Astigmatism

Astigmatism ndi mtundu wa cholakwika cha diso. Zolakwitsa zoyambitsa zimayambitsa kusawona bwino. Ndicho chifukwa chofala kwambiri chomwe chimapangitsa munthu kupita kukakumana ndi katswiri wamaso.

Mitundu ina yazolakwitsa zotsutsa ndi izi:

• Kuonera patali
• Kuyang'ana pafupi

Anthu amatha kuwona chifukwa mbali yakutsogolo ya diso (cornea) imatha kupindika (kutulutsa) kuwala ndikuiyika pa diso. Uku ndikumbuyo kwamkati kwamaso.

Ngati cheza chakuwala sichikuyang'ana bwino pa diso, zithunzi zomwe mukuwona mwina sizimveka bwino.

Ndi astigmatism, diso limapindika modabwitsa. Kupindika uku kumapangitsa kuti masomphenya asawonekere.

Zomwe zimayambitsa astigmatism sizikudziwika. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka kuyambira kubadwa. Astigmatism nthawi zambiri imachitika limodzi ndi kuwonera pafupi kapena kuwonera patali. Ngati astigmatism ikuipiraipira, itha kukhala chizindikiro cha keratoconus.

Astigmatism ndiyofala kwambiri. Nthawi zina zimachitika pambuyo pa mitundu ina ya maopareshoni amaso, monga opaleshoni yamaso.

Astigmatism imapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwona bwino, kaya pafupi kapena patali.

Astigmatism imapezeka mosavuta ndikuyesedwa kwamaso ndi mayeso oyeserera. Mayeso apadera safunika nthawi zambiri.

Ana kapena achikulire omwe sangayankhe mayeso oyeserera amatha kuyesedwa pamayeso omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuwunikira (retinoscopy).

Kufatsa kwa astigmatism kosafunikira kukonzedwa.

Magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizirana adzakonza astigmatism, koma osachiritsa.

Opaleshoni ya laser imatha kuthandiza kusintha mawonekedwe a cornea kuti athetse astigmatism, komanso kuwonera patali kapena kuwonera patali.

Astigmatism imatha kusintha pakapita nthawi, ikufuna magalasi atsopano kapena magalasi olumikizirana. Kuwongolera masomphenya a Laser nthawi zambiri kumatha, kapena kumachepetsa kwambiri astigmatism.

Kwa ana, astigmatism yopanda diso limodzi imatha kuyambitsa amblyopia.

Itanani woyang'anira zaumoyo wanu kapena m'maso ngati mavuto akuwonjezeka, kapena musasinthe ndi magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizirana nawo.

• Kuyesa kwowoneka bwino

Chiu B, Wachinyamata JA. Kuwongolera zolakwika zotsutsa. Mu: Yanoff M, Duker JS, olemba. Ophthalmology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap. 2.4.

Jain S, Hardten DR, Ang LPK, Azar DT. Kuchotsa kwa ma laser pamwamba: photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser subepithelial Keratomileusis (LASEK), ndi Epi-LASIK. Mu: Yanoff M, Duker JS, olemba. Ophthalmology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chaputala 3.3.

Olitsky SE, Marsh JD. Zovuta zakubwezeretsa ndi malo okhala. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 638.