Matenda otsutsana

Matenda osagwirizana ndi njira yosamvera, yankhanza, komanso yamwano kwa olamulira.

Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa anyamata kuposa atsikana. Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti zimakhudza 20% ya ana azaka zopita kusukulu. Komabe, akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chiwerengerochi ndichokwera chifukwa chosintha matanthauzidwe amikhalidwe yabwana. Itha kukhalanso ndi kusankhana mitundu, chikhalidwe, komanso jenda.

Khalidwe ili limayamba ndi zaka 8. Komabe, limatha kuyamba zaka zoyambira sukulu. Vutoli limaganiziridwa kuti limayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zamoyo, zamaganizidwe, komanso chikhalidwe.

Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

• Mwachangu samatsatira zopempha za akulu
• Wokwiya komanso wokwiya kwa ena
• Kukangana ndi akulu
• Amaimba ena mlandu pazolakwa zawo
• Ali ndi abwenzi ochepa kapena alibe kapena wataya abwenzi
• Amakhala pamavuto kusukulu
• Sachedwa kupsa mtima
• Amakwiya kapena amafuna kubwezera
• Amakhudza kapena amakwiya msanga

Kuti agwirizane ndi matendawa, mawonekedwe ayenera kukhala osachepera miyezi 6 ndipo ayenera kukhala opitilira muyeso wabwana.

Mitundu yamakhalidwe iyenera kukhala yosiyana ndi ya ana ena azaka zomwezo komanso kukula. Khalidwe liyenera kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu kusukulu kapena zochitika zina.

Ana omwe ali ndi zizindikilo za matendawa ayenera kuwunikidwa ndi wazamisala kapena wama psychologist. Kwa ana ndi achinyamata, zinthu zotsatirazi zitha kubweretsa zovuta zofananira ndipo ziyenera kutengedwa ngati zotheka:

• Matenda nkhawa
• Matenda a chidwi / kuchepa kwa magazi (ADHD)
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Mavuto ophunzirira
• Matenda osokoneza bongo

Chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa mwanayo ndikulankhula ndi katswiri wazachipatala payekhapayekha komanso mwina ndi mankhwala am'banja. Makolowo ayeneranso kuphunzira momwe angayendetsere machitidwe amwana.

Mankhwala amathanso kuthandizira, makamaka ngati zizolowezizo zimachitika ngati gawo lina (monga kukhumudwa, matenda amisala yaubwana, kapena ADHD).

Ana ena amamvera bwino akamalandira chithandizo, pomwe ena samatero.

Nthawi zambiri, ana omwe ali ndi vuto lotsutsa lomwe amakula amakula ndikamakula ali achinyamata kapena achikulire. Nthawi zina, ana amakula ndikamacheza ndi anzawo.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi nkhawa zakukula kwa mwana wanu kapena machitidwe ake.

Osasinthasintha malamulo ndi zotsatira kunyumba. Osapanga zilango zokhwima kapena zosagwirizana.

Sonyezani machitidwe oyenera kwa mwana wanu. Kuzunza ndi kunyalanyaza kumawonjezera mwayi woti izi zitheke.

Tsamba la American Psychiatric Association. Zosokoneza, zowongolera, komanso zovuta. Mu: American Psychiatric Association. Kusanthula ndi Buku Lophatikiza la Mavuto Amisala. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwa Psychiatric kwa America. 2013: 461-480.

Moser SE, Netson KL. Mavuto azikhalidwe mwa ana ndi achinyamata. Mu: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, olemba. Buku Lophunzitsira La Banja. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 23.

Walter HJ, DeMaso DR. Zosokoneza, zowongolera, komanso zovuta. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 42.