Phobia - yosavuta / yeniyeni

Phobia ndikuwopa kwambiri kapena kuda nkhawa kwa chinthu, nyama, zochitika, kapena malo omwe sangabweretse chiwopsezo chilichonse.

Ma phobias enieni ndi mtundu wa matenda amisala omwe munthu amatha kukhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri kapena kuchita mantha akamachita mantha. Ma phobias enieni ndi matenda amisala wamba.

Phobias wamba amaphatikizapo mantha a:

• Kukhala m'malo ovuta kuthawa, monga unyinji, milatho, kapena kukhala panokha
• Magazi, jakisoni, ndi njira zina zamankhwala
• Nyama zina (mwachitsanzo, agalu kapena njoka)
• Malo otsekedwa
• Kuuluka
• Malo okwezeka
• Tizilombo kapena akangaude
• Mphezi

Kuwonetsedwa ku chinthu chowopedwacho kapena ngakhale kuganizira zakudziwidwa nacho kumayambitsa nkhawa.

• Mantha kapena nkhawa izi ndizolimba kuposa chiwopsezo chenicheni.
• Mutha kutuluka thukuta mopitirira muyeso, kukhala ndi mavuto kuwongolera minofu kapena zochita zanu, kapena kugunda kwamtima.

Mumapewa makonzedwe omwe mungakumane ndi chinthu chowopedwa kapena nyama. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupewa kuyendetsa pagalimoto, ngati ma tunnel ndiomwe mukuopa. Kupewa kwamtunduwu kumatha kusokoneza ntchito yanu komanso moyo wanu wachikhalidwe.

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzafunsa za mbiri yanu ya mantha, ndipo adzakufotokozerani zamakhalidwe kuchokera kwa inu, banja lanu, kapena abwenzi.

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuthandizani kuti mukhale moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku osasokonezedwa ndi mantha anu. Kuchita bwino kwa chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zambiri kumatengera kukula kwa phobia yanu.

Nthawi zambiri amayesera kuyankhula poyankhula. Izi zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Chidziwitso chamakhalidwe (CBT) chimakuthandizani kusintha malingaliro omwe amachititsa mantha anu.
• Chithandizo chazowonekera. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyerekezera magawo a anthu omwe amachita mantha kuchokera kumagwiridwe ochepa kwambiri mpaka amantha kwambiri. Muthanso kudziwitsidwa pang'onopang'ono za mantha anu enieni kuti akuthandizeni kuthana nawo.
• Zipatala za Phobia ndi mankhwala am'magulu, omwe amathandiza anthu kuthana ndi ma phobias wamba monga mantha owuluka.

Mankhwala ena, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuthana ndi kukhumudwa, atha kukhala othandiza pavutoli. Amagwira ntchito popewa zizindikilo zanu kapena kuzipangitsa kukhala zochepa. Muyenera kumwa mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse. Osasiya kuwatenga osalankhula ndi omwe amakupatsani.

Mankhwala otchedwa sedative (kapena hypnotics) amathanso kuperekedwa.

• Mankhwalawa ayenera kungotengedwa ndi dokotala.
• Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala ochepa. Siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse.
• Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zizindikilo zikuwonjezeka kapena mukatsala pang'ono kuwonetsedwa ndi zomwe zimabweretsa zizindikiro zanu.

Ngati mwauzidwa kuti mugoneke, musamamwe mowa mukamamwa mankhwalawa. Zina zomwe zingachepetse kuchuluka kwa ziwopsezo ndi izi:

• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse
• Kugona mokwanira
• Kuchepetsa kapena kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito caffeine, mankhwala ena ozizira owonjezera, ndi zina zopatsa mphamvu

Phobias amakonda kupitilira, koma amatha kuyankha kuchipatala.

Ma phobias ena amatha kukhudza magwiridwe antchito kapena magwiridwe antchito. Mankhwala ena odana ndi nkhawa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza phobias amatha kudalira thupi.

Funsani nthawi yokumana ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati phobia ikusokoneza zochitika m'moyo.

Nkhawa - phobia

• Mantha ndi phobias

Tsamba la American Psychiatric Association. Matenda nkhawa. Mu: American Psychiatric Association, wolemba. Kusanthula ndi Buku Lophatikiza la Mavuto Amisala. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwama Psychiatric ku America; 2013: 189-234.

Calkins AW, Bui E, Taylor CT, Pollack MH, LeBeau RT, Simon NM. Matenda nkhawa. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 32.

Lyness JM. Matenda amisala pamankhwala. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 369.

Tsamba la National Institute of Mental Health. Matenda nkhawa. www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml. Idasinthidwa mu Julayi 2018. Idapezeka pa June 17, 2020.