Zosangalatsa

Gigantism ndikukula modabwitsa chifukwa cha kukula kwa mahomoni okula (GH) ali mwana.

Gigantism ndiyosowa kwambiri. Chifukwa chodziwika kwambiri chotulutsira GH yochulukirapo ndi chotupa cha khansa ya pituitary. Zina mwa zifukwa zake ndi izi:

• Matenda amtundu omwe amakhudza khungu (pigmentation) ndipo amayambitsa zotupa zoyipa pakhungu, mtima, ndi endocrine (hormone) system (Carney complex)
• Matenda amtundu omwe amakhudza mafupa ndi khungu (McCune-Albright syndrome)
• Matenda amtundu womwe m'modzi kapena angapo am'matumbo a endocrine amatopa kwambiri kapena amapanga chotupa (angapo endocrine neoplasia mtundu 1 kapena mtundu 4)
• Matenda achibadwa omwe amapanga zotupa za pituitary
• Matenda omwe zotupa zimapangika m'mitsempha ya ubongo ndi msana (neurofibromatosis)

Ngati GH yochulukirapo imachitika pakukula kwa mafupa (kutha msinkhu), vutoli limadziwika kuti acromegaly.

Mwanayo amakula msinkhu, komanso minofu ndi ziwalo. Kukula kopitilira muyeso kumamupangitsa mwanayo kukhala wokulirapo msinkhu wake.

Zizindikiro zina ndizo:

• Kuchedwa kutha msinkhu
• Masomphenya awiri kapena zovuta ndi masomphenya (mbali)
• Wotchuka pamphumi (kutsogolo kwa bwana) ndi nsagwada wotchuka
• Mipata pakati pa mano
• Mutu
• Kuchuluka thukuta
• Nthawi zosasamba (msambo)
• Ululu wophatikizana
• Manja akulu ndi mapazi ndi zala zakuda ndi zala zakuphazi
• Kutulutsidwa kwa mkaka wa m'mawere
• Mavuto ogona
• Kuchepetsa nkhope
• Kufooka
• Kusintha kwa mawu

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa thupi ndikufunsa za zizindikiro za mwanayo.

Mayeso a Laborator omwe atha kulamulidwa ndi awa:

• Cortisol
• Estradiol (atsikana)
• Mayeso opondereza a GH
• Prolactin
• Kukula kofanana ndi insulin-I
• Testosterone (anyamata)
• Mahomoni a chithokomiro

Kujambula mayeso, monga CT kapena MRI scan pamutu, amathanso kulamulidwa kuti ayang'ane chotupa cha pituitary.

Kwa zotupa za pituitary, opaleshoni imatha kuchiritsa milandu yambiri.

Pamene opaleshoni singathe kuchotsa chotupacho, mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsekereza kapena kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa GH kapena kuletsa GH kuti isafike pamatenda oyenera.

Nthawi zina mankhwala a radiation amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa kukula kwa chotupacho pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni.

Kuchita opaleshoni ya pituitary nthawi zambiri kumathandiza kuchepetsa kupanga GH.

Kuchiza koyambirira kumatha kusintha zosintha zambiri zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa GH.

Kuchita maopaleshoni ndi radiation kumatha kubweretsa kuchepa kwa mahomoni ena am'mimba. Izi zitha kuyambitsa izi:

• Kulephera kwa adrenal (ma adrenal gland samatulutsa mahomoni okwanira)
• Matenda a shuga (ludzu kwambiri komanso kukodza kwambiri; nthawi zina)
• Hypogonadism (ziwalo zoberekera za thupi zimatulutsa mahomoni pang'ono kapena ayi)
• Hypothyroidism (chithokomiro chotulutsa chithokomiro sichimapanga mahomoni amtundu wambiri)

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro zakukula kwambiri.

Gigantism sitingapewe. Kuchiritsidwa msanga kumatha kuteteza matendawa kuti asakule kwambiri ndikuthandizira kupewa zovuta.

Chimphona Kuchulukitsa kwa kukula kwa hormone; Hormone yakukula - kupanga mopitirira muyeso

• Matenda a Endocrine

Katznelson L, Malamulo ER Jr, Melmed S, et al; Bungwe la Endocrine. Acromegaly: malangizo othandizira azachipatala. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 99 (11): 3933-3951. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 25356808 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25356808.

Melmed S. Zovuta. Mu: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, olemba. Endocrinology: Akuluakulu ndi Ana. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 12.