Matenda osokoneza bongo

Matenda osokoneza bongo (OCD) ndimatenda amisala momwe anthu amakhala ndi malingaliro osafunikira komanso obwerezabwereza, momwe akumvera, malingaliro, zotengeka (kutengeka), ndi machitidwe omwe amawapangitsa kuchita china mobwerezabwereza (zokakamiza).

Nthawi zambiri munthuyo amakhala ndi zizolowezi zochotsa malingaliro okakamira. Koma izi zimangopereka mpumulo wakanthawi kochepa. Kusachita miyambo yotayirira kungayambitse nkhawa komanso kupsinjika.

Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo sakudziwa chifukwa chenicheni cha OCD. Zinthu zomwe zimatha kugwira ntchito zimaphatikizapo kuvulala pamutu, matenda, komanso kugwira ntchito modabwitsa m'malo ena amubongo. Chibadwa (mbiri ya banja) chikuwoneka kuti chimagwira ntchito yayikulu. Mbiri yakuzunzidwa kapena kuwonongedwa ikuwonjezeranso chiwopsezo cha OCD.

Makolo ndi aphunzitsi nthawi zambiri amazindikira zizindikiro za OCD mwa ana. Anthu ambiri amapezeka ali ndi zaka 19 kapena 20, koma ena sawonetsa zizindikiro mpaka azaka 30.

Anthu omwe ali ndi OCD amakhala ndi malingaliro, zolimbikitsa, kapena zithunzi zobwereza zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa. Izi zimatchedwa obsessions.

Zitsanzo ndi izi:

• Kuopa kwambiri majeremusi
• Malingaliro oletsedwa okhudzana ndi kugonana, chipembedzo, kapena kuvulaza ena kapena kudzikonda
• Kufunika kwa dongosolo

Amachitanso machitidwe mobwerezabwereza poyankha malingaliro awo kapena zovuta zawo. Zitsanzo ndi izi:

• Kuyang'ana ndi kubwereza zochita (monga kuzimitsa magetsi ndi kutseka chitseko)
• Kuwerengera mopitirira muyeso
• Kulamula zinthu mwanjira inayake
• Kusamba mmanja mobwerezabwereza kuti mupewe matenda
• Kubwereza mawu mwakachetechete
• Kupemphera chamumtima mobwerezabwereza

Sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi zizolowezi kapena miyambo yomwe amakonda kuchita ali ndi OCD. Koma, munthu yemwe ali ndi OCD:

• Satha kuwongolera malingaliro awo kapena machitidwe awo, ngakhale amvetsetsa kuti ndiwowonjezera.
• Amakhala osachepera ola limodzi patsiku pamaganizidwe kapena machitidwe awa.
• Samasangalala ndi kuchita kakhalidwe kapena mwambo, kupatula kuthetseratu nkhawa kwakanthawi.
• Ali ndi mavuto akulu m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku chifukwa cha malingaliro ndi miyambo imeneyi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi OCD amathanso kukhala ndi matenda a tic, monga:

• Kuphethira diso
• Nkhope yoyipa
• Kugwedeza phewa
• Mutu ukugwedezeka
• Kubwereza pakhosi mobwerezabwereza, kununkhiza, kapena kulira mokweza

Matendawa amapangidwa potengera kuyankhulana kwa munthuyo ndi abale ake. Kuyezetsa thupi kumatha kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Kuwunika kwaumoyo kumatha kuthana ndi zovuta zina zamaganizidwe.

Mafunso angathandize kuzindikira OCD ndikuwunika momwe chithandizo chikuyendera.

OCD amathandizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi mankhwala.

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amaphatikizapo antidepressants, antipsychotic, komanso ma stabilizer.

Therapy ya kulankhula (chidziwitso chamakhalidwe; CBT) yawonetsedwa kuti ndiyothandiza pa vutoli. Pakuthandizira, munthuyo amakhala pangozi nthawi zambiri pazomwe zimayambitsa malingaliro okakamira ndikuphunzira kupirira pang'ono nkhawa ndikupewa kukakamizidwa. Therapy itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuchepetsa nkhawa komanso nkhawa komanso kuthana ndi mikangano yamkati.

Mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa zakukhala ndi OCD polowa nawo gulu lothandizira. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Magulu othandizira nthawi zambiri samakhala m'malo mwa mankhwala olankhula kapena kumwa mankhwala, koma atha kukhala othandizira.

• Mayiko OCD Foundation - iocdf.org/ocd-finding-help/supportgroups/
• National Institute of Mental Health - www.nimh.nih.gov/health/find-help/index.shtml

OCD ndi matenda okhalitsa (osachiritsika) okhala ndi nthawi yazizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi nthawi zosintha. Nthawi yopanda zizindikiro ndizachilendo. Anthu ambiri amachita bwino akamalandira chithandizo chamankhwala.

Zovuta zazitali za OCD zimakhudzana ndi mtundu wa zovuta kapena zokakamiza. Mwachitsanzo, kusamba m'manja nthawi zonse kumatha kuwononga khungu. OCD samakonda kukhala vuto lina lamaganizidwe.

Funsani nthawi yokumana ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati zizindikiro zanu zikusokoneza moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, ntchito, kapena ubale.

Matenda osokoneza bongo; OCD

• Matenda osokoneza bongo

Msonkhano wa American Psychiatric. Matenda osokoneza bongo komanso okhudzana nawo. Mu: American Psychiatric Association, wolemba. Kusanthula ndi Buku Lophatikiza la Mavuto Amisala. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwama Psychiatric ku America; 2013: 235-264.

Lyness JM. Matenda amisala pamankhwala. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 369.

Stewart SE, Lafleur D, Dougherty DD, Wilhelm S, Keuthen NJ, Jenike MA. Matenda osokoneza bongo komanso okakamira kwambiri komanso ena okhudzana ndi izi. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 33.