Kusokonezeka kwamantha

Matenda a mantha ndi mtundu wa matenda amisala omwe mumakumana nawo mobwerezabwereza mantha akulu kuti china chake choipa chidzachitika.

Choyambitsa sichikudziwika. Chibadwa chingatenge gawo. Achibale ena atha kukhala ndi vutoli. Koma mantha amantha nthawi zambiri amapezeka ngati kulibe mbiri yabanja.

Matenda amantha ndi ochulukirapo kuwirikiza kawiri azimayi kuposa amuna. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba asanakwanitse zaka 25 koma zimatha kuchitika pakati pa 30s. Ana amathanso kukhala ndi mantha, koma nthawi zambiri samapezeka mpaka atakula.

Kuopsa kwamantha kumayamba mwadzidzidzi ndipo nthawi zambiri kumawonjezeka mkati mwa mphindi 10 mpaka 20. Zizindikiro zina zimapitilira ola limodzi kapena kupitilira apo. Kuopsa kwamantha kungakhale kolakwika chifukwa cha vuto la mtima.

Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mantha nthawi zambiri amakhala mwamantha kuti aukiridwanso, ndipo amatha kuchita mantha kukhala yekha kapena kutali ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mantha ali ndi zizindikiro zinayi zotsatirazi pakuukiridwa:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino
• Chizungulire kapena kukomoka
• Kuopa kufa
• Kuopa kutaya mphamvu kapena chiwonongeko chomwe chikubwera
• Kumva kutsamwa
• Kumverera kodzitchinjiriza
• Kumverera kwachilendo
• Nseru kapena kukhumudwa m'mimba
• Dzanzi kapena kumva kulasalasa m'manja, mapazi, kapena pankhope
• Kupindika, kugunda kwamtima, kapena kugunda kwa mtima
• Kumva kupuma pang'ono kapena kufwenthera
• Thukuta, kuzizira, kapena kutentha
• Kunjenjemera kapena kunjenjemera

Kuopsa kumatha kusintha machitidwe ndikugwira ntchito kunyumba, kusukulu, kapena kuntchito. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa za zomwe zimawopsa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mantha amatha kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa kapena mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo. Amatha kumva chisoni kapena kukhumudwa.

Zowopsa sizinganenedweratu. Poyambirira kwa matendawa, palibe chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Kukumbukira zomwe zinachitika kale kungayambitse mantha.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la mantha amayamba kupeza chithandizo kuchipatala. Izi ndichifukwa choti mantha amantha nthawi zambiri amamva ngati matenda amtima.

Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala ayesa kuyeza thupi ndikuwunika zaumoyo.

Kuyezetsa magazi kudzachitika. Matenda ena azachipatala ayenera kuthetsedwa asanawonekere matenda amantha. Zovuta zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala zidzalingaliridwa chifukwa zizindikiro zimatha kufanana ndi mantha.

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuthandizani kuti mugwire bwino ntchito pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala komanso mankhwala olankhula kumathandiza kwambiri.

Kulankhula kwamankhwala (chithandizo chazidziwitso, kapena CBT) kungakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa zowopsa komanso momwe mungathane nazo. Mukamalandira chithandizo, muphunzira momwe:

• Mvetsetsani ndikuwongolera malingaliro osokonekera pamavuto amoyo, monga machitidwe a anthu ena kapena zochitika m'moyo.
• Zindikirani ndikusintha malingaliro omwe amachititsa mantha ndikuchepetsa kusowa thandizo.
• Sinthani kupsinjika ndi kupumula pakachitika zizindikiro.
• Ingoganizirani zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa, kuyambira ndikuwopa pang'ono. Yesetsani kuchita zinthu zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi mantha anu.

Mankhwala ena, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuthana ndi kukhumudwa, atha kukhala othandiza pavutoli. Amagwira ntchito popewa zizindikilo zanu kapena kuzipangitsa kukhala zochepa. Muyenera kumwa mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse. Osasiya kuwatenga osalankhula ndi omwe amakupatsani.

Angathenso kupatsidwa mankhwala otchedwa sedative kapena hypnotics.

• Mankhwalawa ayenera kungotengedwa ndi dokotala.
• Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala ochepa. Siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse.
• Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zizindikilo zikuwonjezeka kapena mukatsala pang'ono kuwonetsedwa ndi zomwe zimabweretsa zizindikiro zanu.
• Ngati mwauzidwa kuti mugone, musamwe mowa mukamamwa mankhwala amtunduwu.

Zotsatirazi zingathandizenso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kapena kuopsa kwa mantha:

• Osamwa mowa.
• Idyani nthawi zonse.
• Muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Muzigona mokwanira.
• Pezani kapena pewani caffeine, mankhwala ena ozizira, ndi zopatsa mphamvu.

Mutha kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwakukhala ndi vuto lamantha polowa nawo gulu lothandizira. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Magulu othandizira nthawi zambiri samakhala m'malo mwa mankhwala olankhula kapena kumwa mankhwala, koma atha kukhala othandizira.

• Nkhawa ndi Kukhumudwa Association of America - adaa.org
• National Institute of Mental Health - www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/panic-disorder-when-fear-overwhelms/index.shtml

Zovuta zamantha zitha kukhala zazitali komanso zovuta kuchiza. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matendawa sangachiritsidwe. Koma anthu ambiri amachira akalandira chithandizo choyenera.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mantha amatha:

• Kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Osagwira ntchito kapena osapindulitsa pantchito
• Khalani ndi zibwenzi zovuta, kuphatikizapo mavuto am'banja
• Khalani otalikirana ndikuchepetsa komwe akupita kapena komwe ali

Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakupatsani mwayi kuti mupite kukakumana ngati mantha akusokoneza ntchito yanu, maubale, kapena kudzidalira.

Imbani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko kapena muwone omwe akukuthandizani nthawi yomweyo mukayamba kudzipha.

Mukakhala ndi mantha, pewani izi:

• Mowa
• Zolimbikitsa monga caffeine ndi cocaine

Zinthu izi zimatha kuyambitsa kapena kukulitsa zizindikilo.

Mantha; Nkhawa; Mantha; Nkhawa - mantha

Msonkhano wa American Psychiatric. Matenda nkhawa. Mu: American Psychiatric Association, wolemba. Kusanthula ndi Buku Lophatikiza la Mavuto Amisala. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwama Psychiatric ku America; 2013: 189-234.

Calkins AW, Bui E, Taylor CT, Pollack MH, LeBeau RT, Simon NM. Matenda nkhawa. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 32.

Lyness JM. Matenda amisala pamankhwala. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 369.

Tsamba la National Institute of Mental Health. Matenda nkhawa. www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml. Idasinthidwa mu Julayi 2018. Idapezeka pa June 17, 2020.