Listeriosis

Listeriosis ndi matenda omwe amatha kuchitika munthu akadya chakudya chomwe chakhudzana ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa Listeria monocytogenes (L monocytogenes).

Mabakiteriya L monocytogenes amapezeka mu nyama zamtchire, nyama zoweta, komanso m'nthaka ndi m'madzi. Mabakiteriyawa amadwalitsa nyama zambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa kupita padera komanso kubereka ziweto.

Zamasamba, nyama, ndi zakudya zina zimatha kutenga kachilomboka ngati zikakhudzana ndi nthaka kapena manyowa. Mkaka wosaphika kapena zopangidwa kuchokera ku mkaka wosaphika zimatha kunyamula mabakiteriyawa.

Mukamadya mankhwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa, mungadwale. Anthu otsatirawa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu:

• Akuluakulu azaka zopitilira 50
• Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka
• Kukula kwamwana
• Obadwa kumene
• Mimba

Mabakiteriya nthawi zambiri amayambitsa matenda am'mimba. Nthawi zina, mutha kukhala ndi matenda amwazi (septicemia) kapena kutupa kwa chophimba cha ubongo (meningitis). Makanda ndi ana nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi meningitis.

Kutenga matenda kumayambiriro kwa mimba kungayambitse kupita padera. Mabakiteriya amatha kuwoloka pa placenta ndikupatsira mwana yemwe akukula. Matenda omwe ali ndi pakati mochedwa amatha kubereka mwana kapena kumwalira m'mimba patangopita maola ochepa kuchokera pamene anabadwa. Pafupifupi theka la makanda omwe ali ndi kachilombo pobadwa kapena pafupi kubadwa adzafa.

Kwa achikulire, matendawa amatha m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kutengera ziwalo kapena ziwalo zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka. Zitha kuchitika ngati:

• Matenda a mtima (endocarditis)
• Matenda a ubongo kapena msana (meningitis)
• Matenda a m'mapapo (chibayo)
• Matenda a magazi (septicemia)
• Matenda am'mimba (gastroenteritis)

Kapena zitha kuchitika modekha ngati:

• Ziphuphu
• Conjunctivitis
• Zotupa pakhungu

Kwa makanda, zisonyezo za listeriosis zitha kuwoneka m'masiku ochepa oyambilira amoyo ndipo atha kukhala:

• Kutaya njala
• Kukonda
• Jaundice
• Mavuto am'mapapo (nthawi zambiri chibayo)
• Chodabwitsa
• Ziphuphu pakhungu
• Kusanza

Mayeso a labotale atha kuchitidwa kuti azindikire mabakiteriya mu amniotic fluid, magazi, ndowe, ndi mkodzo. Chikhalidwe cha msana (cerebrospnial fluid kapena CSF) chimachitika ngati kachilombo ka msana kachitidwa.

Maantibayotiki (kuphatikiza ampicillin kapena trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) amaperekedwa kuti aphe mabakiteriya.

Listeriosis m'mimba mwa mwana kapena khanda nthawi zambiri imapha. Ana okalamba athanzi ndi achikulire ali ndi mwayi wopulumuka. Matendawa ndi ochepa ngati amangokhudza m'mimba. Matenda aubongo kapena msana amakhala ndi zoyipa zoyipa.

Makanda omwe amapulumuka listeriosis atha kukhala ndi vuto lalitali la ubongo ndi mantha (neurologic) ndikuchedwa kukula.

Itanani odwala anu ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mukudwala matenda a listeriosis.

Zakudya zakunja, monga tchizi wofewa wosaphika, zayambitsanso kufalikira kwa listeriosis. Nthawi zonse kuphika chakudya bwino.

Sambani m'manja mwanu mutakhudza ziweto, ziweto, ndi ndowe za nyama.

Amayi apakati angafune kupita kukaona tsamba la Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza kapewedwe ka chakudya: www.cdc.gov/listeria/prevention.html.

Matenda a Listerial; Granulomatosis infantisepticum; Mndandanda wa fetal

• Ma antibodies

Johnson JE, Mylonakis E. Listeria monocytogenes. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 206.

Kollman TR, Wolemba Makalata TL, Bortolussi R. Listeriosis. Mu: Wilson CB, Nizet V, Maldonado YA, Remington JS, Klein JO, olemba. Matenda Opatsirana a mwana wosabadwayo ndi mwana wakhanda a Remington ndi Klein. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 13.