 29, 2020.

• Inshuwalansi ya Zaumoyo