Masamba a Cranial

Minyewa yama cranial ndimatumba amtundu wambiri omwe amalumikiza mafupa a chigaza.

Chigaza cha khanda chimapangidwa ndi mafupa asanu ndi limodzi (chigaza):

• Fupa lakutsogolo
• Fupa lokhala pantchito
• Mafupa awiri a parietal
• Mafupa awiri akanthawi

Mafupawa amalumikizana pamodzi ndi minofu yolimba, yolimba, yotanuka yotchedwa sutures.

Malo pakati pa mafupa omwe amakhala otseguka mwa ana ndi ana ang'ono amatchedwa fontanelles. Nthawi zina, amatchedwa malo ofewa. Malo awa ndi gawo la chitukuko chabwinobwino. Mafupa amtunduwu amakhala osiyana kwa miyezi 12 mpaka 18. Kenako amakula limodzi ngati gawo limodzi lokula bwino. Amakhala olumikizana pakukula.

Zingwe ziwiri nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pamutu wa mwana wakhanda:

• Pamwamba pamutu wapakati, kutsogolo kutsogolo (anterior fontanelle)
• Kumbuyo pakati pa mutu (posterior fontanelle)

Ma fontanelle amtsogolo nthawi zambiri amatseka ali ndi zaka 1 kapena 2 miyezi. Zitha kutsekedwa kale pobadwa.

Fontanelle wakunja nthawi zambiri amatseka nthawi ina pakati pa miyezi 9 ndi miyezi 18.

Masutoni ndi mawonekedwe amafunikira kuti khanda likule ndikukula. Pa nthawi yobereka, kusinthasintha kwa ma suture kumapangitsa kuti mafupa adutsane kotero kuti mutu wa mwana udutse mumsewu wobadwira osakanikira komanso kuwononga ubongo wawo.

Kuyambira ukhanda ndi ubwana, ma suture amasinthasintha. Izi zimapangitsa ubongo kukula msanga komanso kuteteza ubongo kuzinthu zazing'ono zomwe zimakhudza mutu (monga momwe khanda limaphunzirira kukweza mutu wake, kugubuduza, ndikukhala). Popanda ma suture osinthika ndi ma fontanelles, ubongo wamwana sukanatha kukula mokwanira. Mwanayo amawonongeka muubongo.

Kumva ma suture amtundu ndi ma fontanelles ndi njira imodzi yomwe othandizira azaumoyo amatsata kukula ndi chitukuko cha mwanayo. Amatha kuyesa kupsinjika mkati mwa ubongo ndikumva kupindika kwa ma fontanelles. Ma fontanelles ayenera kumverera mosasunthika komanso olimba. Kutulutsa ma fontanelle kungakhale chizindikiro cha kukakamizidwa kowonjezereka mkati mwa ubongo. Poterepa, opereka chithandizo angafunike kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonera kuti awone momwe ubongo umapangidwira, monga CT scan kapena MRI scan. Kuchita opaleshoni kungafunike kuti muchepetse kupanikizika kowonjezereka.

Zoyamwa, zopindika zamafonti nthawi zina zimakhala chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi.

Zolemba; Sutures - cranial

• Chibade cha mwana wakhanda
• Zolemba

Wokhulupirika NK. Khanda lobadwa kumene. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 113.

Varma R, Williams SD. Neurology. Mu: Zitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, eds. Zitelli ndi Davis ’Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 16.